August 13, 2025

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Announcement of New Website: Rohingya Today (RohingyaToday.Com) Dear Readers, From 1st January 2019 onward, the Rohingya News Portal 'Rohingya Blogger' will be renamed and upgraded as 'Rohingya Today'. Due to this transition to a new name, our website will be available at www.rohing...

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Maung Zarni, leader of the Free Rohingya Coalition, speaks at a news conference at the Foreign Correspondents' Club of Japan in Tokyo on Thursday. | CHISATO TANAKA By Chisato Tanaka, Published by The Japan Times on October 25, 2018 A leader of a global network of activists for Rohingya Mu...

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By Sena GÃŒler | Published by Anadolu Agency on December 1, 2018 Maung Zarni says he will boycott Beijing-sponsored events until the country reverses its 'troubling path' ANKARA -- A human rights activist and intellectual said he withdrew from a Beijing-sponsored forum in London to pro...

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Oskar Butcher RB Article October 6, 2018 Every night in an unassuming shop space located in Mandalay’s 39thStreet, Lu Maw and Lu Zaw – the remaining members of the Burma’s most famous comedy trio, the Moustache Brothers – present their show: a curious combination of comedy, political sa...

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A demonstration over identity cards at a Rohingya refugee camp in Bangladesh in April, 2018. Image: NurPhoto/SIPA USA/PA Images. By Natalie Brinham | Published by Open Democracy on October 21, 2018 Wary of the past, Rohingya have frustrated the UN’s attempts to provide them with documenta...

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By M.S. Anwar | Opinion & Analysis The Burmese (Myanmar) quasi-civilian government unleashed a large-scale violence against the minority Rohingya in the western Myanmar state of Arakan in 2012. The violence, which some wrongly frame as ‘Communal’, was carried out by the Burmese armed forces...

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By Maung Zarni, Natalie Brinham | Published by Middle East Institute on November 20, 2018 “It is an ongoing genocide (in Myanmar),” said Mr. Marzuki Darusman, the head of the UN Human Rights Council-mandated Independent International Fact-Finding Mission at the official briefing at ...

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Rohingya refugees who fled from Myanmar wait to be let through by Bangladeshi border guards after crossing the border in Palang Khali, Bangladesh October 9, 2017. REUTERS/Damir Sagolj MS Anwar RB Opinion November 12, 2018 Some may differ. But I believe the government of Bangladesh is ...

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By Maung Zarni | Published by Anadolu Agency on December 15, 2018 US will not intercede, and Myanmar's neighbors see it through economic lens, so international coalition for Rohingya needed LONDON -- The U.S. House of Representatives Thursday overwhelmingly passed a resolution ca...

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Aman Ullah  RB History August 25, 2016 The ethnic Rohingya is one of the many nationalities of the union of Burma. And they are one of the two major communities of Arakan; the other is Rakhine and Buddhist. The Muslims (Rohingyas) and Buddhists (Rakhines) peacefully co-existed in the A...

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Dr. Maung Zarni's Remark: The best research on Rohingya history: British Orientalism which created the pseudo-scientific biological notion of "Taiyinthar" or "real natives" of #Myanmar caused that country's post-colonial cancer of official & popular genocidal Racism.  This co...

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(Photo: Soe Zeya Tun, Reuters) RB News  October 5, 2013  Thandwe, Arakan – Rakhinese mob in Thandwe started attacking Kaman Muslims on September 28, 2013. As a result, 5 Kaman Muslims were mercilessly killed and 1 was died in heart attack while escaping the attack. 781 Kaman Mus...

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Rohingya families arrive at a UNHCR transit centre near the village of Anjuman Para, Cox’s Bazar, south-east Bangladesh after spending four days stranded at the Myanmar border with some 6,800 refugees. (Photo: UNHCR/Roger Arnold) By UN News May 11, 2018 Late last year, as violent repressi...

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(Photo: Reuters) Joint Statement: Rohingya Groups Call on U.S. Government to Ensure International Accountability for Myanmar Military-Planned Genocide December 17, 2018  We, the undersigned Rohingya organizations worldwide, call for accountability for genocide and crimes against...

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RB News December 6, 2017 Tokyo, Japan -- Legislators from all parties, along with Human Rights Now, Human Rights Watch, and Save the Children, came together to host the emergency parliament in-house event “The Rohingya Human Rights Crisis and Japanese Diplomacy” on December 4th. The eve...

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By Wyston Lawrence RB Petition October 15, 2017 There is one petition has been going on Change.org to remove Ven. Wira Thu from Facebook. He has been known as Buddhist Bin Laden. Time magazine published his image on their cover with the title of The Face of Buddhist Terror. The petitio...

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A human rights activist and genocide scholar from Burma Dr. Maung Zarni visits Auschwitz-Birkenau Nazi Extermination Camp and calls on European governments - Britain, France, Sweden, Norway, Italy, Denmark, Hungary and Germany not to collaborate with the Evil - like they did with Hitler 75 ye...

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By Dhaka Tribune Editorial November 5, 2017 How can we answer to our conscience knowing full-well what the Myanmar military is doing to the innocent Rohingya minority -- not even sparing children or pregnant women? Despite the on-going humanitarian crisis involving Rohingya refugees ...

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Precarious balance for Myanmar reform By Larry Jagan

The future of Myanmar's reform process is in question as hardliners and liberals in government ramp up an increasingly bitter power struggle. Change in Myanmar remains fragile despite some encouraging reform signals and growing international goodwill towards President Thein Sein.

So far, though, President Thein Sein's good intentions have produced only limited practical change. Now, there are growing fears that the recent political gains, including the release of political prisoners and allowances for the opposition National League for Democracy (NLD) to contest upcoming by-elections, could be reversed.

The reason is that the more liberal-minded ministers who support Thein Sein and his reform agenda are being cramped by persistent pressure from hardliners led by Vice President Tin Aung Myint Oo and other ministers who seem intent to derail reforms despite publicly declaring their support for democratic change.

Analysts and activists are split on whether these signs of change are genuine or a smokescreen to hide the regime's real intention to keep the military in power for as long as possible under the guise of civilian rule. Myanmar's pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi has so far tentatively endorsed Thein Sein's reforms but according to sources close to her remains cautious.

Much rides for all sides on by-elections scheduled for April 1, where 46 of parliament's total 664 seats will be up for grabs and Suu Kyi will contest a seat on the outskirts of Yangon. The NLD overwhelmingly won polls held in 1990 but the military annulled the results and maintained its grip on power. The party failed to register and contest the 2010 elections and was banned as a result.

Both the European Union and United States have indicated they may roll back their economic and financial sanctions with more progress on reforms, including the holding of free and fair by-elections in April. The elections should also provide clarity about whether government reformers or hardliners are on the ascendency as well as the pace and extent of future reforms.

According to one government insider's estimate, around 20% of current ministers are in the liberal camp while another 20% fall with the hardliners. The other 60% are believed to be sitting on the fence waiting to see and side with whoever wins the intensifying power struggle, according to the government insider.

Other observers believe that the apparent divisions and splits among the ruling elite, both sides with military backgrounds, are being well-orchestrated and stress that the nature of the regime has not changed. They believe that even though the old military guard - led by former junta leader Senior General Than Shwe - have retired they still pull strings from behind the political curtain.

"President Thein Sein is a puppet of the new Myanmar government's strategy known as the eight-steps," said Aung Lynn Htut, a former military intelligence officer who defected when stationed as a diplomat in Washington in 2005, told Asia Times Online. "Than Shwe still directs policy and controls everything from behind the door," he said.

Others with links to top members of Thein Sein's government disagree and argue that the new nominally civilian government is sincere in its desire to bring reform, development and peace to Myanmar after decades of devastation and destruction under heavy-handed military rule.

"Thein Sein and his supporters are motivated by a 'gentlemen's' agenda," Myanmar academic, writer and editor Nay Win Maung, who died of a heart attack on January 1, frequently said of the new government he personally advised. Old soldiers now in government and aligned with Thein Sein are now motivated by a new sense of fair play and public duty, sources close to the current Myanmar leadership told this correspondent.

Many of them now claim to have abhorred Than Shwe's abusive rule, including its mass corruption, international isolation and the tarnished image it gave the army across the country. To reverse Than Shwe's legacy is one of the key drivers behind Thein Sein's reform agenda, they contend.

Thein Sein recently told Norway's development minister that he had wanted to reform the country for a long time but was frustrated by Than Shwe's control, according to diplomats in Yangon. Thein Sein's wife told Suu Kyi that her husband wanted to introduce reforms for more than a decade but was powerless to do so, even when serving as prime minister under the previous Than Shwe-led military junta.

Pent up reformer
Some close to Thein Sein believe that the 2007 mass demonstrations by Buddhist monks against the previous military junta he led and the devastation and destruction caused the following year by Cyclone Nargis impressed on him the need for dramatic change, according to military sources in the capital, Naypyidaw.

Thein Sein was reportedly physically shaken by the devastation he observed when inspecting storm-hit areas and overseeing the government's relief work after Cyclone Nargis, a close aide to the president told Asia Times Online. Nor is Thein Sein apparently alone in this view: there are also many in the bureaucracy and military who are firmly committed to his democratic reform agenda.

"There are those in the military with honorable intentions and who want to be seen as improving the sorry lot of the people," said David Steinberg, a Myanmar expert at the US's Georgetown University. These same soldiers have a strong sense of nationalism and strong desire to redeem the honor of the military, Steinberg said.

Reforms have so far been implemented in an ad hoc, personalized manner. For example, Railways Minister Aung Min now leads the government's negotiations with various armed ethnic rebel groups to sign ceasefire agreements. Some of the ethnic leaders involved in the talks who spoke with this correspondent say that they trust in Aung Min's sincerity.

"It's personal," an ethnic Karen leader told Asia Times Online soon after the armed Karen National Union (KNU) signed a truce last month to end hostilities and agreed to exchange liaison offices with the government. Trust with the Karen was built during relaxed drinking sessions at preliminary meetings held last November in Thailand's northern Chiang Rai province, according to a source familiar with the situation.

During one of the toasts, Aung Min apparently endeared himself to certain Karen representatives when he pleaded personally that the KNU refrained from attacking public railways. There had been several attacks on Myanmar's railways earlier in the year that were believed to have been carried out by the KNU.

Some observers believe that personalized approach could eventually backfire. "Everything appears to be the result of personal connections - even the relationship between Aung San Suu Kyi and the president," said a former European diplomat who has spent more than 15 years involved in Myanmar. "That is the major flaw in this whole process - there is no overall plan so it can be thrown out overnight if circumstances change."

"Until these changes are institutionalized, there is a danger of them being reversed in the future, especially if corruption continues and there is violence," said Thailand-based former activist and development specialist Aung Naing Oo, who recently visited Myanmar for the first time in over 20 years.

The overriding concern of Myanmar's ruling establishment - both liberals and hardliners alike - is to maintain peace and stability during the political transition. Fear of renewed bouts of unrest could explain why the highly anticipated release of political prisoners was delayed for several months. Those fears also likely motivated the recent arrest and questioning of Buddhist monk U Gambira, who was recently released early from a 68-year prison sentence for his role in the 2007 uprising against the government.

Than Shwe's transitional plan clearly intended to delay reforms and pit military groups against one another in a divide and rule fashion. The 2008 constitution, which was passed in a sham referendum and embodies Than Shwe's vision for the Myanmar's political future, was intended to create a system of power sharing whereby no individual would become powerful enough to challenge his position and family's wealth. Than Shwe famously detained and harassed the family members of former long time military dictator Ne Win.

Than Shwe's new system also aims to create a structure that makes legal change difficult, including a requirement than over three-quarters of parliament must agree to make constitutional amendments. A quarter of parliament is made up of military representatives, giving the military virtual veto power over any proposed charter change.

Gentleman's agreement
However, Than Shwe seems to have failed to foresee that new President Thein Sein, speaker of the lower house Shwe Mann and army chief General Min Aung Hlaing would reach a "gentlemen's agenda" in ruling the country. This agreement has spurred an accelerated reform process that has gained momentum and moral authority through Suu Kyi's public support and upcoming participation in the process.

Often overlooked in Myanmar's evolving transition is the role parliament has played in the reform process. Analysts and activists widely believed that the upper and lower houses of the new National Assembly would rarely meet and when they did would dutifully follow a pre-arranged script - much like the Burma Socialist Program Party (BSPP) parliament in the mid-1970s did under Ne Win.

So far that has not been the case. Parliament speaker Shwe Mann was apparently devastated when Than Shwe overlooked him and chose Thein Sein as president, confining Shwe Mann instead to what was expected to be a rubber stamp parliament. To give parliament a more representative veneer, Shwe Mann has lent his support to Suu Kyi's and the NLD's participation in the upcoming by-elections.

He also reportedly told US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton during a meeting at Naypyidaw in December that he wanted to make Myanmar's new parliament as good as the US Congress.

"We have taken the necessary measures so that the upcoming by-elections will be free, fair and credible," Shwe Mann told European Union development commissioner Andris Piebalgs, speaking through an interpreter, earlier this week.

The manner in which the by-elections are held, even more than the actual results, may indicate the future direction of the gentlemen's agreement. At the least, the by-election results will affect the ruling Union Solidarity Development Party (USDP), which swept the November 2010 elections in a contest foreign observers said lacked credibility but is expected to face stiffer competition, including from the NLD, at the next general elections scheduled for 2015.

Thein Sein has unofficially announced that he will only serve one term as president; Shwe Mann has made it clear he would like to one day serve as president. To win a free and fair election in 2015, however, he will need to purge the USDP of dead wood and obstacles - including hardliners like Aung Thaung, Htay Oo and Maung Maung Thein, according to Shwe Mann's senior advisors.

The hope among Shwe Mann's allies in government is that a lopsided by-election win for the NLD will provide him with the political excuse to clean house and purge hardliners opposed to reforms. If Suu Kyi wins a seat in parliament, Shwe Mann will be expected to allow her to become opposition leader. However, any strategy leveraging Suu Kyi to gain political ground against hardliners will be fraught with dangers and could open new divisions with those who currently support the reform process.

"What is remarkable is the way in which Thein Sein and company have reached out to her [Suu Kyi] since August last year [when they first met in Naypyidaw]," said Justin Wintle, a British academic and writer of a biography on Suu Kyi. "The signs are that this has not been a cynical move. One way of dealing with your political enemies is to co-opt them, but this is a genuine attempt to reconfigure Myanmar," he said.

Yet even this potentially crucial move reflects the ad hoc nature of Myanmar's still tentative reform process. If Suu Kyi is elected to parliament at the upcoming by-elections, she will quickly emerge as a challenger to Shwe Mann and the USDP's current dominance at the 2015 polls. "I know, but we'll cross that bridge when we come to it," Shwe Mann reportedly recently replied to his son Toe Naing Mann, according to sources close to the family.


Larry Jagan previously covered Myanmar politics for the British Broadcasting Corporation. He is currently a freelance journalist based in Bangkok. 


Source here

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မေရရာေသသသည့္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ၏ ႏိုင္ငံေရသ အေျပာင္သအလဲ
Larry Jagan

ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ၏ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲေရသ ျဖစ္စဥ္သည္ သေဘာထာသတင္သမာသူမ်ာသႏလင့္ သေဘာထာသ ေပ်ာ့ေပ်ာင္သ သူမ်ာသၟကာသ အာဏာလဌန္ဆဌဲေနခ်ိန္ျဖစ္၍ မေရရာ မေသခ်ာေသသသည့္ အခ်ိန္ကာလတစ္ခု ျဖစ္သည္။ သမ၌တႀကီသ ညသသိန္သစိန္အေပၚ ႏိုင္ငံတကာ၏ ယုံၟကည္ကိုယ္စာသမႈႏလင့္ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲေရသ အေပၚ အာသေပသ ေနေသာ္လည္သ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ၏ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲေရသ ျဖစ္စဥ္မလာ မေရရာမေသခ်ာ ျဖစ္ေနဆဲ ျဖစ္သည္။
သမ၌တႀကီသ ညသသိန္သစိန္၏ ရည္ရဌယ္ခ်က္ ေကာင္သေသာ္လည္သ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲေရသ ျဖစ္စဥ္မလာ အကန္႔အသတ္ ျဖင့္သာ ျဖစ္ေနေသသသည္။ ႏိုင္ငံေရသအက်ဥ္သသာသမ်ာသ လႊတ္ေပသခဲ့ျခင္သ အပါအဝင္ အမ်ိဳသသာသဒီမိုကေရစီ အဖဌဲ႔ခ်ဳပ္ကို ေရဌသေကာက္ပဌဲတဌင္ ပါဝင္ယလဥ္ၿပိဳင္ခဌင့္ ေပသခဲ့ျခင္သအေပၚ စိုသရိမ္မႈမ်ာသ ျမင့္တက္လာခဲ့ၿပီသ ယင္သကို ျပန္လည္သုံသသပ္လာႏိုင္သည္။

သေဘာထာသေပ်ာ့ေပ်ာင္သသည့္ ဝန္ႀကီသမ်ာသသည္ သမ၌တႀကီသ ညသသိန္သစိန္ေခါင္သေဆာင္သည့္ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲ မႈမ်ာသကို ေထာက္ခံ၍ ဝိုင္သရံေပသေသာ္လည္သ သေဘာထာသတင္သမာသည့္ ဒုတိယသမ၌တ ညသတင္ေအာင္ျမင့္ညသ ႏလင့္ ဝန္ႀကီသအခ်ိဳ႕သည္ သမ၌တႀကီသအေပၚ ဖိအာသေပသမႈမ်ာသ ျပဳလုပ္ေနသျဖင့္ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲေရသ ျဖစ္စဥ္ကို လမ္သေခ်ာ္သဌာသေစႏိုင္သည္။ 

ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ၏ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲမႈမ်ာသသည္ အစစ္အမလန္လာသ (သို႔မဟုတ္) အရပ္သာသမ်က္ႏလာဖုံသျဖင့္ စစ္အာဏာကို ဖုံသအုပ္ထာသသည့္ ဟန္ျပေျပာင္သလဲမႈလာသ ဆိုသည္ကို ေလ့လာသူပညာရလင္မ်ာသႏလင့္ တက္ၟကဌ လႈပ္ရလာသသူမ်ာသက ေဝခဌဲမရ ျဖစ္ေနၟကသည္။ ဒီမိုကေရစီေခါင္သေဆာင္ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္သစုၟကည္သည္ သမ၌တႀကီသ ညသသိန္သစိန္၏ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲေရသ လမ္သစဥ္ကို မဝံ့မရဲျဖင့္ လက္ခံခဲ့ေသာ္လည္သ သူမႏလင့္ ရင္သႏလီသ သည့္ သတင္သအရင္သအျမစ္မ်ာသ၏ အဆိုအရ ယေန႔အထိ သတိထာသေနရဆဲ ျဖစ္သည္ဟု ဆိုသည္။ စုစုေပါင္သ အမတ္ေနရာ (၆၆၄)ေနရာတဌင္ (၄၆)ေနရာကိုသာ ယလဥ္ၿပိဳင္ရမည္ ျဖစ္သည္။ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္သ စုၟကည္သည္ ရန္ကုန္ၿမိဳ႕ဆင္ေျခဖုံသၿမိဳ႕နယ္တစ္ၿမိဳ႕နယ္မလ ဝင္ေရာက္ယလဥ္ၿပိဳင္မည္ ျဖစ္သည္။ 

အေမရိကန္ျပည္ေထာင္စုႏလင့္ ဥေရာပသမ၌ဂတို႔သည္ ဧၿပီလ(၁)ရက္ေန႔တဌင္ က်င္သပမည့္ ၟကာသျဖတ္ ေရဌသေကာက္ပဌဲႏလင့္ တိုသတက္လာမည့္ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲေရသ ျဖစ္စဥ္မ်ာသႏလင့္အတူ စီသပဌာသေရသ အခဌင့္အလမ္သမ်ာသ၊ ဘ႑ာေရသအခဌင့္အလမ္သမ်ာသေပသ၍ တုံ႔ျပန္သဌာသမည္ ျဖစ္ေၟကာင္သ အခ်က္ျပထာသၿပီသ ျဖစ္သည္။ အစိုသရ အဖဌဲ႔အတဌင္သရလိ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲလိုသူမ်ာသႏလင့္ သေဘာထာသေပ်ာ့ေပ်ာင္သသူမ်ာသ မည္သည့္ အဖဌဲ႔က အသာသစီသ ရသဌာသမည္လဲ ဆိုသည္ကို မၟကာမီ က်င္သပေတာ့မည့္ ၟကာသျဖတ္ ေရဌသေကာက္ပဌဲ က သက္ေသျပသဌာသမည္ ျဖစ္သည္။ 

အစိုသရအတဌင္သစည္သ၏ ခန္႔မလန္သခ်က္အရ ဝန္ႀကီသအဖဌဲ႔၏ (၂၀) ရာခိုင္ႏႈန္သခန္႔သည္ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲေရသ သမာသမ်ာသ ျဖစ္ၿပီသ (၂၀) ရာခိုင္ႏႈန္သခန္႔သည္ သေဘာထာသတင္သမာသူမ်ာသ ျဖစ္ၟကသည္။ က်န္(၆၀) ရာခိုင္ႏႈန္သ ခန္႔သည္ ၿခံစည္ရိုသေပၚတဌင္ ခဌထိုင္၍ အာဏာလဌန္ဆဌဲပဌဲတဌင္ မည္သူ အႏုိင္ရရလိမည္လဲ ဆိုသည္ကို ေစာင့္ၟကည့္ ေနသူမ်ာသ ျဖစ္ၟကသည္ဟု အစိုသရအတဌင္သစည္သမလ သတင္သအျမစ္အမ်ာသ၏ အဆိုအရ သိရလိ ရသည္။ 

အစိုသရအဖဌဲ႔အတဌင္သ အဖဌဲ႔(၂)ဖဌဲ႔ ကဌဲေနသည္မလာ ေသခ်ာေၟကာင္သ၊ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲလိုသည့္ အဖဌဲ႔ႏလင့္ စစ္တပ္ ေက်ာေထာက္ေနာက္ခံျပဳထာသသည့္ အဖဌဲ႔ဟူ၍ ကဌဲျပာသေနသည္။ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္မလဎသႀကီသ သန္သေရႊ ေခါင္သေဆာင္ သည့္ အစိုသရအဖဌဲ႔တဌင္ ပါဝင္ခဲ့ၟကေသာ ဝန္ႀကီသမ်ာသကို ကန္႔လန္႔ကာ ေနာက္ကဌယ္မလ ႀကိဳသကိုင္ ေနဆဲ ျဖစ္သည္။ 

သမ၌တႀကီသ ညသသိန္သစိန္သည္ အစိုသရသစ္ မဟာဗ်ဎဟာ ရုပ္ေသသရုပ္တစ္ခုပင္ ျဖစ္ေၟကာင္သ တပ္မေတာ္အစိုသရ ေထာက္လလမ္သေရသအဖဌဲ႔ဝင္ေဟာင္သ တစ္ညသျဖစ္သည့္ ေအာင္လင္သထဌဋ္က Asia Times On Line သို႔ ေျပာဆို ခဲ့သည္။ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္မလဎသႀကီသ သန္သေရႊသည္ မူဝါဒမ်ာသႏလင့္ အရာအာသလုံသကို တိုက္ရိုက္ ထိန္သခ်ဳပ္ထာသဆဲ ျဖစ္ေၟကာင္သ ၄င္သက ဆက္လက္ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။ 

ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသည္ တပ္မေတာ္အစိုသရ၏ အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္မႈျဖင့္ ဆယ္စုႏလစ္ေပါင္သမ်ာသစဌာ ၟကာျမင့္ခဲ့ၿပီသ ႏိုင္ငံမလာလည္သ ဖဌံ႔ၿဖိဳသမႈနိမ့္က်ေနခဲ့သည့္အတဌက္ ႏိုင္ငံကို ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲျခင္သ၊ ၿငိမ္သခ်မ္သျခင္သႏလင့္ ဖဌံ႔ၿဖိဳသတိုသတက္ျခင္သဆီသို႔ ေခၚေဆာင္သဌာသရန္ ညသသိန္သစိန္အစိုသရအဖဌဲ႔၏ ထိပ္ပိုင္သေခါင္သေဆာင္မ်ာသႏလင့္ ဆက္စပ္ေနသူမ်ာသက သေဘာ မတူႏိုင္ ျဖစ္ေနၟကသည္။ 

ညသသိန္သစိန္ႏလင့္ ၄င္သအာသ ေထာက္ခံသူမ်ာသကို လူႀကီသလူေကာင္သဆန္သူမ်ာသ၊ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲေရသသမာသမ်ာသ အျဖစ္ ဧၿပီလ(၁)ရက္ေန႔တဌင္ ႏလလုံသေရာဂါျဖင့္ ကဌယ္လဌန္ခဲ့သည့္ ေဒါက္တာ ေနဝင္သေမာင္က ေျပာဆို ခဲ့သည္။ လက္ရလိအစိုသရအဖဌဲ႔တဌင္ ပါဝင္သည့္ စစ္တပ္ေခါင္သေဆာင္မ်ာသႏလင့္ သမ၌တႀကီသ ညသသိန္သစိန္၏ ျပဳျပင္ ေျပာင္သလဲေရသကို ေထာက္ခံၟကသည့္ ဝန္ႀကီသမ်ာသကို ျပည္သူ႔တာဝန္ကို ထမ္သေဆာင္ၟကမည့္ ကစာသပဌဲ တစ္ခုဆီသို႔ ဆဌဲေဆာင္သဌာသၟကရန္ လက္ရလိအစိုသရအဖဌဲ႔ႏလင့္ နီသစပ္သည့္ သတင္သအရင္သအျမစ္မ်ာသက သတင္သေထာက္မ်ာသကို ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။ ၄င္သတို႔သည္ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္မလဎသႀကီသ သန္သေရႊ၏ အာဏာရလင္ဆန္မႈ၊ အက်င့္ပ်က္ျခစာသမႈ၊ နိုင္ငံတကာတဌင္ အထီသက်န္ဆန္မႈႏလင့္ ႏိုင္ငံ၏ ပုံရိပ္ညလိႏဌမ္သေနမႈမ်ာသကိုရဌံမုန္သၟကသူမ်ာသ ျဖစ္သည္။ ၄င္သတို႔သည္ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္မလဎသႀကီသ သန္သေရႊ၏ အခန္သက႑ကို ရပ္တန္႔၍ သမ၌တႀကီသ ညသသိန္သစိန္ ေခါင္သေဆာင္သည့္ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲမႈမ်ာသကို အဓိက တဌန္သအာသေပသခဲ့ၟကသူမ်ာသ ျဖစ္သည္။ 

အစိုသရေဟာင္သလက္ထဲက ပ်က္စီသယိုယဌင္သခဲ့မႈမ်ာသကို ေရရလည္စီမံခ်က္ျဖင့္ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲမႈ ျပဳလုပ္ လိုေၟကာင္သ သမ၌တႀကီသ ညသသိန္သစိန္က ေနာ္ေဝသဖဌံ႔ၿဖိဳသတိုသတက္ေရသဝန္ႀကီသကို ေျပာဆိုခဲ့ေၟကာင္သ ရန္ကုန္ရလိ သံတမန္အသိုင္သအဝန္သက ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။
သမ၌တႀကီသညသသိန္သစိန္သည္ အစိုသရေဟာင္သတဌင္ ဝန္ႀကီသခ်ဳပ္အျဖစ္ ထမ္သေဆာင္ခဲ့စဥ္ကပင္ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲ မႈမ်ာသကို ျပဳလုပ္လိုသူတစ္ညသ ျဖစ္ေၟကာင္သ၊ လဌန္ခဲ့သည့္ (၁၀)စုႏလစ္ တစ္စုေက်ာ္ကတည္သက ျပဳျပင္ ေျပာင္သလဲ မႈမ်ာသ ျပဳလုပ္ရန္ ဆႏၵရလိေသာ္လည္သ ထိုကဲ့သို႔ ျပဳလုပ္ရန္ အာဏာမရလိေၟကာင္သ သမ၌တႀကီသ ညသသိန္သစိန္၏ ဇနီသက ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္သစုၟကည္ကို ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။ 

ရင္ဖဌင့္ခဌင့္မရခဲ့တဲ့ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲေရသသမာသ

တပ္မေတာ္အစိုသရကို ဆန္႔က်င္သည့္ ၂၀၀၇ သံဃာ့အေရသအခင္သႏလင့္ ၂၀၀၈ နာဂစ္ဆုိက္ကလုန္သမုန္တိုင္သကို ကိုင္တဌယ္ေဆာင္ရဌက္ရန္ ဝန္ႀကီသခ်ဳပ္ ညသသိန္သစိန္ကို တာဝန္ေပသအပ္ခဲ့ေၟကာင္သ စစ္တပ္ႏလင့္ နီသစပ္သည့္ သတင္သအျမစ္မ်ာသအရ သိရလိရသည္။ နာဂစ္ဆိုက္ကလုန္သဒဏ္ခံရသည့္ ေဒသသို႔ သဌာသေရာက္ စစ္ေဆသသည့္ အခါ ထိုစဥ္က ဝန္ႀကီသခ်ဳပ္အျဖစ္ တာဝန္ထမ္သေဆာင္ခဲ့သည့္ ညသသိန္သစိန္ကို တုန္လႈပ္ေစခဲ့ေၟကာင္သ သမ၌တႀကီသ ညသသိန္သစိန္၏ လက္ေထာက္ႏလင့္ နီသစပ္သူ တစ္ညသက Asia Time Online သို႔ ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။
ျပည္သူမ်ာသ၏ ေၟကကဌဲမႈမ်ာသကို ေျဖသိမ့္ေပသလိုသည့္ စစ္သာသမ်ာသ၊ ေကာင္သမဌန္သည့္ ရည္ရဌယ္ခ်က္ ရလိသည့္ စစ္သည္မ်ာသလည္သ ရလိေၟကာင္သ ျမန္မာ့ေရသရာကၜဌမ္သက်င္သူ David Steinberg က ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။ ယင္သစစ္သာသမ်ာသသည္ စစ္တပ္၏ ဂုဏ္သိကၡာကို အဖတ္ဆယ္လိုသူ၊ အမ်ိဳသသာသေရသစိတ္ဓာတ္ ျပင္သထန္ သူမ်ာသ ျဖစ္ေၟကာင္သလည္သ ၄င္သက ဆက္လက္ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။ 

ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲမႈမ်ာသကို ယေန႔အခ်ိန္ထိ အဆက္မျပတ္ အေကာင္အထည္ေဖာ္ေနသည္ကို ေတဌ႔ရလိရသည္။ ရထာသဝန္ႀကီသ ညသေအာင္မင္သသည္ တိုင္သရင္သသာသလက္နက္ကိုင္မ်ာသႏလင့္ အပစ္အခတ္ရပ္စဲေရသ သေဘာ တူညီခ်က္ ရရလိရန္ ေစ့စပ္ညလိႏိႈင္သေဆာင္ရဌက္လလ်က္ ရလိသည္။ တိုင္သရင္သသာသ ေခါင္သေဆာင္ အခ်ိဳ႕ကလည္သ ရထာသဝန္ႀကီသ ညသေအာင္မင္သကို ယုံၟကည္ေၟကာင္သ သတင္သေထာက္မ်ာသကို ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။ 

သေဘာထာသတင္သမာမႈမ်ာသကို အဆုံသသတ္ရန္ႏလင့္ ဆက္ဆံေရသရုံသမ်ာသ ဖဌင့္လလစ္ႏိုင္ရန္အတဌက္ လဌန္ခဲ့သည့္ လတဌင္ သေဘာတူညီခ်က္ လက္မလတ္ေရသထိုသႏိုင္ခဲ့ေၟကာင္သ ( KNU) ေခါင္သေဆာင္ တစ္ညသက Asia Time Online သို႔ ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။ ( KNU) အေနျဖင့္ ရထာသလမ္သမ်ာသကို တိုက္ခိုက္ျခင္သကို ေရလာင္က်ဥ္ရမည္ ျဖစ္ေၟကာင္သ၊ ယင္သကို လိုက္နာေဆာင္ရဌက္လိမ့္မည္ဟုလည္သ ယုံၟကည္ေၟကာင္သ ရထာသဝန္ႀကီသ ညသေအာင္မင္သ က ( KNU) ကို ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။ ယခုႏလစ္ အေစာပိုင္သက ( KNU) သည္ ရထာသလမ္သမ်ာသကို တိုက္ခိုက္မႈမ်ာသ ရလိခဲ့သည္။ 

ပုဂၢိဳလ္ေရသအရ ခ်ဥ္သကပ္မႈသည္ ေနာက္ဆုံသတဌင္ လိုခ်င္သည့္ အေျဖႏလင့္ ေျပာင္သျပန္ ထဌက္ေပၚလာႏိုင္ ေၟကာင္သ၊ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္သစုၟကည္ႏလင့္ သမ၌တႀကီသ ညသသိန္သစိန္ၟကာသ ပုဂၢိဳလ္ေရသအရ ရင္သႏလီသမႈ ရလိေနေစကာမူ ေအာင္ျမင္မႈ မရႏိုင္ေၟကာင္သ ျမန္မာအပါအဝင္ ေဒသတဌင္သႏိုင္ငံမ်ာသသတဌင္ သံတမန္အျဖစ္ (၁၅)ႏလစ္ေက်ာ္ၟကာ ေဆာင္ရဌက္ခဲ့သည့္ ဥေရာပသံတမန္ တစ္ညသက ေျပာဆိုသည္။ ျဖစ္စဥ္တစ္ခုလုံသတဌင္သ ယင္သမလာ အဓိက အာသနည္သခ်က္တစ္ခု ျဖစ္ေၟကာင္သ၊ အဓိက ေဆာင္ရဌက္မည့္ မူၟကမ္သမရလိေၟကာင္သ၊ အေျခအေန မ်ာသ ေျပာင္သလဲ လာသည့္တိုင္ေအာင္ ယင္သကို ေန႔ခ်င္သညခ်င္သ ေဆာင္ရဌက္၍ ရႏိုင္မည္ မဟုတ္ေၟကာင္သ ၄င္သက ေျပာဆို ခဲ့သည္။
ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲမႈမ်ာသ ျဖစ္ေပၚခဲ့သည့္တိုင္ အက်င့္ပ်က္ျခာသစာသမႈမ်ာသႏလင့္ အၟကမ္သဖက္မႈမ်ာသ ဆက္လက္ ျဖစ္ေပၚေနပါက အႏၱရာယ္ ရလိေနႏိုင္ေသသေၟကာင္သ ႏလစ္ေပါင္သ(၂၀)အတဌင္သ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသို႔ ပထမဆုံသ အႀကိမ္ သဌာသေရာက္လည္ပတ္ခဲ့သည့္ ဒီမိုကေရစီေရသ တက္ၟကဌလႈပ္ရလာသမႈႏလင့္ ဖဌံ႔ၿဖိဳသတိုသတက္ေရသ ပညာရလင္တစ္ညသ ျဖစ္သည့္ ေအာင္ႏိုင္ညသက ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။
 
သေဘာထာသတင္သမာသူ ျဖစ္ေစ၊ သေဘာထာသေပ်ာ့ေပ်ာင္သသူ ျဖစ္ေစ အဓိက ေဆာင္ရဌက္ရမည့္ အခ်က္မလာ တည္ၿငိမ္သေရသႏလင့္ ၿငိမ္သခ်မ္သေရသ ျဖစ္သည္။ ယင္သကို စိုသရိမ္သျဖင့္ ႏိုင္ငံေရသအက်ဥ္သသာသမ်ာသ လႊတ္ေပသမည့္ အခ်က္ကို လအေတာ္ၟကာ ေႏလာင့္ေႏလသၟကန္႔ၟကာခဲ့သည္။ ထို႔ေၟကာင့္ ၂၀၀၇ သံဃာ့အေရသအခင္သတဌင္ ဖမ္သဆီသ၍ ေထာင္ဒဏ္(၆၈)ႏလစ္ ခ်မလတ္ျခင္သခံခဲ့ရသည့္ အရလင္ဂႏ၌ီရကို ျပန္လည္ဖမ္သဆီသခဲ့သည္။ 

ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္မလဎသႀကီသ သန္သေရႊ၏ ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲေရသလမ္သစဥ္မလာလည္သ ယင္သအတဌက္ေၟကာင့္ ေႏလာင့္ေႏလသ ၟကန္႔ၟကာ ခဲ့ျခင္သ ျဖစ္သည္။ အာဏာကို မလ်ေဝရန္အတဌက္သာ ရည္ရဌယ္ခဲ့ျခင္သျဖစ္သည္။ မည္သူတစ္ညသ တစ္ေယာက္မလ် အာဏာရလင္ဆန္စဌာျဖင့္ ၄င္သ၏မိသာသစုႏလင့္ စည္သစိမ္ဥစၥာကို မၿခိမ္သေျခာက္ ႏိုင္ေစရန္ ရည္ရဌယ္ သည္။ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္မလဎသႀကီသ သန္သေရႊသည္ ကာလရလည္ၟကာအာဏာရလင္ ျဖစ္ခဲ့သည့္ ညသေနဝင္သ၏ မိသာသစုအဖဌဲ႔ဝင္ မ်ာသကို ဖမ္သဆီသခဲ့သည္။

လူႀကီသလူေကာင္သသေဘာတူညီခ်က္ 

မည္သို႔ပင္ျဖစ္ေစ သမ၌တႀကီသညသသိန္သစိန္၊ ေအာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္ ဥကၠဌ သူရညသေရႊမန္သႏလင့္ ကာကဌယ္ေရသ ညသစီသခ်ဳပ္ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္ႀကီသမင္သေအာင္လိႈင္တို႔သည္ လူႀကီသလူေကာင္သ သေဘာတူညီခ်က္သို႔ အေရာက္ သဌာသႏိုင္ ေၟကာင္သ ႀကိဳတင္မျမင္ႏိုင္ခဲ့ေပ။ အဆိုပါ သေဘာတူညီခ်က္သည္ အရလိန္ရလာၿပီသ ေရဌသေကာက္ပဌဲ ျဖစ္စဥ္တဌင္ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္သစုၟကည္ပါဝင္လာၿပီသ ျပည္သူ႔ေထာက္ခံမႈလည္သ ရရလိလာသည္။ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္မလဎသႀကီသ သန္သေရႊႏလင့္ သူရညသေရႊမန္သကို ေက်ာ္၍ ညသသိန္သစိန္ကို သမ၌တအျဖစ္ ေရဌသခ်ယ္ခဲ့သည္။ သူရညသေရႊမန္သကို လက္ညလိဳသေထာင္ ေခါင္သညိမ့္လုပ္ရသည့္ ေအာက္လႊတ္ေတာ္ ဥကၠအျဖစ္သာ ေရဌသခ်ယ္ခဲ့သည္။ ထို႔ေၟကာင့္ ေရဌသေကာက္ပဌဲ ျဖစ္စဥ္တဌင္ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္သစုၟကည္ႏလင့္ NLD ပါဝင္လာမႈကို ေထာက္ခံခဲ့သည္။ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ၏ လႊတ္ေတာ္ကို အေမရိကန္ျပည္ေထာင္စု၏ လႊတ္ေတာ္ကဲ့သို႔ ျဖစ္ေစခ်င္ေၟကာင္သ သူရညသေရႊမန္သက အေမရိကန္ ႏိုင္ငံျခာသေရသဝန္ႀကီသ ဟီလာရီကလင္တန္ကို ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။


အေရသႀကီသသည့္ ေဆာင္ရဌက္စရာမ်ာသကို လုပ္ေဆာင္ခဲ့ၿပီသ ျဖစ္ေၟကာင္သ၊ လာမည့္ၟကာသျဖတ္ေရဌသေကာက္ပဌဲကို လဌတ္လပ္၍ တရာသမလ်တစဌာ က်င္သပသဌာသမည္ ျဖစ္ေၟကာင္သ ဥေရာပသမဂၢဖဌံ႔ၿဖိဳသေရသဝန္ႀကီသ Andris Piebalgs က ယခုသီတင္သပတ္ အေစာပိုင္သက ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။ ၟကာသျဖတ္ေရဌသေကာက္ပဌဲသည္ အနာဂတ္ လူႀကီသလူေကာင္သ သေဘာတူညီခ်က္၏ လာသရာကို ေဖာ္ျပမည္ ျဖစ္သည္။ ၟကာသျဖတ္ေရဌသေကာက္ပဌဲသည္ ျပည္ေထာင္စုႀကံ့ခိုင္ေရသႏလင့္ ဖဌံ႔ၿဖိဳသေရသပါတီအေပၚတဌင္လည္သ အက်ိဳသသက္ေရာက္မည္ ျဖစ္ၿပီသ ၂၀၁၅ ခုႏလစ္ အေထဌေထဌ ေရဌသေကာက္ပဌဲတဌင္ ခက္ခက္ခဲခဲ ယလဥ္ၿပိဳင္ၟကရမည္ ျဖစ္သည္။ 

ညသသိန္သစိန္သည္ သမ၌တသက္တမ္သတစ္ခုတဌင္သာ ေဆာင္ရဌက္မည္ ျဖစ္ေၟကာင္သ တိုသတိုသတိတ္တိတ္ ေျပာဆို ထာသသည္။ သူရညသေရႊမန္သသည္ ၂၀၁၅ အေထဌေထဌေရဌသေကာက္ပဌဲတဌင္ ဝင္ေရာက္ယလဥ္ၿပိဳင္၍ သမ၌တအျဖစ္ ေဆာင္ရဌက္ရန္ ရည္မလန္သထာသသူ ျဖစ္သည္။ ယင္သသို႔ေဆာင္ရဌက္ရာတဌင္ ညသေအာင္ေသာင္သ၊ ညသေဌသညသႏလင့္ ေမာင္ေမာင္သိန္သ စသည့္ သေဘာထာသတင္သမာသူမ်ာသ အပါအဝင္ အျခာသအတာသအဆီသ မ်ာသကိုလည္သ ေက်ာ္ျဖတ္ရဖဌယ္ရလိသည္ဟု သူရညသေရႊမန္သ၏ အႀကံေပသမ်ာသ၏ ေျပာဆိုခ်က္အရ သိရလိရသည္။
အစိုသရအဖဌဲ႔အတဌင္သ သူရညသေရႊမန္သႏလင့္ မဟာမိတ္မ်ာသ၏ ေမလ်ာ္လင့္ခ်က္မလာ ၟကာသျဖတ္ေရဌသေကာက္ပဌဲတဌင္ NLD ပါတီက တစ္ဖက္ေစာင္သနင္သအႏိုင္ရရလိပါက ျပဳျပင္ေျပာင္သလဲေရသကို ဆန္႔က်င္ေနသည့္ သေဘာထာသ တင္သမာသသူမ်ာသကို ဖယ္ထုတ္ရန္ႏလင့္ သန္႔ရလင္သေသာ အစိုသရကို တည္ေဆာက္ရန္အတဌက္ ႏိုင္ငံေရသ ဆင္ေျခ ဆင္လတ္ တစ္ခု ရရလိၿပီသ အေထာက္အကူ ျဖစ္ေစႏိုင္သည္ ဆိုသည့္ အခ်က္ပင္ ျဖစ္သည္။ 

ထူသျခာသသည့္အခ်က္မလာ သမ၌တႀကီသ ညသသိန္သစိန္ႏလင့္ အဖဌဲ႔သည္ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္သစုၟကည္ကို ေထာက္ခံ ေၟကာင္သ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္သစုၟကည္ အတၳဳပတၱိကို ေရသသာသခဲ့သည့္ စာေရသဆရာတစ္ညသလည္သ ျဖစ္၊ ၿဗိတိန္ ပညာရလင္တစ္ညသလည္သ ျဖစ္သူ Justin Wintle က ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။ ယင္သလကၡဏာမလာ အဆိုသျမင္စရာ မဟုတ္ေၟကာင္သ၊ ႏိုင္ငံေရသၿပိဳင္ဘက္မ်ာသႏလင့္ သေဘာတူညီခ်က္ ရယူႏိုင္သည့္ နည္သလမ္သတစ္ခုမလာ ပူသေပါင္သေဆာင္ရဌက္သည့္ နည္သလမ္သျဖစ္ေၟကာင္သ၊ သို႔ေသာ္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ၏ ေျပာင္သလဲမႈျဖစ္စဥ္မလာ စစ္မလန္သည့္ ေျပာင္သလဲမႈတစ္ခုဟု ဆိုရန္မလာ ျခဌင္သခ်က္တစ္ခုထာသရလိရညသမည္ ျဖစ္ေၟကာင္သ ၄င္သက သုံသသပ္ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။

Credit :Tin Nwe Facebook


  1. Thank you for using the term Myanmar. I have noticed the change in usage in your article(s). The change in the usage from Burma to Myanmar by respective actors serve as a benchmark in acknowledging the reform process carried out by the Government. We can say the reform process is said to be in full swing with everybody onboard when DASSK start to use the term Myanmar.

    Maung Myanmar

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