UN envoy speaks out on Burma's lack of human rights progress (interview)

The UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights in Burma says there is a contradiction between the promises of reform being made by the government and the reality of the situation.

Tomas Ojea Quintana spent five days in Burma, the first time he's been given a visa since February last year. 

He says there is currently a window of opportunity for change, but thinks there have been few concrete signs of meaningful reform. 

Mr Quintana once again called for political prisoners to be released and warned any exiles who take up the invitation of the President's invitation to return to the country may face the risk of arbitrary arrest.

Presenter: Liam CochraneSpeaker: Tomas Ojea Quintana, UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights in Burma

QUINTANA: The government has taken a number of steps that has in my opinion the potential for the improvement of human rights. The problem is that we need to see concrete actions from the government so that those steps are translated into reality.

COCHRANE: And one of the big outstanding issues is political prisoners. Do you believe that we're seeing constructive moves to free political prisoners?

QUINTANA: During my five day mission to the country I had several meetings with all authorities concerned; Home Minister first, Minister of Defence, Foreign Minister, even the presidential advisory board. With all of them I called for the release of prisoners trying to make them understand that the whole international community, including the Secretary General of the United Nations, Mr Ban Ki Moon, but also the General Assembly, the Human Rights Council, and even ASEAN members, neighbouring countries from Myanmar have been calling for the release. Now I do not have at the moment any concrete information or sign that the government is willing at this moment to proceed with this international obligation.

COCHRANE: You also visited the notorious Insein Prison where many of the political prisoners are held. What were your impressions there?

QUINTANA: Yes I met seven prisoners of conscience, all of them according to my opinion. persecuted for just expressing their own ideas. There is one for example who was just incarcerated because they sent a letter to the Secretary General of the United Nations, only for that reason he was put in prison. Let me also tell you about a girl who was also incarcerated just because of the political activities of her father. Her father was also in jail, her brother was also in jail and she was also in jail. These people deserved to be released according to their own human rights and the situation. There are many, many prisoners in Myanmar who deserve at this moment to be released, so this process towards democracy that the government is claiming they are facing, has (to be) real meaningful.

COCHRANE: It's been reported that some of the prisoners are used for forced labour for the military, mostly as porters. Was this something that you raised with government officials?


QUINTANA: I specifically raised the issue with the Minister of Defence. The government, and in this case the Minister of Defence categorically denied that the military used prisoners and even villagers as porters, and here there is a serious contradiction because my assessment according to information that I have been receiving, is that the government is still using widespread porters across the country.

COCHRANE: The Burmese government recently invited exiles to return home, those who had been advocating for democracy outside of the country. Do you believe that they would be at risk of being arrested if they did return?

QUINTANA: The situation is that those who at this moment may decide to express their opinions against authorities may face the risk to be arrested arbitrarily.

COCHRANE: You were also able to meet with Aung San Suu Kyi this time around. Was she broadly optimistic about the changes that are occurring in the country?

QUINTANA: I won't speak on her behalf. My impression is that there is a window of opportunity in the country. The challenge is if this window of opportunity brings real change in the near future, there is not enough time while people are suffering human rights abuses. So this opportunity has to be translated immediately into action.

Listen the interview :click here

Burma’s Leadership Tries Plan B


Desperate for international legitimacy, Burma’s new president has been keen to give the impression of change in the country. ASEAN shouldn’t be fooled.


In May, I wrote in The Diplomat how Burma’s new dictator had experienced a tough start to his presidency. Rigged elections held last November, and then the release of Aung San Suu Kyi, were part of a plan by the dictatorship to gain acceptance by the international community. When Burma’s new parliament opened and Thein Sein made a grand speech promising change, he was undoubtedly hoping that his government would finally gain the legitimacy it craves. 

But things didn’t go according to planned. First, the United States, the European Union, and Canada refused to relax economic sanctions. Then came the blow that must have hurt most of all: the Association for Southeast Asian Nations delayed a decision on whether Burma could assume chairmanship of the organisation when its turn comes in 2014.
Now Thein Sein is back with Plan B, a new charm offensive designed to create the impression of change, while so far not making any actual changes at all. A flurry of new initiatives took place over the summer. Talks were held with Aung San Suu Kyi, first with Aung Kyi, a specially assigned liaison minister, and then with President Thein Sein himself. Slogans attacking exiled media organisations were dropped from state-owned newspapers, Aung San Suu Kyi was allowed to travel outside Rangoon, political exiles were told they could return home, and there was an offer of a ceasefire to armed ethnic political groups.
Then, last week, the UN Special Rapporteur was allowed back into Burma, after effectively being banned after calling for the United Nations to establish a commission of inquiry into possible war crimes and crimes against humanity in Burma. In a masterstroke, he was taken to the new parliament, a move seen by many as conferring legitimacy on that powerless rubber stamp affront to democracy.

These series of initiatives have generated great excitement in diplomatic circles and in the media. But if one goes through them one by one, two extraordinary things stand out. First, not one of these initiatives is substantive, and, second, not one of them is even new.
Aung San Suu Kyi and Burma’s democracy movement have identified three top priorities for change: the release of political prisoners, a nationwide ceasefire and genuine dialogue. Despite all the recent initiatives, and all the positive attention they’ve received, not one political prisoner has been released, and indeed two more were sentenced last week. Thein Sein’s government has been breaking ceasefire agreements, not making new ones, and there have been talks but still no dialogue process.

For those of us who have followed Burma for many years, there’s also an eerie sense of dรฉjร  vu. Thein Sein hasn’t taken any steps that his predecessors Than Shwe or Ne Win hadn’t already taken. They didn’t lead to change then, and they should be treated with scepticism now. The only thing that is new is that these initiatives have come so close together.
This haste could be explained by Thein Sein’s desperate desire to win the ASEAN chairmanship. Plan B appears to be presenting the impression of change, without doing anything at all different.

In May, I argued that ASEAN could use the chairmanship as an opportunity to force Thein Sein to make small steps toward real reform. That opportunity is still there today. ASEAN didn’t accept the elections and release of Aung San Suu Kyi as substantive change and it shouldn’t accept this charm offensive as substantive change either.

ASEAN must hold its ground and force Thein Sein to resort to Plan C, namely actual substantive steps, such as the release of political prisoners. ASEAN can offer Thein Sein what he wants, and that’s far too much leverage to be given away cheaply.

Baroness Glenys Kinnock is Chair of the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Democracy in Burma, in the British Parliament. She is a former minister in the British Foreign Office and a former MEP.

Credit : The Dilpomat

แ€’ုแ€€แกแ€žแ€Š္ ျแ€•แ€”္แ€œแ€€္แ€ံေแ€›းแ€€ို แ€กแ€…ိုးแ€›แ€•ိုแ€„္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€…ာแ€™်ားแ€€ แ€™ေแ€–แšျแ€•

แ€˜แ€‚ၤแ€œာေแ€’แ€်္แ‚• แ€กแ€…ိုးแ€›แ€€ แ€žူႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€กแ€ြแ€„္း ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€›ွိေแ€”ေแ€žာ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€žားแ€™်ားแ€€ို แ€œแ€€္แ€ံ แ€šူแ€›แ€”္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာ แ€กแ€…ိုးแ€›ႏွแ€„့္ ေแ€†ြးေႏြးแ€›ာแ€ြแ€„္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€˜แ€€္แ€€ แ€กျแ€•ဳแ€žေแ€˜ာ แ€ုแ€”္แ‚•ျแ€•แ€”္แ€ဲ့แ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿု ေแ€€်แ€Šာแ€်แ€€္ แ€‘ုแ€္ျแ€•แ€”္ေแ€žာ္แ€œแ€Š္း แ€กแ€†ိုแ€•ါแ€€ိแ€…แฅႏွแ€„့္ แ€•แ€္แ€žแ€€္ျแ€•ီး แ€กแ€…ိုးแ€›แ€•ိုแ€„္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€…ာแ€™်ားแ€ြแ€„္ แ€แ€œံုး แ€แ€•ါแ€’แ€™ွ် ေแ€–แšျแ€•แ€‘ားျแ€แ€„္း แ€™แ€›ွိေแพแ€€ာแ€„္း แ€žိแ€›แ€žแ€Š္။ 




ႏွแ€…္แ€˜แ€€္ แ€€ုိแ€š္แ€…ားแ€œွแ€š္แ€™်ား ေแ€”ျแ€•แ€Š္ေแ€ာ္ ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံျแ€ားေแ€›း แ€แ€”္แพแ€€ီးแ€Œာแ€”แ€ြแ€„္ ေแ€†ြးေႏြး ေแ€”แ€…แ€ฅ္။แพแ€žแ€‚แ€္แ€…္แ€œ แ‚แˆ แ€›แ€€္ေแ€”แ‚•แ€‘ုแ€္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာ แ€กแ€…ိုးแ€›แ€•ိုแ€„္ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€…ာแ€ြแ€„္ ေแ€†ြးေႏြးแ€•ြဲ၏ แ€ျแ€ား แ€กေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€กแ€›ာแ€™်ားแ€€ို ေแ€–แšျแ€•ေแ€žာ္แ€œแ€Š္း แ€˜แ€‚ၤแ€œာေแ€’แ€်္แ‚•แ€ြแ€„္ ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€›ွိေแ€”ေแ€žာ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€žားแ€™်ား ျแ€•แ€”္แ€œแ€€္แ€ံေแ€›းแ€€ိแ€…แฅแ€€ို แ€แ€…ံုแ€แ€›ာ ေแ€–แšျแ€•แ€‘ားျแ€แ€„္း แ€™แ€›ွိေแ€်။ 

ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€…ာแ€™်ားแ€€ " ေแ€†ြးေႏြးแ€•ြဲ၌ ႏွแ€…္ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€€ိုแ€š္แ€…ားแ€œွแ€š္แ€กแ€–ြဲแ‚• ေแ€ါแ€„္းေแ€†ာแ€„္แ€™်ားแ€žแ€Š္ ႏွแ€…္ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံ แ€†แ€€္แ€†ံေแ€›းႏွแ€„့္ ႏွแ€…္ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€กแพแ€€ား แ€•ူးေแ€•ါแ€„္းေแ€†ာแ€„္แ€›ြแ€€္ေแ€”แ€žแ€Š့္ แ€€ုแ€”္แ€žြแ€š္ေแ€›း၊ แ€œแ€š္แ€šာแ€…ိုแ€€္แ€•်ိဳးေแ€›း၊ แ€…ြแ€™္းแ€กแ€„္၊ ေแ€›แ€กားแ€œွ်แ€•္แ€…แ€…္แ€…ီแ€™ံแ€€ိแ€”္း၊ แ€žแ€š္แ€šူแ€•ိုแ‚”ေแ€†ာแ€„္ေแ€›း၊ แ€†แ€€္แ€žြแ€š္ေแ€›း၊ แ€žแ€แ€„္းႏွแ€„့္แ€”แ€Š္းแ€•แ€Šာ၊ แ€šแ€ฅ္ေแ€€်းแ€™ႈႏွแ€„့္ แ€แ€›ီးแ€žြားแ€œုแ€•္แ€„แ€”္းแ€…แ€žแ€Š့္ แ€”แ€š္แ€•แ€š္แ€€แ‚‘แ€™်ားแ€ြแ€„္ แ€•ူးေแ€•ါแ€„္းေแ€†ာแ€„္แ€›ြแ€€္แ€™ႈ แ€ိုးျแ€™ႇแ€„့္ေแ€›း၊ แ€€ုแ€œแ€žแ€™แ€‚ၢႏွแ€„့္ แ€กျแ€•แ€Š္ျแ€•แ€Š္ แ€†ိုแ€„္แ€›ာแ€กแ€–ြဲแ‚•แ€กแ€…แ€Š္းแ€™်ား แ€”แ€š္แ€•แ€š္แ€ြแ€„္ แ€•ိုแ€™ိုแ€•ူးေแ€•ါแ€„္းေแ€†ာแ€„္แ€›ြแ€€္ေแ€›း แ€€ိแ€…แฅแ€›แ€•္แ€™်ားแ€€ို แ€›แ€„္းႏွီးแ€•ြแ€„့္แ€œแ€„္းแ€…ြာ แ€กျแ€™แ€„္แ€်แ€„္းแ€–แ€œွแ€š္ ေแ€†ြးေႏြးแ€ဲ့แพแ€€แ€žแ€Š္" แ€Ÿု ေแ€–แšျแ€•แ€žแ€Š္။ 

ေแ€†ြးေႏြးแ€•ြဲแ€€ို ေแ€”ျแ€•แ€Š္ေแ€ာ္แ€ြแ€„္ แพแ€žแ€‚แ€္แ€…္แ€œ แ‚แ… แ€›แ€€္ေแ€”แ‚•แ€€ ျแ€•ဳแ€œုแ€•္แ€ဲ့แ€žแ€Š္။ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€˜แ€€္แ€™ွ ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံျแ€ားေแ€›း แ€’ုแ€แ€”္แพแ€€ီး แ€ฆးေแ€™ာแ€„္ျแ€™แ€„့္ แ€ฆးေแ€†ာแ€„္ေแ€žာ แ€€ုိแ€š္แ€…ားแ€œွแ€š္ แ€กแ€–ြဲแ‚•แ€€ แ€แ€€္ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€ဲ့ျแ€•ီး แ€˜แ€‚ၤแ€œာေแ€’แ€်္แ‚•แ€˜แ€€္แ€™ွ ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံျแ€ားေแ€›း แ€กแ€ြแ€„္းแ€แ€”္ แ€™แ€…แฅแ€ာแ€™ိုแ€Ÿာแ€™แ€€္ แ€™ီแ€‚်ာแ€›ူးแ€ါးแ€›ားแ€…္ แ€ฆးေแ€†ာแ€„္ေแ€žာ แ€€ုိแ€š္แ€…ားแ€œွแ€š္ แ€กแ€–ြဲแ‚• แ€แ€€္ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€ဲ့แ€žแ€Š္။

แ€šแ€ု ေแ€†ြးေႏြးแ€•ြဲแ€™ွာ แ€•แ€ฅแฅแ€™แ€กแพแ€€ိแ€™္ေျแ€™ာแ€€္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာ-แ€˜แ€‚ၤแ€œားေแ€’့แ€်္ ႏွแ€…္ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံ ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံျแ€ားေแ€›း แ€แ€”္แพแ€€ီးแ€Œာแ€”แ€™်ား แ€กแพแ€€ား แ€’ုแ€ိแ€šแ€แ€”္แพแ€€ီး၊ แ€กแ€ြแ€„္းแ€แ€”္ แ€กแ€†แ€„့္ แ€Šိႈႏိႈแ€„္းေแ€†ြးေႏြးแ€•ဲြ ျแ€–แ€…္ေแพแ€€ာแ€„္း แ€žိแ€›แ€žแ€Š္။

แ€˜แ€‚ၤแ€œာေแ€’แ€်္แ‚• แ€กแ€…ိုးแ€›แ€™ွ แ€žူႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€ြแ€„္ แ€แ€”္แ€‘ုแ€္ แ€แ€”္แ€•ိုး ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€”ေแ€žာ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€žားแ€™်ားแ€€ို ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာ ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€žိုแ‚• ျแ€•แ€”္แ€•ိုแ‚•ေแ€›းแ€€ို ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာႏွแ€„့္ ေแ€ြแ‚•แ€†ံု ေแ€†ြးေႏြးแ€•ြဲแ€ိုแ€„္းแ€ြแ€„္ แ€แ€„္ျแ€• ေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုေแ€žာ္แ€œแ€Š္း ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€˜แ€€္แ€€ แ€œแ€€္แ€ံแ€œိုေแพแ€€ာแ€„္း แ€žံแ€แ€™แ€”္แ€”แ€Š္းแ€กแ€› ေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုแ€›ံုแ€™ွ แ€กแ€• แ€œแ€€္ေแ€ြแ‚•แ€ြแ€„္ แ€แ€…ံုแ€แ€›ာ แ€กေแ€€ာแ€„္ แ€กแ€‘แ€Š္ေแ€–แš ေแ€†ာแ€„္แ€›ြแ€€္ျแ€แ€„္း แ€™แ€›ွိေแพแ€€ာแ€„္း แ€žိแ€›แ€žแ€Š္။

ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€™ွ แ€™ြแ€္แ€†แ€œแ€„္ แ€’ုแ€€แกแ€žแ€Š္แ€™်ားแ€€ို แ€œแ€€္แ€ံแ€‘ားแ€›ာ ေแ€€ာ့ေแ€ာ แ€•ေแ€œာแ€„္ แ€’ုแ€€แกแ€žแ€Š္ แ€…แ€แ€”္းแ€™ွ แ€’ုแ€€แกแ€žแ€Š္ แ€แ€…္แ€ฆးแ€กား ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံ แ€กแ€…ိုးแ€›แ€™ွ แ€กแ€ုแ€กแ€ါ แ€’ုแ€€แกแ€žแ€Š္แ€™်ားแ€€ို ျแ€•แ€”္แ€œแ€Š္ แ€œแ€€္แ€ံแ€›แ€”္ ေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုေแ€”ျแ€•ီ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€žျแ€–แ€„့္ ျแ€•แ€”္แ€œိုแ€•ါแ€žแ€œားแ€Ÿု ေแ€™းျแ€™แ€”္းแ€›ာ แ€žူแ€€ แ€šแ€ုแ€œိုေျแ€•ာแ€žแ€Š္။ 

" แ€€แฝြแ€”္ေแ€ာ္แ€ိုแ‚•แ€€ို ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€กแ€…ိုးแ€›แ€€ ျแ€•แ€”္ แ€œแ€€္แ€ံแ€™แ€š္แ€†ိုแ€ာแ€€ို แ€€แฝြแ€”္ေแ€ာ္แ€ိုแ‚• แ€™แ€šံုแ€˜ူး။ แ€กแ€€แ€š္၍ แ€€แฝြแ€”္ေแ€ာ္แ€ိုแ‚•แ€€ို ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€€ို ျแ€•แ€”္แ€•ိုแ‚•แ€™แ€š္แ€†ိုแ€›แ€„္ แ€€แฝြแ€”္ေแ€ာ္แ€ိုแ‚•แ€€ို ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€žား แ€กျแ€–แ€…္ แ€กแ€žိแ€กแ€™ွแ€္ ျแ€•ဳแ€›แ€™แ€š္။ แ€Ÿိုေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€›แ€„္ แ€€แฝြแ€”္ေแ€ာ္แ€ိုแ‚• แ€œแ€š္ေျแ€™ေแ€ြแ€€ို แ€€แฝြแ€”္ေแ€ာ္แ€ိုแ‚•แ€€ို ျแ€•แ€”္ေแ€•းแ€›แ€™แ€š္။ แ€œြแ€္แ€œแ€•္แ€…ြာ แ€แ€›ီးแ€žြားแ€œာแ€ြแ€„့္ ျแ€•ဳแ€›แ€™แ€š္။ แ€’ီแ€œို แ€กแ€်แ€€္ေแ€ြแ€›แ€™ွ ျแ€•แ€”္แ€™แ€š္။ แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္แ€›แ€„္ แ€™ျแ€•แ€”္ႏိုแ€„္แ€•ါแ€˜ူး" แ€Ÿု ေျแ€•ာแ€žแ€Š္။ 

ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€™ွ ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€›ွိေแ€”ေแ€žာ แ€’ုแ€€แกแ€žแ€Š္แ€™်ားแ€€ို แ€˜แ€‚ၤแ€œာေแ€’แ€်္แ‚• แ€กแ€…ိုးแ€›แ€€ แ€žူแ‚•ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံ แ€กแ€ြแ€„္း แ€™แ€‘ားแ€œိုေแ€žာ္แ€œแ€Š္း ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာ แ€กแ€…ိုးแ€›แ€™ွ แ€œแ€€္แ€ံแ€šူแ€›แ€”္ แ€…ိแ€္แ€†ႏแต แ€™แ€›ွိျแ€แ€„္းႏွแ€„့္ แ€˜แ€‚ၤแ€œာေแ€’แ€်္แ‚•แ€€ို ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€›ွိေแ€”แ€žာ แ€™ြแ€္แ€†แ€œแ€„္ แ€’ုแ€€แกแ€žแ€Š္ แ€กแ€™်ားแ€…ုแ€€แ€œแ€Š္း ျแ€•แ€”္แ€œို แ€…ိแ€္ แ€™แ€›ွိျแ€แ€„္းေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ แ€กแ€†ိုแ€•ါ แ€’ုแ€€แกแ€žแ€Š္ ျแ€•แ€”္แ€•ိုแ‚•ေแ€› ျแ€•ႆแ€”ာแ€™ွာ ေျแ€–แ€›ွแ€„္း၍ แ€™แ€›แ€˜ဲ แ€†แ€š္แ€…ုႏွแ€…္ႏွแ€„့္ แ€်ီျแ€•ီး แ€œိแ€•္แ€ဲแ€แ€Š္းแ€œแ€Š္း ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€”ျแ€แ€„္း ျแ€–แ€…္แ€žแ€Š္။ 


Credit:แ€”ိแ€›แ€ฅแนแ€›ာแ€žแ€แ€„္း

Prisons act reform proposal rejected by Home Minister

By AHUNT PHONE MYAT
Insein Jail, Rangoon (Google earth)
 
A proposal submitted to the People’s Parliament by Thingangyun township MP, Thein Nyunt, to reform the Prison’s act, has been rejected by the speaker of the house because the speaker said the Home Ministry was already drafting a revised Prisons Act.
While no discussion of an amnesty has taken place, despite reports to the contrary in the state mouth piece the New Light of Myanmar.
The Prisons Act proposal by Thein Nyunt intended; “to provide necessary arrangements for drafting a bill of the Prisons Act, which is agreeable to the 21st century and guarantee human dignity and to introduce the bill to the third regular session of the first Pyithu Hluttaw”.
Pe Than, People’s Parliament representative of Arakan State’s Myebon township told DVB that;
“There were six non-USDP representatives who discussed in favour of [Thein Nyunt’s proposal] and three USDP representatives argued against it. The Home Affairs minister said his ministry was already preparing to submit the bill in the parliament and the [parliament] speaker decided to only keep a record of U Thein Nyunt’s proposal without giving him a chance to argue back,” said Pe Than.
Whilst on Home Affairs Minister, Lieutenant General Ko Ko’s discussion on the bill, Pe Than added that;
“It is not yet revealed which sections [of the prisons act] will be changed – he just spoke generally and said that there have been preparations to change some, if not all, sections in the law regarding the worst situations such as issues with food, accommodation, solitary confinement, transferring of inmates to remote prisons, inmates not being allowed to get medical assistance or to read books and newspapers, non-judicial punishment by prison officials.”
There will be concern that the Prisons Act revision by the Home Ministry will therefore not carry the necessary legislation that prevents torture and inhuman treatment of prisoners as critics and former inmates allege is routine in Burma’s prison system.
Thein Nyunt said: “We have to shine a spotlight and ensure, when the parliament discusses this new prisons act, that it is in accordance with the article 44 of the constitution, that; No penalty shall be prescribed that violates human dignity and also the United Nations’ Declaration of Human Rights, that states that; No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.”
A question regarding prison laws was also raised in the National Parliament yesterday where regional judges are to continue to submit prison reports to the Union Supreme Court as provided in the 1962 Prisons Act.
Upholding any law, debated in parliament or not, will continue to be problematic with the rule of law seemingly ignored as trials take place behind closed doors and with judges like the vast majority of MPs are appointees of the military, and seriously lacking in autonomy.
Link:   :http://www.dvb.no/news/17351/17351

Parliament rejects reform of emergency act

By AHUNT PHONE MYAT

A proposal in the People’s Parliament made by Thingangyun township’s representative Thein Nyunt to revoke the 1950 Emergency Provisions Act has been rejected by a vote in parliament yesterday.
Independent MP Thein Nyint submitted a proposal to the People’s Parliament to abolish the 1950 Emergency Provisions Act, that was adopted under the pretext of an on-going civil war at the time, along with criminal laws relating to it.
His proposal was discussed by four Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) representatives and the parliament voted on whether to accept it or not – the results showed there were 336 votes against, 8 in favour and 41 abstaining votes, said representative Pe Than of Myebon township in Arakan State.
“All parliament representatives who discussed about the proposal spoke out against it and the Union Minister Ko Ko insisted that it should be rejected,” said Pe Than.
When the parliament’s speaker asked for U Thein Nyunt’s opinion, he called to parliament to go for a vote ‘democratically’ so the parliament conducting a voting by headcount.
“All 336 representatives from the military and the USDP stood against the proposal,” said Pe Than.
Thein Nyunt said he; “happily accepted the loss.”
He said he understood the rejection of his proposal showed that the situation with the civil war back in 1950 is still continuing, citing discussions by two USDP representatives from Karen State’s Myawaddy and Kachin State.
“According to their discussion, the country is not yet at peace – there are still external and internal destructive elements – so it is necessary to have the [emergency act] under security concerns,” said Thein Nyunt.
The parliament is overwhelmingly dominated by the military either serving or retired, with 25% of seats reserved automatically for the military and alleged widespread vote rigging in favour of the military proxy party the USDP.
The 1950 Emergency Provisions Act and relating criminal laws were passed by a parliament while the country was wracked by civil war as communists and Karen secessionists fought with the Burmese state. Critics allege that it is widely used by the Burmese government to persecute political activists and journalists.
Article 5 of the law makes it illegal to; “spread false news” or to “to rally people” or “to make the public lose trust in the State’s economy.”
Link:   :http://www.dvb.no/news/parliament-rejects-reform-of-emergency-act/17366

Rohingya issue raise in First Pyithu Hluttaw second regular section




In the 1911 census, the Rohingyas were included with the Indian population as an ethnic group Indian origin. The reason given was that they looked more like Indians than like Burmese. On the other, the census of 1921 mentions the Rohingyas as really Arakanese. But so close to Indians that "the phenomenon is as much an annexation of India.... 44However, these census anomaly of counting the Rohingyas as Indians no doubt contributed to the present controversy over the Rohingyas origin in Burma. But the Rohingyas claim that in terms of their culture they are neither Indian nor Burmese. A British army officer, who served in the Arakan front during the Second World War remarked about the ethnic character of the Arakan Muslims as follows:

How the shameless Immigration Minister of Thien Sein's Govt. U Khin Ye answered the question of USDP MP Zahid Rhaman Tay Win, A Rohingya elected from Constituency 7 Arakan. Read as below newspapers.

Newspaper in English : click here
Newspaper in Burmese :click here







Myanmar Ahlin


Kyaymon

NewLight of Myanmar

Q&A - Why statelessness destroys lives – expert

Source: alertnet // Emma Batha
Stateless Rohingya children attend an English class in the Malaysian capital Kuala Lumpur, August 16, 2011. Rohingyas are an ethnic minority originating from Myanmar, but in 1982 Myanmar passed a law which made it impossible for them to get full citizenship. Many have fled to other Asian countries. Some live as refugees, others as illegal migrants. REUTERS/Bazuki Muhammad
This story is part of an AlertNet special report on statelessness
LONDON (AlertNet) - Tuesday marks the 50th anniversary of the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness. Maureen Lynch, an expert on statelessness, explains the plight faced by people who have no country to call home.

What does being stateless mean?
Stateless individuals live and die as almost invisible people. According to the 1954 Convention, a stateless person is someone who has no legal tie to any government, which means they don’t have any of the protection or rights associated with citizenship.  It affects most rights we take for granted – an identity, basic education, access to health, freedom of movement, the right to own property, even something like a cell phone. It affects people across their entire life span.
Why has there been so little attention paid to stateless people?
It’s very hard to paint a mental image of statelessness. When you say the word ‘refugee’ we can picture it in our minds. But when you say the word ‘stateless,’ until you’ve met someone who is stateless, and even afterwards, it’s hard to get your mind around the concept and how it impacts a person’s life. And statelessness can be complicated. Many cases are just not so simple to solve. There may be elements of deeply ingrained discrimination, whether racial, religious or ethnic.
What stands out among the stateless people you have met?
One of the most painful things to witness in the case of statelessness is the way it denies a person the chance to develop. I’ve met people with untapped talents and amazing potential who want to help the country where they believe they are citizens. Being denied the ability to contribute, and seeing their life going to waste is one of the most disturbing things. It’s heart-wrenching actually because they could do so much for the global good.
One story that comes to mind is the denationalised Kurds in Syria.  One highly educated man I met hauls refrigerators on his back. A trained lawyer was selling tea on the street.  And a promising young athlete was forced to borrow a friend’s name and ID to compete.
What is available to protect them?
Each context is slightly different, but generally speaking there are not a lot of protections.
One of the challenges with statelessness is that these people don’t have a voice – particularly a political voice – because they are afraid of making their situation even worse. So they can’t even speak for themselves in a way we would find among other marginalised populations.
We saw in the case of Bangladesh, for example, that it took well into the third decade of the Bihari, or the Urdu speaking population, for the young people to be able to say, ‘this is where I was born, this is the language I learned to speak and this is my country.’ And they were able to find someone to represent them in court.
But in so many cases you can’t take nationality issues to the courts. That is the problem in Kuwait for the bedouns (stateless Arabs).
Which countries are you watching right now?
The UNHCR (U.N. refugee agency) is closely monitoring developments in Sudan to guard against a stateless situation arising following South Sudan’s independence.
The United States is also paying very close attention to this. The main concern is for individuals from the South living in the North. It could be that the North says, ‘you have your own country now, we’re not going to let you be nationals of this country.’
There’s also more attention being paid to statelessness in the United Kingdom because of what’s happening with failed asylum seekers who can’t be returned to the country they came from – either because that country refuses them as a national or for other reasons – so they are left de facto stateless.
What should governments be doing?
Governments must uphold the nationality rights of everyone – to recognise citizenship in cases where it should be recognised, and at least as a minimum to evaluate cases where it is unclear.
They must also work towards gender equality in nationality laws – that’s another huge one. In many countries women can’t pass on their nationality to their children. Governments must also ensure birth registration of all children. That not only reduces statelessness, it’s also a means of prevention.
What else must be done?
Governments must ensure access to education for all people, including stateless people.
We should also pay particular attention to trafficking. People can either be trafficked because they are stateless, or become stateless because they are trafficked.
Detention is another issue that is often overlooked. People who are stateless and detained are doubly invisible. They have even less of a voice. Very little is known about their situation. I don’t think anyone has an estimate as to how many are behind bars. That’s part of the problem. And there is almost no one focusing on that.
Which cases of statelessness are the most pressing?
It’s very difficult to put one group in front of another. Because statelessness affects different populations in different ways, it’s very hard to compare. Large stateless groups such as the Rohinyga certainly warrant special attention, as do groups like the Kuwaiti bedoun who can’t take their case to the court. We have an extra responsibility to work on their behalf.
As told to Emma Batha.
Maureen Lynch is affiliated to the International Observatory on Statelessness. Previously she was Senior Advocate for Statelessness Initiatives at Refugees International.

Link:   :http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/qa-why-statelessness-destroys-lives-expert

Media Release From European Parliamentary Caucus on Burma

The European Parliamentary Caucus on Burma calls upon the European Union to officially support a United Nations Commission of Inquiry into war crimes and crimes against humanity, and include its establishment in the United Nations General Assembly resolution on Burma. The Burma resolution is drafted by the EU.

The creation of such an Inquiry was recommended by the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Burma in March 2010. The European Parliamentary Caucus on Burma is deeply concerned about the failure of the EU to endorse and act upon this recommendation, despite the apparent increase in human rights abuses in Burma.

For decades the dictatorship in Burma has acted with impunity, committing gross violations of international law. Abuses taking place include military attacks against civilian villages, arbitrary detention and torture, rape and gang rape, including child rape, forced labour, forced relocation, denial of humanitarian assistance, and many others.

As twenty previous UN General Assembly resolutions testify, the United Nations is fully aware that these actions have been taking place, yet has taken no practical steps to put an end to them.

The European Parliamentary Caucus on Burma is concerned that the continuing failure of the European Union to support a UN Inquiry is encouraging the dictatorship to continue to believe it can act with impunity.

The European Parliamentary Caucus on Burma reminds European governments that they have repeatedly been lied to and deceived by the dictatorship in Burma. Promises of reform have never been delivered. The promises made to visiting diplomats still stand in stark contrast to their actions.

As the recent Arab Spring should have taught us, when dealing with brutal dictatorships, policies of appeasement and pursing reforms through gentle persuasion do not work. The European Union must take a united, robust and principled stand in support of human rights and democratisation in Burma.

แ€™ေแ€œးแ€›ွား၏ แ€œြแ€္แฟแ€„ိแ€™္းแ€်แ€™္းแ€žာแ€ြแ€„့္ แ€กแ€…ီแ€กแ€…แ€ฅ္

แ€™ေแ€œးแ€›ွား၏ แ€œြแ€္แฟแ€„ိแ€™္းแ€်แ€™္းแ€žာแ€ြแ€„့္ แ€กแ€…ီแ€กแ€…แ€ฅ္แ€กแ€› แ€แ€›ားแ€แ€„္ ၊ แ€แ€›ားแ€™แ€แ€„္แ€œုแ€•္แ€žား แ€™ွแ€္แ€•ံုแ€แ€„္แฟแ€•ီးแ€žူ แ€ฆးေแ€› แ€แ€…္แ€žแ€”္းေแ€€်ာ္แ€‘ဲแ€ြแ€„္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€ฆးေแ€›แ€™ွာ แ€…แ€ုแ€ၳแ€กแ€™်ားแ€†ံုးျแ€–แ€…္

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แ€™ေแ€œးแ€›ွားแ€žံแ‚ံုး แ€—ီแ€‡ာแ€Œာแ€”แ€ြแ€„္ ေแ€…ာแ€„့္แ€†ုိแ€„္းေแ€”แ€žူแ€กแ€်ဳိแ‚•แ€€ုိ ေแ€ြแ‚”แ€›แ€…แ€ฅ္
แ€™ေแ€œးแ€›ွားႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံ၏ แ€‡ူแ€œိုแ€„္แ€œ แแƒแ€›แ€€္ေแ€”แ‚”แ€™ွ แ€…แ€แ€„္แ€€ာ แ€œြแ€္แฟแ€„ိแ€™္းแ€်แ€™္းแ€žာแ€ြแ€„့္ แ€กแ€…ီแ€กแ€…แ€ฅ္แ€กแ€› ႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံျแ€ားแ€žား แ€แ€›ားแ€™แ€แ€„္ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€œုแ€•္แ€€ိုแ€„္ေแ€”แ€‘ိုแ€„္แพแ€€ แ€žူแ€™်ားแ€‘ဲแ€™ွ แ€แ€›ားแ€™แ€แ€„္ႏွแ€„့္ แ€แ€›ားแ€แ€„္แ€œုแ€•္แ€žားแ€กျแ€–แ€…္ แ€™ွแ€္แ€•ံုแ€แ€„္ျแ€แ€„္း ျแ€•ဳแ€œုแ€•္ေแ€•းแ€ဲ့แ€›ာ แ€ฆးေแ€›แ€แ€…္แ€žแ€”္းေแ€€်ာ္ แ€™ွแ€္แ€•ံုแ€แ€„္แ€ဲ့แพแ€€แฟแ€•ီး ျแ€–แ€…္แ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿု แ€žိแ€›ွိแ€›แ€žแ€Š္။
แ€‘ိုแ€•แ€™ာแ€แ€‘ဲแ€ြแ€„္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံ แ€žားแ€ฆးေแ€›แ€™ွာ แ€แ€›ားแ€™แ€แ€„္ แแ‚แ…แแ‚แ„ แ€ฆးแ€›ွိေแ€”แฟแ€•ီး แ€แ€›ားแ€แ€„္ แแแแ€แ€แ… แ€ฆးျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€…แ€ုแ€ၴแ€กแ€™်ားแ€†ံုး ႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံแ€กျแ€–แ€…္ แ€™ွแ€္แ€•ံုแ€แ€„္ ေแ€œွ်ာแ€€္แ€‘ားแ€™ႈ ျแ€•ဳแ€œုแ€•္แ€ဲ့แ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿု แ€™ေแ€œးแ€›ွားႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံ၏ แ€œူแ€แ€„္แ€™ႈแ‚€แ€€ီးแพแ€€แ€•္ေแ€›း แ€Œာแ€”၏แ€‘ုแ€္ျแ€•แ€”္แ€်แ€€္แ€€ို ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€†ိုแ€„္แ€›ာ แ€™ေแ€œးแ€›ွားแ€žံแ‚ံုးแ€™ွ แ€ာแ€แ€”္แ€›ွိแ€žူ แ€€ေျแ€–แพแ€€ားေแ€•းแ€ဲ့แ€žแ€Š္။
แ€œแ€€္แ€›ွိ แ€™ေแ€œးแ€›ွားႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€ြแ€„္ ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€›ွိแ€œုแ€•္แ€€ိုแ€„္ေแ€”แพแ€€ေแ€žာ ႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံျแ€ားแ€žားแ€ฆးေแ€›แ€‘ဲแ€ြแ€„္ แ€กแ€™်ားแ€†ံုးแ€™ွာ  แ€กแ€„္แ€’ိုแ€”ီးแ€›ွားแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးျแ€–แ€…္แฟแ€•ီး แ€แ€›ားแ€แ€„္ แ€กျแ€–แ€…္ แ€œာေแ€›ာแ€€္ေแ€œွ်ာแ€€္แ€‘ားแฟแ€•ီးแ€žူ แ€ฆးေแ€›แ€‘ဲ၌แ€œแ€Š္း แ€•แ€‘แ€™แ€กแ€™်ားแ€†ံုး ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€กျแ€–แ€…္ แ€•ါแ€แ€„္แ€ဲ့แ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿု แ€‘แ€•္แ€™ံ แ€žိแ€›ွိแ€›แ€žแ€Š္။ แ€™ေแ€œးแ€›ွားႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံแ€†ုိแ€„္แ€›ာ แ€œူแ€แ€„္แ€™ႈแ‚€แ€€ီးแพแ€€แ€•္ေแ€›း၏ แ€…ာแ€›แ€„္းแ€™်ားแ€กแ€›  แ€กแ€„္แ€’ိုแ€”ီးแ€›ွားแ€™ွာ แ†แ แ€›ာแ€ိုแ€„္ႏႈแ€”္းျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€กแ€™်ားแ€†ံုးแ€แ€›ားแ€แ€„္ ေแ€œွ်ာแ€€္แ€‘ားแ€™ႈ ျแ€•ဳแ€œုแ€•္แ€ဲ့แฟแ€•ီး แ€’ုแ€ိแ€šแ€™ွာ แ€˜แ€‚ၤแ€œားေแ€’့แ€›ွ္၊ แ€แ€ိแ€šแ€™ွာ แ€”ီေแ€•ါ၊ แ€…แ€ုแ€ၴแ€™ွာ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာ แ€ိုแ‚”ျแ€–แ€…္แฟแ€•ီး แ€€်แ€”္ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€™်ားแ€™ွာ แ€–ိแ€œแ€…္แ€•ိုแ€„္၊ แ€—ီแ€šแ€€္แ€”แ€™္၊ แ€•ါแ€€แ€…แฅแ€แ€”္၊ แ€€ေแ€™แปာแ€’ီး แ€šား၊ แ€‘ိုแ€„္း၊ แ€แ‚ုแ€္၊ แ€žီแ€›ိแ€œแ€€ၤာႏွแ€„့္ แ€กျแ€ားႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံแ€ိုแ‚”แ€™ွ แ€•ါแ€แ€„္แ€ဲ့แพแ€€แ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿု แ€žိแ€›ွိแ€›แ€•ါแ€žแ€Š္။
แ€‘ိုแ‚”ျแ€•แ€„္ แ€™ေแ€œးแ€›ွား၌ แ€แ€›ားแ€™แ€แ€„္ ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€›ွိေแ€”แ€žူแ€™်ားแ€กားแ€œံုးแ€กား แ€แ€›ားแ€แ€„္ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€…แ€›แ€”္ แ€™ွแ€္แ€•ံုแ€แ€„္ျแ€แ€„္း แ€€ိုแ€œแ€Š္း แพแ€žแ€‚ုแ€္แ€œ แƒแ แ€›แ€€္ေแ€”แ‚”แ€‘ိ แ€›แ€€္แ€‘แ€•္แ€™ံแ€ိုးแ€်ဲแ‚•แ€‘ားแ€ဲ့แฟแ€•ီးแ€žแ€္แ€™ွแ€္ แ€›แ€€္แฟแ€•ီးแ€†ံုးแ€œွ်แ€„္ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€™แ€›แ€›ွိေแ€žး แ€žူแ€กား แ€กแ€œုแ€•္ျแ€•แ€”္แ€œแ€Š္ ေแ€•းแ€กแ€•္แ€žြားแ€™แ€Š့္แ€กျแ€•แ€„္ แ€แ€›ားแ€™แ€แ€„္แ€†แ€€္แ€œแ€€္ ေแ€”แ€‘ိုแ€„္แ€žแ€Š္แ€€ို แ€…แ€…္ေแ€†းေแ€ြแ‚•แ€›ွိแ€•ါแ€€ แ€™ိแ€แ€„္ႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံแ€™်ားแ€†ီแ€žိုแ‚” ျแ€•แ€”္แ€œแ€Š္แ€•ိုแ‚”ေแ€†ာแ€„္ แ€ံแ€›แ€™แ€Š္แ€€ိုแ€œแ€Š္း แ€žိแ€›ွိแ€›แ€žแ€Š္။
“แ€’ီแ€™ွာแ€›ွိแ€ဲ့ overstay แ€กแ€်แ€„္းแ€်แ€„္း แ€™แ€›ွိแ€›แ€„္ေแ€်းแ€„ွားแฟแ€•ီး แ€™ွแ€္แ€•ံုแ€แ€„္แพแ€€แ€–ိုแ‚” แ€ိုแ€€္แ€ြแ€”္းแพแ€€แ€›แ€แ€š္။ แ€’ါแ€™ွแ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္แ€›แ€„္ ျแ€•แ€”္แ€œာแ€›แ€™ွာေแ€œ။ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€›ွแ€„္แ€แ€်ဳိแ‚•แ€€ ေแ€ာ့ แ€’ီแ€…แ€”แ€…္แ€€ိုแ€กားေแ€•းแ€แ€š္။ แ€แ€်ဳိแ‚•แ€€ေแ€ာ့ แ€กแ€ုแ€กแ€်ိแ€”္แ€‘ိ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€›ွแ€„္แ€€ို แ€ြแ€„့္ျแ€•ဳေแ€•းေแ€กာแ€„္ แ€™แ€”แ€Š္းေျแ€•ာေแ€”แ€›แ€ာ ေแ€ြแพแ€€ံဳေแ€”แ€›แ€ုแ€”္းแ€•ဲ”แ€Ÿု แ€™ေแ€œးแ€›ွား၊ แ€‚်ဳိแ€Ÿုိး၌ေแ€”แ€‘ိုแ€„္แ€žူ แ€€ိုแ€žူแ€›แ€€ แ€†ိုแ€•ါแ€žแ€Š္။

Credit :Eleven Media

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ေแ€’แšေแ€กာแ€„္แ€†แ€”္းแ€…ုแพแ€€แ€Š္ေแ€›းแ€žแ€Š့္ ေแ€†ာแ€„္းแ€•ါး แ€…ီแ€…แ€…္ေแ€›း ျแ€–แ€္แ€ံแ€›၍ แ€™ေแ€–แšျแ€•ႏုိแ€„္
0 Comments - 30 08 2011
ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žူแ‚”ေแ€แ€္ แ€‚်ာแ€”แ€š္แ€ြแ€„္ ေแ€–แšျแ€•แ€›แ€”္ ေแ€•းแ€กแ€•္แ€ဲ့แ€žแ€Š့္ ေแ€’แšေแ€กာแ€„္แ€†แ€”္းแ€…ုแพแ€€แ€Š္ แ€€ိုแ€š္แ€ိုแ€„္ေแ€›းแ€žားแ€žแ€Š့္ แ€แ€›ီးแ€žြားေแ€†ာแ€„္းแ€•ါး၏ แ€กแ€…ိแ€္แ€กแ€•ိုแ€„္းแ€กแ€်ိဳแ‚•แ€กား แ€…ာေแ€•แ€…ိแ€…แ€…္ေแ€›းแ€™ွ ျแ€–แ€္ေแ€ာแ€€္แ€ဲ့ျแ€แ€„္းแ€€ို ေแ€†ာแ€„္းแ€•ါးေแ€›းแ€žူแ€€ แ€œแ€€္แ€™แ€ံႏိုแ€„္แ€žျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€šแ€ုေแ€œာေแ€œာแ€†แ€š္ ေแ€–แšျแ€•ႏိုแ€„္ျแ€แ€„္း แ€™แ€›ွိေแ€žးေแพแ€€ာแ€„္း แ€‚်ာแ€”แ€š္ แ€กแ€ိုแ€„္แ€•แ€„္แ€ံแ€กแ€š္แ€’ီแ€ာ แ€†แ€›ာေแ€™ာแ€„္แ€ံแ€ž แ€€ ေျแ€•ာแ€žแ€Š္။ ေแ€’แšေแ€กာแ€„္แ€†แ€”္းแ€…ုแพแ€€แ€Š္ ေแ€”แ€กိแ€™္ แ€กแ€€်แ€š္แ€်ဳแ€•္แ€™ွ แ€œြแ€္ေျแ€™ာแ€€္แ€žแ€Š့္ แ€žแ€แ€„္းေแ€–แšျแ€•แ€‘ားแ€žแ€Š့္ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€‚်ာแ€”แ€š္แ€™်ား၊ ( ႏိုแ€แ€„္แ€˜ာ แ‚แ€แแ€ แ€ုႏွแ€…္) แ€“ါแ€္แ€•ံု YPI ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာ့ แ€’ီแ€™ိုแ€€ေแ€›แ€…ီေแ€ါแ€„္းေแ€†ာแ€„...

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แ€’ုแ€€แกแ€žแ€Š္แ€…แ€แ€”္းแ€€ แ€ဲแ€€ေแ€œးแ€€ိုแ€ြဲแ€ြာแ€်ိแ€”္ แ€ံแ€ါးแ€กแ€•ိแ€္แ€™ွာ ျแ€•แ€”္แ€œွแ€Š့္แ€™แพแ€€แ€Š့္ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€กာแ€„္แ€žแ€ိแ€‘ားแฟแ€•ီး แ€œแ€€္ေแ€”ာแ€€္ျแ€•แ€”္ျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€•ိแ€္ แ€œိုแ€€္ျแ€–แ€…္แ€žแ€Š္။ แ€žံေแ€šာแ€‡แ€ฅ္แ€™แ€ြแ€š္แ€်แ€„္ေแ€ာ့။ แ€˜แ€แ€’ုแ€€แกแ€™်ားแ€…ြာแ€€ို แ€กแ€ူแ€‘แ€™္းแ€•ိုးแ€žแ€š္ေแ€†ာแ€„္ေแ€•းแ€ဲ့แ€ဲ့แ€ဲแ€€ေแ€œးေแ€› ေแ€”แ€›แ€…္แ€ဲ့ေแ€ာ့။ แ€„ါ့แ€˜แ€แ€‘ဲแ€€ แ€ံแ€ါးแ€แ€်แ€•္ေแ€ာ့ แ€•ိแ€္แ€œိုแ€€္ျแ€•แ€”္แฟแ€•ီေแ€•ါ့ေแ€œ။ แ€˜แ€แ€ြแ€„္แ€•ိแ€္แ€ဲ့แ€–ူးแ€žแ€Š့္แ€ံแ€ါးแ€™်ားแ€…ြာแ€กแ€”แ€€္ แ€žแ€Š္แ€’ုแ€€แกแ€žแ€Š္แ€†ိုแ€žแ€Š့္แ€ံแ€ါးแ€€ား แ€•ိแ€္แ€›แ€žိแ€•္แ€แ€€္แ€ဲแ€™แ€Š္แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္แ€Ÿု แ€‘แ€„္แ€‘ားแ€™ိแ€ဲ့แ€–ူးแ€žแ€Š့္แ€กแ€‘แ€„္แ€žแ€Š္ แ€œแ€€္ေแ€ြแ‚”แ€ြแ€„္แ€™แ€™ွแ€”္ေแพแ€€ာแ€„္း แ€šแ€ုแ€žိแ€œာแ€›แฟแ€•ီ။ 

แ€€်ေแ€”ာ္ แ€กေแ€›ွแ‚”แ€žိုแ‚”แ€œားแ€›แ€„္း แ€กေแ€”ာแ€€္แ€žိုแ‚” แ€…ုแ€”္แ€ဲ့แ€•ါแ€žแ€Š္။ 

แ€แ€ိแ€šแ€แ€”္းแ€…ားแ€ေแ€šာแ€€္แ€กแ€ြแ€€္ แ€แ€ိแ€šแ€แ€”္းแ€›แ€‘ားแ‚€แ€€ီးျแ€–แ€„့္ေแ€ာ့แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္แ€•ါ။ ေแ€แ€္แ€™ီแ€‚်แ€€္ေแ€œแ€šแ€ฅ္แ€•်ံแ‚€แ€€ီးႏွแ€„့္ျแ€–แ€…္แ€•ါแ€žแ€Š္။ แ€–ေแ€šာแ€„္းแ€ိုแ€„္แ€™ီး แ€™ွိแ€္แ€ုแ€္แ€™ွိแ€္แ€ုแ€္၊ แ€žแ€€္แ€€แ€š္แ€™ိုးแ€‘แ€›ံแ€€ာႏွแ€„့္ แ€กแ€แ€”္แพแ€€ာแ€กแ€žားแ€€်แ€ဲ့แ€›แ€žแ€Š့္ แ€’ုแ€€แกแ€žแ€Š္แ€˜แ€แ€žแ€Š္ แ€’ုแ€€แกแ€žแ€Š္แ€…แ€แ€”္း แ€ြแ€„္း၌ แ€’ုแ€€แกေแ€ြแ€ါးแ€…แ€Š္းแ€›แ€„္း แ€œแ€€္ျแ€•ႏုแ€္แ€†แ€€္แ€်แ€”္ေแ€”แ€›แ€…္แ€ဲ့แ€•ါแฟแ€•ီ။ 

แฟแ€•ိဳးแฟแ€•ိဳးျแ€•แ€€္ျแ€•แ€€္แ€œွ်แ€•္แ€…แ€…္แ€™ီးေแ€›ာแ€„္แ€ိုแ‚”ႏွแ€„့္ แ€•်ားแ€•แ€”္းแ€แ€္แ€™ွ်แ€œူးแ€œာေแ€ါแ€€္แ€ံုแ‚”แ€ိုแ‚”แ€กแพแ€€ားแ€™ွာ แ€กแ€‘ုแ€•္แ€กแ€•ိုးေแ€ြ แ€˜ိုแ€žီแ€˜แ€္แ€žီ แ€€ေแ€œးแ€„แ€š္ แ€™်ားแ€ိုแ‚”แ€œိုแ‚”แ€ြဲေแ€œာแ€„္းႏွแ€„့္แ€€်ေแ€”ာ္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€กား แ€žုแ€แ€แฐแ€˜ုแ€™ိေแ€œแ€†ိแ€•္แ€žแ€…္แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€€ แ€แ€กံ့แ€แ€ฉ။ แ€€်ေแ€”ာ္แ€ိုแ‚” ေแ€„းแ€›แ€„္းแ€œแ€Š္းေแ€™ာแ€ဲ့แพแ€€แ€•ါแ€žแ€Š္။ ေแ€•်ာ္แ€žแ€œိုแ€œို แ€˜ာแ€œိုแ€œို แ€…ိแ€္แ€ံแ€…ားแ€™ႈแ€œแ€Š္း แ€›ွိแ€ဲ့แพแ€€แ€™แ€Š္แ€œားแ€™ေျแ€•ာแ€แ€္แ€•ါ။ 

แ€˜แ€”္ေแ€€ာแ€€္แ€™ွ แ€”แ€šူးေแ€šာ့แ€္แ€กแ€‘ိ แ€ိုแ€€္แ€›ိုแ€€္แ€•်ံแ€žแ€”္းแ€žแ€Š့္ေแ€œแ€šာแ€ฅ္แ€แ€›ီးแ€…แ€ฅ္แ€™ွာ แ€›ွแ€Š္แพแ€€ာแ€žေแ€œာแ€€္ แฟแ€„ီးေแ€„ြแ‚”แ€…แ€›ာแ€œแ€Š္းျแ€–แ€…္แ€•ါแ€žแ€Š္။ แ€€်ေแ€”ာ့္ แ€แ€žแ€€္แ€…ီးแ€–ူးแ€ဲ့แ€žแ€™ွ် ေแ€œแ€šာแ€ฅ္แ€แ€›ီးแ€…แ€ฅ္แ€™်ားแ€กแ€”แ€€္ แ€กแพแ€€ာแ€†ံုးႏွแ€„့္ แ€กแ€›ွแ€Š္แ€†ံုးแ€แ€›ီးแ€•แ€„္ျแ€–แ€…္แ€•ါแ€žแ€Š္။ แ€”แ€šူးေแ€šာ့แ€္แ€™ွแ€แ€†แ€„့္ แ€›ွွီแ€€ားแ€‚ို၊ แ€‘ိုแ€™ွ แ€แ€†แ€„့္ แ€–ိုแ‚”แ€ိแ€”္း။ แ€œแ€™္းแ€ေแ€œွ်ာแ€€္แ€ြแ€„္ แ€กแ€‚ၤแ€œိแ€•္แ€…แ€€ားแ€™ေျแ€•ာแ€แ€္แ€žแ€Š့္แ€žူแ€™်ားแ€กแพแ€€ား ေแ€်ာแ€€္แ€ီးေแ€်ာแ€€္แ€်แ€€္ေျแ€•ာแ€แ€္แ€›ံုေแ€œးျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€€်ေแ€”ာ္แ€€ “แพแ€€แ€€္แ€†ူแ€•แ€„္” แ€แ€„္แ€แ€„္แ€œုแ€•္ေแ€•းแ€ဲ့แ€›แ€žแ€Š္แ€œแ€Š္းแ€›ွိแ€•ါแ€žแ€Š္။ 

แ€–ိုแ‚”แ€ိแ€”္းေแ€›ာแ€€္ေแ€ာ့ แ€Šแ€žแ€”္းေแ€€ာแ€„္แ€်ိแ€”္ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€”แฟแ€•ီ။ แ€œာแ‚€แ€€ိဳႏွแ€„့္ေแ€”แ€žူေแ€ြႏွแ€„့္ ျแ€•แ€”္แ€†ံုแ€›แ€်ိแ€”္แ€ြแ€„္ แ€แ€™္းแ€”แ€Š္းแ€แ€™္းแ€žာแ€ံแ€…ားแ€™ႈแ€™်ားျแ€–แ€„့္ ေแ€’ြးေแ€›ာแ€šွแ€€္แ€แ€„္ ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€”แ€•ါแ€žแ€Š္။ ေแ€œแ€†ိแ€•္แ€™ွ ေแ€”แ€›แ€™แ€Š့္แ€กိแ€™္แ€žိုแ‚”แ€€ားျแ€–แ€„့္แ€œာแ€›แ€„္း แ€œแ€™္းแ€ြแ€„္ေแ€˜းแ€˜ီแ€€ိုแพแ€€แ€Š့္แ€€ာ “แ€–ိုแ‚”แ€ိแ€”္းแ€†ိုแ€ာ แ€กေแ€™แ€›ိแ€€แ€”္แ€€ ေแ€ာแฟแ€™ိဳแ‚”ေแ€œးแ€แ€ုแ€•ါ” แ€Ÿု ေျแ€•ာแ€ဲ့แ€–ူးแ€žแ€Š့္ แ€žူแ€„แ€š္แ€်แ€„္းแ€ေแ€šာแ€€္แ€€ိုแ€œแ€Š္း แ€กแ€™ွแ€္แ€›ေแ€”แ€™ိแ€žแ€Š္။ ေแ€žแ€်ာแ€ာแ€แ€ုแ€€ေแ€ာ့ แ€˜แ€š္แ€กแ€်ိแ€”္ แ€กိแ€™္ျแ€•แ€”္แ€›แ€™แ€Š္แ€žာ แ€™แ€žိႏိုแ€„္ေแ€žး၊ แ€กိแ€™္แ€”ဲแ‚”ေแ€ာ့ แ€™ိုแ€„္ေแ€‘ာแ€„္แ€်ီေแ€းแ€žြားแฟแ€•ီแ€†ိုျแ€แ€„္းแ€•แ€„္။ 

แ€กိแ€™္ေแ€›ာแ€€္ေแ€ာ့ แ€œူแ€€ ေแ€ာ္ေแ€ာ္ေแ€œးแ€•แ€”္းေแ€”แฟแ€•ီ။ ေแ€™းแ€ာေแ€ြေျแ€–แ€žိแ€ာေแ€ြေျแ€•ာ၊ แ€•ါแ€œာแ€žแ€Š့္ แ€œแ€€္ေแ€†ာแ€„္แ€•แ€…แฅแ€Š္းေแ€œးေแ€ြ ေแ€แ€„ွ၊ แฟแ€•ီးေแ€ာ့ แ€กိแ€•္แ€šာแ€แ€„္แ€ဲ့แ€žแ€Š္။ แ€กိแ€•္แ€™ေแ€•်ာ္ႏိုแ€„္ေแ€ာ့။ แ€œူแ€€แ€žာแ€•แ€™္းေแ€”แฟแ€•ီး แ€กိแ€•္แ€်แ€„္แ€…ိแ€္แ€€ေแ€•แšแ€™แ€œာေแ€žး။ แ€˜ာแ€œိုแ‚”แ€™်ားแ€•ါแ€œိแ€™့္။ ေแ€ြးแพแ€€แ€Š့္ေแ€ာ့แ€™ွ ေแ€œแ€šာแ€ฅ္ေแ€•แšแ€™ွာ แ€แ€›แ€€္ ေแ€•်ာแ€€္แ€žြားแ€ဲ့แ€›แ€žแ€Š္ေแ€€ာ။ แ€กแ€ုแ€်ိแ€”္แ€†ို แ€’ုแ€€แกแ€žแ€Š္แ€…แ€แ€”္းแ€€ ေแ€”แ‚”แ€œแ€Š္แ€်ိแ€”္แ€•ါแ€œားแ€Ÿု แ€žိแ€œိုแ€€္ေแ€ာ့แ€™ွ ေแ€”แ‚”ႏွแ€„့္แ€Š แ€™ွားแ€žြားแ€ာแ€€ို ျแ€•แ€”္แ€žแ€ိแ€›ေแ€ာ့แ€žแ€Š္။ แ‚€แ€€ိဳးแ€…ားแฟแ€•ီးแ€กိแ€•္แพแ€€แ€Š့္ေแ€žးแ€žแ€Š္။ แ€™แ€›ေแ€ာ့။ แ€”ာแ€›ီแ€€ေแ€ာ့ ေแ€œแ€šာแ€ฅ္ေแ€•แšแ€™ွာแ€€แ€แ€Š္းแ€€ ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€žแ€Š့္แ€กแ€›แ€•္၏ แ€…ံแ€်ိแ€”္แ€€ိုแ€œိုแ€€္แ€ိုแ€€္แ€‘ားแ€žแ€Š္แ€™ိုแ‚” แ€’ီแ€€แ€…ံေแ€ာ္แ€်ိแ€”္แ€กแ€ိုแ€„္းျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€”แ€žแ€Š္။ แพแ€€แ€Š့္แ€œိုแ€€္ေแ€ာ့ แ€™แ€”แ€€္ แ… แ€”ာแ€›ီแ€กแ€ိ။ ေแ€†းแ€œိแ€•္แ€€แ€œแ€Š္း ေแ€žာแ€€္แ€်แ€„္ေแ€”แ€žแ€Š္။ ေแ€”ာแ€€္แฟแ€•ီး ေแ€›ာแ€€္ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€်แ€„္း แ€•แ€‘แ€™แ€†ံုးแ€กေแ€™แ€›ိแ€€แ€”္แ€™แ€”แ€€္แ€แ€„္းแ€€ို แพแ€€แ€Š့္ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€กာแ€„္ แพแ€€แ€Š့္แ€™แ€Š္แ€†ိုแ€žแ€Š့္ แ€…ိแ€္แ€€ူးแ€€แ€œแ€Š္းแ€›ွိแ€‘ားแ€žแ€Š္။ แ€กိแ€•္แ€™ေแ€•်ာ္แ€žแ€Š့္แ€กแ€ူ แ€กိแ€•္แ€šာแ€€แ€‘แ€žแ€Š္။ ေแ€†းแ€œိแ€•္แ€™ီးျแ€แ€…္แ€šူแ€žแ€Š္။ แ€กိแ€™္แ€žားေแ€ြ แ€˜แ€š္แ€žူแ€™ွแ€™ႏိုးแพแ€€ေแ€žး။ แ€แ€กိแ€™္แ€œံုး แ€ိแ€္แ€†ိแ€္ေแ€”၏။ ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€žแ€Š္။ แ€˜แ€š္แ€žူแ‚”แ€˜แ€š္แ€žူแ€™ွ แ€กေႏွာแ€„့္แ€กแ€šွแ€€္ျแ€–แ€…္แ€…แ€›ာแ€™แ€›ွိေแ€ာ့။ แ€กိแ€™္ေแ€›ွแ‚”แ€แ€”္းแ€ံแ€ါးแ€€ိုแ€–ြแ€„့္แฟแ€•ီး แ€กျแ€•แ€„္แ€‘ြแ€€္แ€œိုแ€€္แ€žแ€Š္။ “แ€กား..ေแ€กးแ€œိုแ€€္แ€ာ” แ€Ÿု ႏႈแ€္แ€€ แ€กแ€žံแ€‘ြแ€€္แ€žြားแ€™ိแ€žแ€Š္။ แ€ံแ€ါးแ€€ို แ€œแ€€္ေแ€”ာแ€€္ျแ€•แ€”္แ€•ိแ€္แ€œိုแ€€္แ€žแ€Š္။ 

แ€กျแ€•แ€„္แ€˜แ€€္ျแ€™แ€„္แ€€ြแ€„္းแ€€ား แ€œွแ€•แ€žแ€Š္။ “ေႏြแ€ฆးแ€›ာแ€žီแ€†ို แ€’ီแ€™ွာแ€žိแ€•္แ€œွแ€แ€š္” แ€Ÿုေျแ€•ာแ€ဲ့แ€–ူးแ€žแ€Š့္ แ€™ိแ€္ေแ€†ြแ€€ို แ€กแ€™ွแ€္แ€›แ€œိုแ€€္แ€žแ€Š္။ แ€Ÿုแ€္แ€žားแ€•ဲ။ ျแ€™แ€€္แ€แ€„္းแ€…ိแ€™္းေแ€œးေแ€•แšแ€™ွာ แ€šုแ€”္แ€€ေแ€œး แ€ေแ€€ာแ€„္ႏွแ€…္ေแ€€ာแ€„္ แ€ုแ€”္ေแ€•ါแ€€္ေแ€”แ€žแ€Š္။ แ€œူแ€›ွိေแ€”แ€™ွแ€”္းแ€žိแ€žိႏွแ€„့္ ေแพแ€€ာแ€€္แ€œแ€”္แ‚”แ€Ÿแ€”္แ€™แ€›ွိ။ แ€œြแ€္แ€œแ€•္ေแ€•ါ့แ€•ါးแ€œြแ€”္းแ€œွแ€žแ€Š္แ€•ဲ။ แ€…ိแ€္แ€‘ဲแ€ြแ€„္ แ€กိแ€™္แ€แ€กိแ€™္แ€€ แ€œႊแ€္แ€‘ားแ€žแ€Š့္แ€šုแ€”္แ€€ေแ€œးေแ€ြแ€•ဲေแ€”แ€™ွာแ€Ÿု แ€‘แ€„္ေแ€”แ€žแ€Š္။ ေแ€”ာแ€€္ေแ€ာ့แ€™ွ ေแ€ာแ€šုแ€”္ေแ€œးေแ€ြแ€™ွแ€”္း แ€žိแ€›แ€žแ€Š္။ ေแ€”ာแ€€္แ€›แ€€္ေแ€ြแ€™ွာ แ€™ိแ€္ေแ€†ြแ€ေแ€šာแ€€္แ€€“แ€’ီแ€™ွာแ€€ေแ€ာ့ ေแ€ာแ€ိแ€›ိแ€…แฆာแ€”္ေแ€ြแ€€ို แ€กေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€™ဲ့แ€–แ€™္းแ€†ီး၊ ႏွိแ€•္แ€…แ€€္แ€žแ€္ျแ€–แ€္แ€ြแ€„့္แ€™แ€›ွိแ€˜ူးေแ€œ။ แ€œုแ€•္แ€›แ€„္ แ€œုแ€•္แ€ဲ့แ€žူแ€กေแ€›းแ€šူแ€ံแ€›แ€แ€š္” แ€†ိုแ€žแ€Š့္แ€…แ€€ားေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ ေแ€ฉာ္..แ€ိแ€›ိแ€…แฆแ€”္ေแ€œးေแ€ြေแ€ာแ€„္แ€ฅแ€•ေแ€’แ€›ဲแ‚” แ€กแ€€ာแ€กแ€€ြแ€š္ေแ€กာแ€€္แ€™ွာแ€•ါแ€œား แ€Ÿု แ€žိแ€œိုแ€€္แ€›แ€žแ€Š္။ แ€žแ€…္แ€•แ€„္ျแ€™แ€„့္ျแ€™แ€„့္แ‚€แ€€ီးေแ€ြေแ€•แšแ€€၊ แ€်ံဳแ€•ုแ€္แ€œိုแ€œိုแ€•แ€”္းแ€›ံုေแ€œးေแ€ြแ€†ီแ€€ แ€™ျแ€™แ€„္แ€˜ူးแ€žแ€Š့္แ€„ွแ€€္ေแ€œးေแ€ြ ေแ€းแ€†ိုแ€žံแพแ€€ားแ€›แ€žแ€Š္။ แ€”ားแ€‘ဲေแ€ာ့ แ€แ€•္แ€…ိแ€™္းแ€…ိแ€™္း။ แ€žီแ€်แ€„္းแ€žแ€…္แ€แ€•ုแ€’္แ€€ို แ€…แพแ€€ားแพแ€€ားแ€်แ€„္းแ€›แ€œိုแ€€္แ€žแ€Š့္แ€ံแ€…ားแ€™ႈแ€™်ိဳးႏွแ€„့္แ€†แ€„္แ€žแ€Š္။ แ€™်แ€€္ႏွာแ€်แ€„္းแ€†ိုแ€„္แ€€ แ€กိแ€™္แ€กแ€žแ€…္แ€€ေแ€œးแ€€ို แพแ€€แ€Š့္ แ€œိုแ€€္ေแ€ာ့แ€œแ€Š္း ေแ€”แ€်แ€„္แ€…แ€›ာေแ€œး။ ျแ€–แ€္แ€žြားျแ€–แ€္แ€œာแ€€ားแ€žံแ€™်ားแ€™ွแ€œြဲ၍ แ€•แ€€แ€ိแ€ိแ€္แ€†ိแ€္แฟแ€„ိแ€™္แ€žแ€€္ေแ€”แ€žแ€Š္။ ေแ€†းแ€œိแ€•္แ€–ြာแ€œိုแ€€္ แ€แ€”္းแ€€်แ€„္แ€€ိုေแ€„းေแ€™ာแ€ံแ€…ားแ€œိုแ€€္ႏွแ€„့္။ แ€–แ€”္แ€ီးแ€™ႈแ€™แ€•ါแ€žแ€Š့္ แ€›แ€žแ€แ€™်ိဳးแ€™်ိဳးแ€€ို แ€›ေแ€”แ€žแ€Š့္ႏွแ€š္။ 

แ€กေแ€™แ€›ိแ€€แ€”္แ€™แ€”แ€€္แ€แ€„္းแ€€ိုแ€œแ€Š္း แ€”แ€–ူးေแ€ြแ‚”แ€’ူးေแ€ြแ‚”แ€žိแ€œိုแ€€္แฟแ€•ီ။ ေแ€†းแ€œိแ€•္ေแ€žာแ€€္แ€œแ€Š္းแ€กာแ€žာေျแ€•แฟแ€•ီ။ แ€แ€ေแ€”ေแ€ာ့ แ€กေႏြးแ€‘แ€Š္ แ€แ€္แ€™แ€œာแ€ာแ€™ိုแ‚” แ€”แ€Š္းแ€”แ€Š္းแ€œแ€Š္းေแ€กးแ€œာแ€žแ€Š္။ แ€กိแ€™္แ€‘ဲျแ€•แ€”္แ€แ€„္ေแ€ာ့แ€™ွ၊ แ€ံแ€ါးแ€œแ€€္แ€€ိုแ€„္แ€€ိုแ€œွแ€Š့္แ€œိုแ€€္แ€žแ€Š္။ แ€–ြแ€„့္แ€™แ€›။ แ€˜ာแ€™်ားျแ€–แ€…္แ€•ါแ€œိแ€™့္ แ€†ိုแฟแ€•ီး แ€‘แ€•္แ€œွแ€Š့္แพแ€€แ€Š့္แ€žแ€Š္။ แ€™แ€•ြแ€„့္။ แ€แ€€္แฟแ€•ီ။ แ€‘แ€•္แ€œွแ€Š့္แพแ€€แ€Š့္แ€žแ€Š္။ แ€‘ိုแ€กแ€ိုแ€„္းแ€•แ€„္ แ€ံแ€ါးแ€€แ€ုแ€္แ€ုแ€္แ€™ွ်แ€™แ€œႈแ€•္။ แ€’ီေแ€ာ့แ€™ွ แ€žေแ€˜ာေแ€•ါแ€€္แ€žြား၏။ แ€กျแ€•แ€„္แ€‘ြแ€€္แ€–ိုแ‚” แ€ံแ€ါးแ€–ြแ€„့္แ€ုแ€”္းแ€€ แ€กแ€‘ဲแ€€ေแ€” Lock แ€်แ€‘ားแ€ာแ€€ို แ€žแ€ိแ€™ျแ€•ဳแ€™ိแ€ဲ့။ แ€กแ€™ွแ€”္แ€€ แ€ံแ€ါးျแ€•แ€”္แ€™แ€•ိแ€္แ€แ€„္ Lock แ€€ို แ€–ြแ€„့္แ€‘ားแ€ဲ့แ€›แ€™แ€Š္။ แ€’ါแ€™ွ ျแ€•แ€”္แ€แ€„္แ€žแ€Š့္แ€กแ€ါ แ€กျแ€•แ€„္แ€€ျแ€•แ€”္แ€–ြแ€„့္แ€œိုแ‚”แ€›แ€™แ€Š္။ แ€กแ€ုေแ€ာ့ แ€žြားแฟแ€•ီ။ Lock แ€€်แ€žြားแ€ဲ့แฟแ€•ီေแ€€ာ။ แ€˜ာแ€™ွแ€™แ€แ€္ႏိုแ€„္ေแ€ာ့။ แ€กိแ€™္แ€žားေแ€ြแ€€ แ€ေแ€šာแ€€္ေแ€šာแ€€္ႏိုးแ€œာแ€်ိแ€”္แ€‘ိ ေแ€…ာแ€„့္แ€›ေแ€ာ့แ€™แ€Š္။ 

แ€œူแ€ိုแ€„္းแ€˜แ€แ€ြแ€„္ Lock แ€€်แ€ဲ့แ€›แ€žแ€Š္แ€™်ားแ€›ွိႏိုแ€„္แ€žแ€œို Lock แ€်แ€ဲ့แ€›แ€žแ€Š္แ€™်ားแ€œแ€Š္းแ€›ွိแ€•ါแ€™แ€Š္။ แ€˜แ€แ€žแ€…္แ€แ€ုแ€€ို แ€แ€Š္ေแ€†ာแ€€္แ€™แ€Š္แ€†ိုแ€œ်แ€„္ แ€˜แ€ေแ€Ÿာแ€„္းแ€€ိုေแ€–်ာแ€€္แ€™ွแ€›แ€™แ€Š္แ€‘แ€„္แ€žแ€Š္။ แ€‘ိုแ€€ိแ€…แฅแ€žแ€Š္ แ€˜แ€แ€แ€ု၏แ€ံแ€ါးแ€แ€ုแ€€ို Lock แ€်แ€œိုแ€€္ျแ€แ€„္းျแ€–แ€…္แ€›แ€™แ€Š္။ Lock แ€်แ€œိုแ€€္ျแ€แ€„္းျแ€–แ€…္แ€•ါ แ€žแ€Š္။ แ€›ံแ€ါแ€ြแ€„္ แ€™ိแ€™ိแ€€ Lock แ€်แ€œိုแ€€္แ€žแ€Š္แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္แ€•ဲ แ€กေျแ€แ€กေแ€”แ€€ (แ€žိုแ‚”แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္) แ€˜แ€แ€€ိုแ€š္၌แ€€ Lock แ€်ေแ€•းแ€œိုแ€€္ျแ€แ€„္းแ€™်ားแ€œแ€Š္း แ€›ွိแ€•ါแ€™แ€Š္။ แ€™แ€Š္แ€žိုแ‚”แ€•แ€„္ Lock แ€်แ€œိုแ€€္แ€်แ€„္แ€žแ€Š္ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€…၊ แ€်แ€™แ€›แ€žแ€Š့္ (แ€žိုแ‚”แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္) แ€်၍แ€™แ€€်แ€žแ€Š့္ Lock แ€™်ားแ€…ြာแ€œแ€Š္း แ€›ွိႏိုแ€„္แ€•ါแ€™แ€Š္။ Lock แ€€ို แ€กแฟแ€•ီးแ€်แ€œိုแ€€္แ€žแ€Š့္แพแ€€ားแ€™ွ ျแ€•แ€”္ျแ€•แ€”္แ€•ြแ€„့္แ€œာျแ€แ€„္းแ€™်ိဳးแ€™်ားแ€œแ€Š္း แ€›ွိႏိုแ€„္แ€™แ€Š္แ€‘แ€„္แ€žแ€Š္။ 

แ€šแ€ု แ€€်ေแ€”ာ္ แ€กေแ€™แ€›ိแ€€แ€”္၏ แ€•แ€‘แ€™แ€†ံုးแ€”ံแ€”แ€€္แ€แ€„္းแ€ြแ€„္ Lock แ€€်ေแ€”แฟแ€•ီေแ€€ာ။ แ€žแ€Š္ Lock แ€€ား แ€˜แ€š္แ€กแ€်ိแ€”္แ€กแ€‘ိ แ€€်ေแ€”แ€ฆးแ€™แ€Š္แ€”แ€Š္း။ แ€€်ေแ€”ာ္แ€™แ€်แ€ဲ့แ€žแ€Š့္ Lock แ€žแ€Š္ แ€€်ေแ€”ာ့္แ€กแ€ြแ€€္ แ€€်แ€ဲ့แฟแ€•ီ။ ေแ€”ာแ€„္แ€€ိုแ€œแ€Š္း แ€˜แ€แ€ြแ€„္ แ€กแ‚€แ€€ိแ€™္แ€™แ€Š္แ€™ွ် Lock แ€€်แ€›แ€ฆးแ€™แ€Š္แ€œဲ။ แ€กแ‚€แ€€ိแ€™္แ€™แ€Š္แ€™ွ် Lock แ€်แ€›แ€ฆးแ€™แ€Š္แ€œဲ။ แ€€်ေแ€”ာ္ แ€™ေแ€ြးแ€แ€္ေแ€ာ့။ ေแ€ြးแ€œแ€Š္းแ€™ေแ€ြးแ€်แ€„္ေแ€ာ့။ แ€€်ေแ€”ာ့္แ€˜แ€แ€ြแ€„္ แ€กแ‚€แ€€ိแ€™္แ€™แ€Š္แ€™ွ် Lock แ€€်แ€ဲ့แฟแ€•ီးแฟแ€•ီแ€œဲ၊ แ€်แ€ဲ့แฟแ€•ီးแฟแ€•ီแ€œဲแ€†ိုแ€žแ€Š္แ€€ိုแ€žာ ေแ€ြးေแ€”แ€™ိแ€žแ€Š္။ 

แ€™်ိဳးျแ€™แ€„့္แ€်ိဳ 

แ€‡ြแ€”္ แ‚แ… แ‚แ€แ€แˆ 

Credit : แ€™ိုးแ€™แ€

แ€…ုံแ€…แ€™္းေแ€›း ေแ€€ာ္แ€™แ€›ွแ€„္แ€–ြဲแ‚”ေแ€›း แ€ฅေแ€›ာแ€• แ€กแ€™แ€္ေแ€ြ แ€ိုแ€€္แ€ြแ€”္း


แ€œာแ€™แ€š့္ แ€’ီแ€‡แ€„္แ€˜ာแ€œแ€™ွာ แ€€်แ€„္းแ€•แ€–ုိแ‚”แ€›ွိแ€ဲ့ แ€€ုแ€œแ€žแ€™แ€‚ၢ แ€กေแ€‘ြေแ€‘ြ แ€Šီแ€œာแ€ံแ€™ွာ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံแ€€ို แ€…ုံแ€…แ€™္းေแ€›း ေแ€€ာ္แ€™แ€›ွแ€„္ ေแ€…แ€œႊแ€္ေแ€›း แ€€ိแ€…แฅ แ€†ုံးျแ€–แ€္แ€်แ€€္ แ€်ႏုိแ€„္ေแ€กာแ€„္ EU แ€ฅေแ€›ာแ€• แ€žแ€™แ€‚ၢแ€กแ€–ြဲแ‚” แ€กေแ€”แ€”ဲแ‚” แ‚€แ€€ိဳးแ€•แ€™္း ေแ€†ာแ€„္แ€›ြแ€€္แ€–ိုแ‚” ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာျแ€•แ€Š္แ€†ုိแ€„္แ€›ာ แ€ฅေแ€›ာแ€• แ€•ါแ€œီแ€™แ€”္ แ€กแ€™แ€္แ€™်ားแ€กแ€–ြဲแ‚”แ€€ แ€’ီแ€€ေแ€”แ‚” ေแพแ€€แ€Šာแ€်แ€€္ แ€‘ုแ€္ျแ€•แ€”္ แ€ုိแ€€္แ€ြแ€”္း แ€œုိแ€€္แ€•ါแ€แ€š္။

Photo Courtesy of Burma Campaign (UK)
แ€€แ€›แ€„္แ€กแ€™်ိဳးแ€žแ€™ီး แ€™แ€‡ိုแ€šာแ€–แ€”္းแ€žแ€Š္ แฟแ€—ိแ€ိแ€”္แ€กေျแ€แ€…ိုแ€€္ Burma Campaign (UK) แ€ြแ€„္ แ€แ€€္ႂแ€€ြแ€…ြာ แ€œႈแ€•္แ€›ွားေแ€”แ€•ါแ€žแ€Š္။ แ€žူแ€žแ€Š္ แ€œုแ€•္แพแ€€ံแ€ံแ€œိုแ€€္แ€›ေแ€žာ แ€€แ€›แ€„္แ€กแ€™်ိဳးแ€žား แ€กแ€…แ€Š္းแ€กแ‚ံုး (KNU) แ€กแ€ြแ€„္းေแ€›းแ€™ႉး แ€•แ€’ိုแ€™แ€”္းแ€›ွာ၏ แ€žแ€™ီးแ€œแ€Š္း ျแ€–แ€…္แ€žแ€Š္။ Photo Courtesy of Burma Campaign (UK)

แ€…แ€€္แ€แ€„္แ€˜ာ แ€œแ€†แ€”္းแ€•ုိแ€„္း แ€กแ€ြแ€„္း EU แ€ฅေแ€›ာแ€• แ€žแ€™แ€‚ၢแ€กแ€–ြဲแ‚” แ€กေแ€”แ€”ဲแ‚” ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာျแ€•แ€Š္แ€†ုိแ€„္แ€›ာ แ€™ူแ€ါแ€’ ေแ€†ြးေႏြးแ€•ြဲ แ€›ွိแ€ာေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံ แ€†ိုแ€„္แ€›ာ แ€ฅေแ€›ာแ€• แ€•ါแ€œီแ€™แ€”္ แ€กแ€™แ€္แ€™်ား แ€žแ€™แ€‚ၢแ€€ แ€กแ€ုแ€œို ေแพแ€€แ€Šာแ€်แ€€္ แ€‘ုแ€္ျแ€•แ€”္ แ€ုိแ€€္แ€ြแ€”္း แ€œိုแ€€္แ€ာ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€แ€š္แ€œိုแ‚” Burma Campaign U.K แ€กแ€–ြဲแ‚”แ€แ€„္ แ€™แ€‡ိုแ€šာแ€–แ€”္းแ€€ ေျแ€•ာแ€•ါแ€แ€š္။

 
ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€™ွာ แ€กแ€›แ€•္แ€žား แ€กแ€…ိုးแ€›แ€žแ€…္ แ€แ€€္แ€œာแฟแ€•ီ แ€†ုိေแ€•แ€™แ€š့္ ႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံေแ€›း ျแ€•ဳျแ€•แ€„္ ေျแ€•ာแ€„္းแ€œဲแ€™ႈေแ€ြ แ€™ျแ€™แ€„္แ€›ေแ€žးแ€žแ€œို แ€…แ€…္แ€แ€•္แ€”ဲแ‚” ေแ€’แ€žแ€ံ แ€กာแ€ာแ€•ုိแ€„္ေแ€ြแ€›ဲแ‚• แ€œူแ‚”แ€กแ€ြแ€„့္แ€กေแ€›း แ€်ဳိးေแ€–ာแ€€္แ€™ႈေแ€ြ แ€†แ€€္แ€›ွိေแ€”ေแ€žး แ€ာေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ แ€ฅေแ€›ာแ€• แ€•ါแ€œီแ€™แ€”္ แ€กแ€™แ€္แ€™်ား แ€žแ€™แ€‚ၢแ€€ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံ แ€†ုိแ€„္แ€›ာ แ€€ုแ€œแ€žแ€™แ€‚ၢ แ€…ုံแ€…แ€™္းေแ€›း ေแ€€ာ္แ€™แ€›ွแ€„္ ေแ€…แ€œႊแ€္ေแ€›းแ€€ို แ€ုိแ€€္แ€ြแ€”္း ေแ€ာแ€„္းแ€†ုိ aแ€”แ€›แ€ာ ျแ€–แ€…္ေแพแ€€ာแ€„္း แ€กဲแ€’ီแ€กแ€–ြဲแ‚”แ€›ဲแ‚• ေแพแ€€แ€Šာแ€်แ€€္ แ€‘ဲแ€™ွာ ေแ€–ာ္ျแ€• แ€‘ားแ€•ါแ€แ€š္။ 

Credit :RFA Burmese

Letter from UNFC Chairperson

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ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးႏွแ€„့္ แ€กแ€€်แ€„့္แ€†ိုး


(ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€€ို ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€€ แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်แ€‘ိုแ€€္แ€žေแ€œာ)

ေแ€›ႊแ€ฅေแ€’ါแ€„္း




“แ€—แ€™ာแ€œုแ€•္แ€œိုแ€€แ€™ွျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€’ီแ€œိုแ€်แ€Š္းแ€•ဲ”၊ “แ€—แ€™ာေแ€ြแ€€ိုแ€€ แ€˜แ€š္ေแ€”แ€›ာแ€™ွแ€™ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€•ါแ€˜ူး”၊ “แ€˜แ€š္ေแ€ာ့ျแ€–แ€…္ႏိုแ€„္แ€™ွာแ€œဲ၊ แ€—แ€™ာแ€œုแ€•္ แ€ာแ€€ိုး”၊ “ေแ€›ႊแ€—แ€™ာေแ€ြแ€€ိုแ€€ แ€˜ာแ€แ€…္แ€ုแ€™ွျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€กာแ€„္แ€œုแ€•္ႏိုแ€„္แ€ာแ€™
แ€›ွိแ€•ါแ€˜ူး” แ€กแ€…แ€›ွိေแ€žာ ႏွိแ€•္แ€”แ€š္แ€…แ€€ား၊ แ€်ဳိးแ€–ဲ့แ€…แ€€ား၊ แ€€ဲ့แ€›ဲแ‚•แ€…แ€€ား၊ แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်แ€…แ€€ားแ€™်ားแ€žแ€Š္ แ€™แพแ€€ာแ€แ€ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€•แšแ€œ်แ€€္แ€›...ွိแ€žแ€Š္แ€€ို แพแ€€ားแ€™ိแพแ€€ေแ€•แ€œိแ€™့္แ€™แ€Š္။ แ€‘ိုแ€žိုแ‚”ေแ€žာ แ€กแ€žံုး แ€กႏႈแ€”္းแ€žแ€Š္ แ€กแ€‚ၤแ€œိแ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€œแ€€္แ€‘แ€€္แ€ြแ€„္ แ€แ€…္ႏွแ€…္แ€‘แ€€္แ€แ€…္ႏွแ€…္ แ€ိုးแ€แ€€္แ€œာแ€ဲ့၍ แ€กแ€‚ၤแ€œိแ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”ေျแ€•းแ€ါแ€”ီး แ€€ာแ€œแ€กแ€•ိုแ€„္း แ€กျแ€ားแ€ြแ€„္ แ€กแ€‘ြแ€္แ€กแ€‘ိแ€•္แ€žိုแ‚” ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€žျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€กแ€™်ားแ€†ံုးแ€žံုးႏႈแ€”္းေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုแพแ€€แ€žแ€Š္
แ€Ÿု แ€†ိုแ€›ေแ€•แ€™แ€Š္။



แ€แ€™္းแ€”แ€Š္းแ€–ြแ€š္ေแ€€ာแ€„္းေแ€žာแ€กแ€်แ€€္แ€™ွာ แ€‘ိုแ€…แ€€ားแ€€ို แ€žံုးႏႈแ€”္းေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုေแ€”แพแ€€ေแ€žာ แ€žူแ€™်ားแ€žแ€Š္ แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€œူแ€™်ား แ€œแ€Š္းแ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္။ แ€€ုแ€œားแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€™်ားแ€œแ€Š္းแ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္။ แ€แ‚ုแ€္ႏွแ€„့္ แ€€ုแ€œားแ€€ျแ€•ားแ€™်ားแ€œแ€Š္းแ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္။ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€…แ€…္แ€…แ€…္แ€†ိုေแ€žာ แ€œူแ€™်ား၏แ€•ါးแ€…แ€•္แ€™ွ แ€‘ြแ€€္แ€œာေแ€œ့แ€›ွိแ€žแ€Š္แ€กแ€ြแ€€္ေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ แ€žာ၍ แ€แ€™္းแ€”แ€Š္းแ€–ိုแ‚”ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€œွ၏။ แ€กแ€်ဳိแ‚•ေแ€žာแ€žူแ€ိုแ‚”แ€žแ€Š္ แ€‘ို แ€…แ€€ားแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ို แ€žံုးႏႈแ€”္းแพแ€€ေแ€žာแ€กแ€ါแ€ြแ€„္ แ€แ€™္းแ€”แ€Š္းေแ€žာေแ€œแ€žံแ€™်ဳိးแ€œแ€Š္းแ€™แ€•ါ။ แ€‘ိုแ€€ဲ့แ€žိုแ‚” ႏိွแ€•္แ€”แ€š္แ€်ဳိးแ€–ဲ့แ€›ျแ€แ€„္းแ€€ိုแ€•แ€„္ แ€กแ€› แ€žာแ€›ွိแ€Ÿแ€”္แ€œแ€€แกแ€ာႏွแ€„့္ ေแ€œးေแ€œးแ€”แ€€္แ€”แ€€္แ€•แ€€္แ€•แ€€္แ€…แ€€္แ€…แ€€္ แ€်ဳိးแ€–ဲ့ေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုแ€›แ€€္แ€žแ€Š္แ€€ိုေแ€ြแ‚•แ€›แ€•แ€€ား ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€กแ€…แ€…္แ€•แ€„္ แ€Ÿုแ€္แ€•ါေแ€œ၏ေแ€œာแ€Ÿု แ€šံုแ€™ွားျแ€แ€„္းแ€•แ€„္ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€›ေแ€œာแ€€္ေแ€•၏။ แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€œူးแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€กားแ€‘ိုแ€™ွ်ေแ€œာแ€€္ แ€်ဳိးแ€်ဳိးแ€–ဲ့แ€–ဲ့ေျแ€•ာ แ€†ိုျแ€แ€„္းแ€€ို แพแ€€ားแ€›แ€–ူးแ€žแ€Š္แ€™แ€›ွိ။ ေျแ€•ာแ€œွ်แ€„္แ€œแ€Š္း ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€€ แ€ံแ€™แ€Š္แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္။ แ€€ုแ€œားแ€œူးแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ แ€คแ€™ွ်แ€กแ€‘ိ แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်ျแ€แ€„္းแ€€ို แพแ€€ားแ€›แ€–ူးแ€žแ€Š္แ€™แ€›ွိ။ แพแ€€ားแ€›แ€œွ်แ€„္แ€œแ€Š္းျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€€ แ€ံแ€™แ€Š္แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္။ แ€กแ€‚ၤแ€œိแ€•္แ€€ ေျแ€•ာแ€œွ်แ€„္ แ€ံႏိုแ€„္แพแ€€แ€™แ€Š္แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္။ แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်ေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုေแ€”แพแ€€แ€žူแ€™်ားแ€€ား ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€™်ားแ€•แ€„္ျแ€–แ€…္၏။ แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€žแ€Š္ แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€กားแ€œแ€Š္းေแ€€ာแ€„္း၊ แ€€ုแ€œားแ€žแ€Š္ แ€€ုแ€œားแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€กားแ€œแ€Š္းေแ€€ာแ€„္ แ€‘ိုแ€€ဲ့แ€žိုแ‚” แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€œိုแ€€္แ€်ီ၍ แ€›ြแ€္แ€်ေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုျแ€แ€„္းแ€€ို แ€แ€…္แ‚€แ€€ိแ€™္แ€แ€…္แ€ါแ€™ွ် แ€™แพแ€€ားแ€ဲ့แ€›แ€–ူးေแ€်။ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ို ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€žแ€Š္แ€žာแ€œွ်แ€„္ ‘แ€™ႈိးแ€်ဳိးแ€™ွ်แ€…္แ€်ဳိး’ แ€แ€…္แ€แ€…္แ€ြแ€ြ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€œိုแ€€္แ€်ီ၍ แ€žိแ€™္းแ€€်ဳံးแ‚ႈแ€္แ€်ေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုေแ€”แพแ€€ แ€žแ€Š္ျแ€–แ€…္แ€›ာ แ€‘ိုแ€€ဲ့แ€žိုแ‚” แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်ေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုေแ€”แพแ€€ျแ€แ€„္း၏ แ€กေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€›แ€„္းแ€™ွာแ€€ား ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ို ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€žแ€Š္แ€žာแ€œွ်แ€„္ แ€กแ€‘แ€„္แ€กျแ€™แ€„္ေแ€žးแ€žိแ€™္ေแ€”แพแ€€ေแ€žာေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္
ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€်၏။ แ€™ိแ€™ိแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ို แ€™ိแ€™ိแ€ုိแ‚”แ€€ แ€คแ€™ွ်ေแ€œာแ€€္ แ€กแ€‘แ€„္แ€กျแ€™แ€„္ေแ€žးแ€žိแ€™္ แ€…ုแ€္แ€•ဲ့ေแ€”แพแ€€แ€•ါแ€œွ်แ€„္ แ€กျแ€ားแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ แ€กแ€˜แ€š္แ€™ွာ แ€†ိုแ€–ြแ€š္แ€›ာแ€›ွိแ€•ါေแ€ာ့แ€กံ့แ€”แ€Š္း။

ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€žแ€Š္ แ€‘ိုแ‚”แ€€ဲ့แ€žိုแ‚” แ€•แ€€္แ€•แ€€္แ€…แ€€္แ€…แ€€္ แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်แ€€ဲ့แ€›ဲแ‚•ျแ€แ€„္းแ€ံแ€‘ိုแ€€္ေแ€œာแ€€္ေแ€กာแ€„္ แ€กแ€€แ€š္แ€•แ€„္ แ€šုแ€္แ€Šံ့ แ€žိแ€™္แ€–်แ€„္း ေแ€žာ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€œแ€žေแ€œာแ€Ÿု ေแ€›ွးแ€ฆးแ€…ြာแ€†แ€”္းแ€…္แ€–ိုแ‚”แ€œိုေแ€•၏။ แ€œူแ€กแ€žီးแ€žီးျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€… แ€คแ€”แ€š္แ€žား၊ แ€‘ိုแ€”แ€š္แ€žား၊ แ€คျแ€•แ€Š္ แ€žား၊ แ€‘ိုျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žား၊ แ€คแ€ိုแ€€္แ€žား၊ แ€‘ိုแ€ိုแ€€္แ€žား၊ ေแ€›ွแ‚•แ€ိုแ€„္းแ€žား၊ แ€กေแ€”ာแ€€္แ€ိုแ€„္းแ€žား แ€…แ€žแ€Š္ျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€กแ€…ုแ€œိုแ€€္แ€กုแ€•္แ€œိုแ€€္ ေแ€•ါแ€„္းแ€…แ€Š္း၍ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€…၊ แ€กေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€กแ€†ိုးแ€Ÿူ၍ แ€•ိုแ€„္းျแ€ားแ€…แ€…္แ€‘ုแ€္แ€œိုแ€€္ေแ€žာแ€กแ€ါ ေแ€€ာแ€„္းေแ€žာแ€กแ€›แ€Š္แ€กแ€်แ€„္းေแ€ြแ€်แ€Š္ แ€…ုแ€•ံု၍ေแ€”ေแ€žာ แ€œူแ€Ÿူ၍แ€œแ€Š္းแ€™แ€›ွိ။ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€Ÿူ၍แ€œแ€Š္းแ€™แ€›ွိ။ แ€ိုแ€€္แ€žားแ€Ÿူ၍แ€œแ€Š္းแ€™แ€›ွိ။ แ€†ိုးแ€šူแ€္ေแ€žာ แ€กแ€›แ€Š္แ€กแ€်ဳိးေแ€ြ แ€်แ€Š္ แ€…ုแ€•ံု၍ေแ€”ေแ€žာ แ€œူแ€Ÿူ၍แ€œแ€Š္းแ€™แ€›ွိ။ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€Ÿူ၍แ€œแ€Š္းแ€™แ€›ွိ။ แ€ိုแ€€္แ€žားแ€Ÿူ၍แ€œแ€Š္းแ€™แ€›ွိႏိုแ€„္ေแพแ€€ာแ€„္
းแ€€ို แ€ฆးေแ€ါแ€„္းแ€•ါแ€žူแ€Ÿူ แ€žแ€™ွ် แ€แ€”္แ€ံေแ€•แ€œိแ€™့္แ€™แ€Š္။


● แ€•်แ€„္းแ€›ိျแ€แ€„္းႏွแ€„့္ แ€žแ€ၱแ€ါแ€žေแ€˜ာ
แ€šแ€„္းแ€žိုแ‚”ျแ€–แ€…္แ€œွ်แ€„္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€žแ€Š္ แ€กျแ€ားแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€”แ€Š္းแ€ူ ေแ€€ာแ€„္းျแ€™แ€္ေแ€žာ แ€กျแ€แ€„္းแ€กแ€›ာႏွแ€„့္ แ€Šံ့แ€–်แ€„္းေแ€žာ แ€กျแ€แ€„္းแ€กแ€›ာแ€ိုแ‚” ေแ€›ာแ€…แ€•္แ€…ုေแ€•ါแ€„္းแ€œ်แ€€္แ€›ွိแ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿု แ€†ိုแ€›ေแ€•แ€™แ€Š္။ แ€กျแ€•แ€…္แ€กแ€”ာแ€†ာแ€€ို ေแ€›ွးแ€ฆးแ€…ြာေแ€–ာ္ျแ€•แ€›แ€™แ€Š္แ€†ိုေแ€žာ္ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ြဲแ€™်ားแ€€ แ€กျแ€•แ€…္แ€†ိုแ€แ€္แพแ€€၍ แ€€แฝြႏု္แ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ိုแ€š္แ€ိုแ€„္ แ€™ျแ€„แ€„္းแ€™แ€€ြแ€š္ႏိုแ€„္ေแ€žာ ေျแ€–ာแ€„့္แ€်แ€€္ေแ€•းแพแ€€แ€›แ€™แ€Š့္แ€กแ€်แ€€္แ€แ€…္แ€ု แ€žแ€Š္แ€€ား แ€•်แ€„္းแ€›ိျแ€แ€„္းแ€•แ€„္ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€•၏။ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€žแ€Š္ แ€€ုแ€œားႏွแ€„့္ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€…၊ แ€แ‚ုแ€္ႏွแ€„့္ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€… ႏိႈแ€„္းแ€…ာแ€œိုแ€€္ေแ€žာ္ ေแ€်ာแ€„္ေแ€်ာแ€„္แ€œแ€Š္แ€œแ€Š္แ€œုแ€•္၍ ေแ€်ာแ€„္ေแ€်ာแ€„္ေแ€”แ€‘ိုแ€„္แ€œိုေแ€žာ แ€…ိแ€္แ€žေแ€˜ာแ€™်ဳိးแ€›ွိแ€แ€္ေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€€ို แ€แ€”္แ€ံแพแ€€แ€›ေแ€•แ€™แ€Š္။ ၎แ€…ိแ€္แ€žေแ€˜ာแ€€ိုแ€•แ€„္ แ€•်แ€„္းแ€›ိแ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿူ၍ ေแ€แšแ€†ိုแพแ€€၏။ ေแ€แšแ€†ိုแ€œွ်แ€„္แ€œแ€Š္း ေแ€แšแ€†ိုแ€‘ိုแ€€္แ€•ါေแ€•၏။ แ€žိုแ‚”ေแ€žာ္ แ€•်แ€„္းแ€›ိျแ€แ€„္း၊ แ€œံုแ‚”แ€œแ€ီแ€›ိแ€šแ€›ွိျแ€แ€„္းแ€…ေแ€žာ แ€กျแ€แ€„္းแ€กแ€›ာแ€ိုแ‚”แ€™แ€Š္แ€žแ€Š္ แ€กေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းႏွแ€„့္ แ€กแ€€်ဳိးแ€–แ€”္းแ€ီးแ€…ီแ€™ံแ€œ်แ€€္แ€›ွိေแ€žာ แ€คေแ€œာแ€€แ‚€แ€€ီး၌ แ€™ူแ€œแ€›แ€„္းแ€กေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€™်ားแ€›ွိแพแ€€แ€›แ€™แ€Š္แ€žာ
ျแ€–แ€…္၏။ แ€žแ€ၱแ€ါแ€Ÿူแ€žแ€™ွ်แ€ိုแ‚”၏ แ€”แ€‚ိုแ€žေแ€˜ာแ€›แ€„္းแ€™ွာ แ€แ€္ႏိုแ€„္แ€žแ€™ွ် แ€กแ€”แ€Š္းแ€†ံုး แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€œုแ€•္၍ แ€กแ€™်ားแ€†ံုး แ€…แ€Š္းแ€…ိแ€™္แ€žုแ€ แ€ံแ€…ားแ€œိုแพแ€€แฟแ€™ဲ แ€“แ€™แผแ€ာျแ€–แ€…္၏။ แ€แ€္ႏိုแ€„္แ€ဲ့แ€œွ်แ€„္ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္ႏွแ€„့္ แ€•แ€္แ€žแ€€္၍ แ€œแ€€္แ€แ€…္แ€–แ€€္ ေျแ€™ႇာแ€€္แ€ါแ€™ွ်ႏွแ€„့္แ€•แ€„္ แ€แ€္แ€™ႈ၊ แ€…ားแ€™ႈ၊ ေแ€”แ€™ႈ၊ แ€‘ိုแ€„္แ€™ႈႏွแ€„့္แ€แ€€ြ แ€…แ€Š္းแ€…แ€™္แ€ံแ€‘ားแ€™ႈแ€กแ€ြแ€€္แ€•ါ แ€œံုေแ€œာแ€€္แ€…ြာ แ€›แ€œိုแพแ€€แ€žแ€Š္แ€žာျแ€–แ€…္၍ แ€œแ€€္แ€แ€…္แ€–แ€€္ေျแ€™ႇာแ€€္แ€€ာแ€™ွ်ႏွแ€„့္ แ€œိုแ€žေแ€œာแ€€္แ€›แ€ဲ့แ€œွ်แ€„္ แ€œแ€€္ႏွแ€…္แ€–แ€€္ေျแ€™ႇာแ€€္แ€œိုေแ€žာ แ€žแ€ၱแ€ါ၍แ€™แ€›ွိေแ€်။


● ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€กျแ€•แ€…္ေแ€œာ
 แ€€แฝြႏ္ုแ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žแ€Š္ แ€กแ€‚ၤแ€œိแ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€™แ€แ€„္ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€–ူးေแ€žးแ€™ီแ€แ€…္แ€ါแ€€ แ€กแ€œြแ€”္แ€แ€›ာแ€†ူแฟแ€–ိဳးေแ€်ာแ€„္แ€်ိแ€ဲ့ေแ€žာ แ€ိုแ€„္း ျแ€•แ€Š္ျแ€–แ€…္แ€žแ€Š္แ€แ€…္ေแพแ€€ာแ€„္း၊ แƒแ€ แ„แ€ ေแ€•းแ€›ေแ€žာ แ€˜ြแ€္แ€–ိแ€”แ€•္แ€™်ဳိး၊ แ€žแ€€ၠแ€œแ€•္แ€กแ€€်ႍแ€™်ဳိး၊ แ€แ€…္แ€”แ€•္แ€…ာแ€กแ€ြแ€€္ ေแ€œးแ€„ါးแ€€်แ€•္ แ€แ€”္းေแ€žာ แ€กแ€…ားแ€กแ€…ာแ€™်ဳိး แ€กแ€…แ€›ွိแ€žแ€Š္แ€ိုแ‚” แ€™แ€›ွိแ€ဲ့แ€–ူးแ€žแ€Š္แ€แ€…္ေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ แ€œူแ€แ€…္ေแ€šာแ€€္ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€œုแ€•္แ€œိုแ€€္แ€œွ်แ€„္ แ€แ€…္แ€กိแ€™္ေแ€‘ာแ€„္แ€œံုးแ€กแ€ြแ€€္ แ€…ားแ€–ိုแ‚”၊ แ€แ€္แ€–ိုแ‚”၊ ေแ€”แ€‘ိုแ€„္แ€–ိုแ‚” แ€œံုေแ€œာแ€€္แ€…ြာ แ€›แ€›ွိแ€ဲ့แ€€ား แ€€်แ€”္ေแ€žာ แ€กိแ€™္แ€žူแ€กိแ€™္แ€žားแ€™်ားแ€žแ€Š္ แ€แ€္แ€€ာ၊ แ€…ားแ€€ာ၊ แ€žแ€”แ€•္แ€ါးแ€œိแ€™္းแ€€ာ၊ ျแ€แ€„္းแ€œံုးแ€แ€္แ€€ာျแ€–แ€„့္ ေแ€်ာแ€„္แ€်ိแ€žแ€€္แ€žာแ€…ြာ ေแ€”แ€‘ိုแ€„္ႏိုแ€„္แพแ€€၏။ ေแ€™ာ္ေแ€ာ္แ€€ားแ€…ီးแ€™ႈแ€กแ€ြแ€€္แ€žူแ€แ€…္แ€•ါးႏွแ€„့္ แ€‚ုแ€္แฟแ€•ဳိแ€„္แ€กားแ€€်แ€›แ€”္แ€œแ€Š္းแ€™แ€›ွိ၊ แ€žံုးแ€‘แ€•္แ€ိုแ€€္แ‚€แ€€ီး แ€แ€Š္ေแ€†ာแ€€္ျแ€แ€„္းแ€กားျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€žူแ€แ€…္แ€•ါးแ€‘แ€€္แ€žာေแ€กာแ€„္ႂแ€€ြားแ€ါแ€œိုေแ€žာ แ€…ိแ€္แ€†ႏแตแ€™်ဳိးแ€œแ€Š္းแ€™แ€›ွိ၊ แ€กแ€œြแ€”္แ€…ုแ€္ျแ€•แ€္แ€œြแ€š္၍ แ€•ါးแ€œႊာแ€œွေแ€žာแ€•แ€’ုแ€™แผာ แ€กแ€€်ႍแ€•ါးแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ို แ€แ€္แ€†แ€„္แ€œိုျแ€แ€„္းแ€œแ€Š္းแ€™แ€›ွိ။ ေแ€žာแ€€္แ‚ွဴแ€œိုျแ€แ€„္းแ€œแ€Š္းแ€™แ€›ွိ။ แ€แ€•္ေแ€်ာแ€„္ေแ€်ာแ€„္แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€œုแ€•္၍ แ€แ€•္ေแ€်ာแ€„္ ေแ€်ာแ€„္ေแ€”แ€‘ိုแ€„္แ€…ားေแ€žာแ€€္แ€œာแ€ဲ့แพแ€€ေแ€žာ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးျแ€–แ€…္แ€ဲ့၏။ แ€‘ိုแ‚”แ€€ဲ့แ€žိုแ‚” แ€แ€™္းแ€…ာแ€กแ€ြแ€€္แ€œแ€Š္းေแ€€ာแ€„္း၊ แ€กားแ€กแ€ြแ€€္แ€œแ€Š္းေแ€€ာแ€„္၊ ေแ€”แ€™ႈ แ€‘ိုแ€„္แ€™ႈแ€ြแ€€္แ€œแ€Š္းေแ€€ာแ€„္း แ€œႈแ€•္แ€€ာ แ€œွแ€€္แ€€ာႏွแ€„့္ แ€œံုေแ€œာแ€€္แ€…ြာแ€›แ€›ွိแ€ဲ့แพแ€€ေแ€žာ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€แ€…္แ€™်ဳိးแ€žแ€Š္ แ€œြแ€š္แ€œြแ€š္ႏွแ€„့္ แ€แ€„္းแ€ိแ€™္ေแ€›ာแ€„့္แ€›ဲ၍ แ€•แ€„္แ€•แ€”္းแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€…ြာแ€กားแ€‘ုแ€္แ€œုแ€•္แ€€ိုแ€„္แ€›แ€”္ แ€•်แ€„္းแ€›ိျแ€แ€„္းแ€›ွိแพแ€€แ€žแ€Š္แ€™ွာ แ€กံ့แพแ€žแ€–ြแ€š္แ€›ာแ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္။ แ€žแ€ၱแ€ါแ€ိုแ‚”၏ แ€“แ€™แผแ€ာแ€žေแ€˜ာแ€กแ€ိုแ€„္းแ€™ွ်แ€žာ ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€်၏။ แ€‘ိုแ€™ွ်ေแ€œာแ€€္ แ€กแ€žแ€€္ေแ€™ြးေแ€်ာแ€„္แ€်ိ แ€œာแ€ဲ့ေแ€žာ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€žแ€Š္ แ€œွ်ာแ€‘ြแ€€္แ€™แ€แ€္ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€œုแ€•္ႏိုแ€„္แ€™ွ แ€แ€™္းแ€ါး แ€™แ€แ€แ€ แ€™แ€œွแ€แ€œွ แ€›แ€›ွိႏိုแ€„္แพแ€€แ€žแ€Š့္ แ€€ုแ€œားျแ€•แ€Š္แ€™ွ แ€€ုแ€œားแ€œူแ€™်ဳိး၊ แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€™်ားႏွแ€„့္ แ€…ံแ€‘ိုးႏိႈแ€„္းแ€šွแ€ฅ္ျแ€แ€„္းแ€ံแ€›แ€žแ€Š့္แ€กแ€
ါ แ€•်แ€„္းแ€›ိแ€žแ€Š္၊ ေแ€•ါ့ေแ€œ်ာ့แ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿူ၍ แ€…ြแ€•္แ€…ြဲျแ€แ€„္းแ€ံแพแ€€แ€› ျแ€แ€„္းแ€™ွာ แ€กံ့แ€–ြแ€š္แ€›ာแ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္แ€œွေแ€်။ แ€กแ€™ွแ€”္แ€…แ€„္แ€…แ€…္ေแ€žာ္แ€€ား ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€žแ€Š္ แ€•်แ€„္းႏိုแ€„္ေแ€žာแ€กေျแ€แ€›แ€›ွိแ€ဲ့แ€–ူး၍ แ€•်แ€„္းแ€›ိျแ€แ€„္း၌ แ€ก แ€€်แ€„့္แ€•ါေแ€”ေแ€žးျแ€แ€„္းแ€™ွ်แ€žာ ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€•၏။ แ€™แ€Š္แ€žแ€Š့္แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€•แ€„္ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€… ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€€ဲ့แ€žိုแ‚” ေแ€แ€္ေแ€€ာแ€„္း ေแ€แ€္ေแ€กးแ€™်ဳိးแ€™ီแ€ဲ့แ€–ူးแ€œွ်แ€„္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာႏွแ€„့္ แ€กแ€œားแ€ူแ€…ြာแ€•်แ€„္းแ€›ိแพแ€€แ€™แ€Š္แ€žာ ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€်၏။ แ€•်แ€„္းแ€›ိျแ€แ€„္းแ€€ို แ€กျแ€•แ€…္แ€แ€…္แ€ုแ€œုแ€•္၍ ေျแ€•ာแ€™แ€Š္แ€†ိုแ€œွ်แ€„္ แ€‘ိုแ€กျแ€•แ€…္ แ€žแ€Š္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိး၏แ€กျแ€•แ€…္แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္။ แ€แ€™္းแ€…ာแ€›ွာแ€›แ€”္ ေแ€်ာแ€„္แ€်ိแ€ဲ့แ€–ူးแ€žแ€Š့္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာျแ€•แ€Š္၏แ€กျแ€•แ€…္แ€Ÿူ၍แ€žာ แ€†ိုแ€›แ€”္แ€›ွိေแ€•၏။


● แ€กႏွแ€…္แ€แ€…္แ€›ာႏွแ€„့္ แ€แ€…္ႏွแ€…္
 แ€‘ိုแ‚”ျแ€•แ€„္ แ€€แฝြႏ္ုแ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ို ႏွแ€…္ေแ€•ါแ€„္း แแ€แ€ ေแ€€်ာ္แ€แ€”္แ‚”แ€™ွ် แ€กုแ€•္แ€…ိုးแ€žြားแ€žแ€Š့္ แ€กแ€‚္แ€œိแ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€€แ€œแ€Š္း ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€™်ားแ€กား แ€•်แ€„္းแ€›ိแ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿု แ€…ြแ€•္แ€…ြဲေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုแ€žြားแพแ€€ာေแ€žာ္แ€œแ€Š္း ၎แ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ိုแ€š္แ€ိုแ€„္ ေแ€ြแฝးแ€œံုး ေแ€ြแฝးေแ€•ါแ€€္แ€€်ေแ€กာแ€„္ แ€•แ€„္แ€•แ€”္းแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€…ြာ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€œုแ€•္แ€€ိုแ€„္ แ€žြားแพแ€€แ€žแ€Š္แ€™ႈแ€›ွိေแ€်။ แ€•แ€”္แ€€ာေแ€กာแ€€္แ€ြแ€„္ แ€€ေแ€œာแ€„္แ€ံႏွแ€„့္ แ€œแ€€္แ€™ွแ€္ေแ€›းแ€‘ိုးแ€›ေแ€žာ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€™ွ်ေแ€œာแ€€္ႏွแ€„့္ แ€”แ€„့္ ေแ€œာแ€€္ေแ€กာแ€„္ แ€œแ€แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€™်ားแ€šူแ€œ်แ€€္ แ€€ာแ€™แ€‚ုแ€္แ€…แ€Š္းแ€…ိแ€™္းแ€กแ€™်ဳိးแ€™်ဳိး แ€ံแ€…ားแ€…ံแ€…ားแ€žြားแพแ€€ျแ€แ€„္း แ€กားျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€”แ€™ႈแ€”ာျแ€•แ€žြားแพแ€€ แ€žแ€Š္แ€€ိုแ€žာแ€œွ်แ€„္ ေแ€ြแ‚•ျแ€™แ€„္แ€œိုแ€€္แพแ€€แ€›၏။ ၎แ€ိုแ‚”၏แ€กေแ€”แ€กแ€‘ိုแ€„္แ€€ို ေแ€ြแ‚•ျแ€™แ€„္แ€›ျแ€แ€„္းแ€กားျแ€–แ€„့္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€ိုแ‚”၌ แ€…แ€Š္းแ€…ိแ€™္แ€ံแ€™ႈ แ€กแ€ြแ€€္ แ€žြားแ€›แ€Š္แ€€်แ€›ေแ€žာ แ€…ိแ€္แ€™်ဳိးแ€žာျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€•แšแพแ€€၍ แ€•แ€„္แ€•แ€”္းแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€…ြာแ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€œုแ€•္แ€œိုေแ€žာ แ€…ိแ€္แ€žေแ€˜ာแ€™်ဳိးแ€™ူแ€€ား แ€ก แ€œွ်แ€„္းแ€•แ€„္แ€™ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€•แšႏိုแ€„္แ€ဲ့ေแ€်။ แ€žိုแ‚”แ€›ာแ€ြแ€„္ แ€šแ€ုแ€กแ€ါ แ€”ိแ€•แธแ€”္แ€ိုแ‚”ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€œာแพแ€€แ€›ာแ€ြแ€„္แ€™ူแ€€ား “แ€…แ€…္แ€—ိုแ€œ္แ‚€แ€€ီးေแ€ြေแ€ာแ€„္ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္ แพแ€€แ€™္းแ€œုแ€•္แพแ€€แ€žแ€Š္။ แ€œူแ‚€แ€€ီးေแ€ြေแ€ာแ€„္ แ€œူแ€„แ€š္ေแ€ြႏွแ€„့္แ€กแ€ူ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€œုแ€•္แพแ€€แ€žแ€Š္” แ€Ÿူေแ€žာแ€…แ€€ားแ€™်ားแ€žแ€Š္ แ€กแ€›แ€•္แ€‘ဲ แ€ြแ€„္ แ€แ€…္ေแ€”แ‚”แ€ျแ€ားေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုแ€… ျแ€•ဳแ€œာแพแ€€แฟแ€•ီးျแ€–แ€…္แ€›แ€€ား แ€•แ€„္แ€•แ€”္းแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€…ြာแ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€œုแ€•္แ€™ႈႏွแ€„့္
แ€•แ€္၍ แ€กแ€‚ၤแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ ႏွแ€…္ေแ€•ါแ€„္း แแ€แ€ ေแ€€်ာ္แ€แ€”္แ‚”แ€™ွ်ႏွแ€„့္ แ€žแ€„္ျแ€•แ€›แ€”္แ€™แ€แ€္ႏိုแ€„္ แ€žแ€„္แ€แ€”္းแ€…ာแ€€ို แ€”ိแ€•แธแ€”္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ แ€แ€…္ႏွแ€…္แ€แ€”္แ‚” แ€กแ€ြแ€„္းแ€žแ€„္ျแ€•ႏိုแ€„္แ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿု แ€†ိုแ€›ေแ€• แ€™แ€Š္။


● แ€‚်ာแ€™แ€”ီျแ€•แ€Š္၏แ€…แ€”แ€…္
แ€คေแ€”แ€›ာ၌ แ€‚်ာแ€™แ€”ီျแ€•แ€Š္แ€ြแ€„္း แ€Ÿแ€…္แ€แ€œာแ€กแ€žံုးျแ€•ဳแ€œ်แ€€္แ€›ွိေแ€žာ แ€…แ€”แ€…္แ€€ိုแ€†ိုแ€›ာแ€กแ€…ိုးแ€›แ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာျแ€•แ€Š္แ€ြแ€„္ แ€กျแ€™แ€”္แ€†ံုး แ€”แ€Š္းแ€šူแ€กแ€žံုးျแ€•ဳแพแ€€แ€œွ်แ€„္ แ€กแ€œြแ€”္ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€™ြแ€”္ေแ€•แ€œိแ€™့္แ€™แ€Š္။ แ€‚်ာแ€™แ€”ီျแ€•แ€Š္၌ แ€žူေแ€Œးแ€žားျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€…၊ แ€กแ€™แ€္แ‚€แ€€ီး၏แ€žာ ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€…၊ แ€กแ€›ာแ€›ွိแ‚€แ€€ီး၏แ€žာျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€… แ€œူแ€œားေျแ€™ာแ€€္ေแ€žာแ€กแ€်ိแ€”္แ€กแ€›ြแ€š္แ€ြแ€„္ แ€กျแ€ားေแ€žာ แ€œူแ€†แ€„္းแ€›ဲแ€™်ား၏แ€žားแ€™်ားႏွแ€„့္ แ€กแ€ူแ€œแ€™္း ေแ€–ာแ€€္ျแ€แ€„္း၊ ေแ€€ာแ€€္แ€•ဲแ€žီးႏွံแ€…ိုแ€€္แ€™်ဳိးျแ€แ€„္းแ€…ေแ€žာ แ€€ူแ€œီแ€กแ€œုแ€•္แพแ€€แ€™္းแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ို แแ€ แ€œแ€ိုแ€„္แ€ိုแ€„္ แ€œုแ€•္แ€€ိုแ€„္ေแ€†ာแ€„္ แ€›ြแ€€္แพแ€€แ€› ေแ€œแ€žแ€Š္။ แ€žူေแ€Œးแ€žားႏွแ€„့္ แ€‘แ€„္းေแ€ြแ€žแ€™ားแ€žားแ€ိုแ‚”แ€žแ€Š္แ€œแ€Š္းေแ€€ာแ€„္း၊ แ€กแ€›ာแ€›ွိแ€žားแ€™်ားႏွแ€„့္ แ€€ူแ€œီ၏แ€žားแ€žแ€Š္แ€œแ€Š္း ေแ€€ာแ€„္း แ€แ€…္แ€แ€”္းแ€แ€Š္းแ€กแ€ူေแ€”၊ แ€กแ€ူแ€กိแ€•္၊ แ€กแ€ူแ€…ားแพแ€€แ€›แ€œ်แ€€္ แ€œแ€š္ျแ€•แ€„္แ€‘ဲแ€ြแ€„္ แ€กแ€€်ႍแ€€ိုแ€ံုးแ€œံုးแ€ြแฝแ€္ แ€€ာ แ€•แ€ံုးแ€်แ€„္း แ€šွแ€ฅ္แ€œ်แ€€္ แ€›แ€€္ေแ€•ါแ€„္း แƒแ€แ€ แ€€ာแ€•แ€္แ€œံုးแ€แ€”္းแ€ူแ€Šီแ€ူ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€œုแ€•္แพแ€€แ€›ေแ€œแ€žแ€Š္။ แ€กိแ€™္แ€™ွ แ€‘แ€™แ€„္းแ€•ိုแ‚”แ€›ျแ€แ€„္း၊ แ€กိแ€•္แ€›ာแ€œိแ€•္ แ€•ိုแ‚”แ€›ျแ€แ€„္းแ€™แ€›ွိေแ€…แ€›။ แ€แ€…္แ€แ€”္းแ€แ€Š္းแ€…ား၍ แ€แ€…္แ€แ€”္းแ€แ€Š္းแ€กိแ€•္แพแ€€แ€›ေแ€œแ€žแ€Š္။ แ€กแ€‚ၤแ€œိแ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ိုแ€กားแ€€်ျแ€แ€„္းแ€กားျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แพแ€€แ€™္းแ€€ို ေแพแ€€ာแ€€္แ€›ြံแ‚•၊ แ€Ÿแ€”္แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€•แ€”္แ‚€แ€€ီး แ€œုแ€•္แ€်แ€„္แ€แ€္แ€œွေแ€žာ แ€€ြแฝႏ္ုแ€•္แ€ိုแ‚” ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€œူแ€„แ€š္แ€™်ားแ€กแ€ြแ€€္ ၎แ€… แ€”แ€…္แ€‘แ€€္ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€™ြแ€”္ေแ€žာ แ€…แ€”แ€…္แ€แ€…္แ€ုแ€€ို แ€€ြแฝႏု္แ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€…แ€ฅ္းแ€…ားแ€…ိแ€္แ€€ူး၍แ€™แ€›ႏ
ိုแ€„္ေแ€กာแ€„္ แ€›ွိေแ€်ေแ€ာ့၏။ แ€‘ိုแ€€ဲ့แ€žိုแ‚”ေแ€œ့แ€€်แ€„့္ ေแ€•းแ€›แ€œွ်แ€„္ แ€•်แ€„္းแ€›ိแ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿူေแ€žာ แ€…ြแ€•္แ€…ြဲแ€်แ€€္แ€žแ€Š္แ€œแ€Š္း แ€•ေแ€•်ာแ€€္แ€žြားแ€แ€”္แ€›ာေแ€်แ€žแ€Š္။

● แ€…ြแ€•္แ€…ြဲแ€်แ€€္แ€™်ား

 ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ို แ€…ြแ€•္แ€…ဲြေแ€žာ แ€กแ€်แ€€္แ€™်ားแ€กแ€”แ€€္ แ€•်แ€„္းแ€›ိျแ€แ€„္းแ€€ို แ€‘ုแ€္ႏုแ€္แ€œိုแ€€္แ€žแ€Š္แ€›ွိေแ€žာ ေแ€€ာแ€„္แ€€်แ€…္แ€…แ€ฅ္းแ€œဲျแ€แ€„္း၊ แ€™แ€Šီแ€Šြแ€္ျแ€แ€„္း၊ แ€™แ‚ိုးေျแ€–ာแ€„့္แ€แ€္ျแ€แ€„္း แ€…แ€žแ€Š့္แ€กျแ€แ€„္းแ€กแ€›ာแ€™်ား แพแ€€ားแ€›แ€–ူးแ€แ€္၏။ แ€™แ€Šီแ€Šြแ€္ျแ€แ€„္းแ€†ိုေแ€žာ แ€กျแ€แ€„္းแ€กแ€›ာ แ€™ွာ แ€กိแ€™္แ€›ွแ€„္ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€žာျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€™်ားแ€€ို แ€งแ€Š့္แ€žแ€Š္ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€žာแ€€ုแ€œားแ€™်ား၊ แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€™်ားႏွแ€„့္ႏိႈแ€„္းแ€…ာแ€œိုแ€€္แ€œွ်
แ€„္ แ€กแ€”แ€Š္းแ€„แ€š္ ေแ€กာแ€€္แ€€်ေแ€”ာแ€€္แ€€် แ€›ွိေแ€”แ€žแ€€ဲ့แ€žိုแ‚” แ€™ွแ€္แ€‘แ€„္แ€›แ€”္แ€›ွိေแ€•แ€œိแ€™့္แ€™แ€Š္။ แ€žိုแ‚”ေแ€ž္ แ€แ€…္แฟแ€™ိဳแ‚•แ€แ€…္แ€›ြာแ€žแ€Š္းแ€ိုแ‚” แ€™แ€Š္แ€žแ€Š္ แ€กျแ€ား ေแ€žာแฟแ€™ိဳแ‚•แ€แ€…္แ€›ြာ၌ แ€†ံုแ€…แ€Š္းแพแ€€แ€žแ€Š့္แ€กแ€ါ แ€แ€…္ေแ€šာแ€€္ႏွแ€„့္แ€แ€…္ေแ€šာแ€€္ แ€žแ€Š္းแ€ံแ€†แ€€္แ€†ံแ€แ€္แ€žแ€Š္ျแ€–แ€…္၍ แ€Šီแ€Šြแ€္ ေแ€žာေแ€˜ာแ€žแ€Š္ แ€“แ€™แผแ€ာแ€กေแ€œ်ာแ€€္ ေแ€•แšေแ€•ါแ€€္แ€›แฟแ€™ဲျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€œแ€žแ€Š္။ แ€€ြแฝႏု္แ€•္แ€ိုแ‚” ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€™်ားแ€žแ€Š္แ€œแ€Š္း แ€€ုแ€œားျแ€•แ€Š္၊ แ€กแ€‚ၤแ€œိแ€•္ျแ€•แ€Š္၊ แ€‚်แ€”္แ€•แ€”္ျแ€•แ€Š္ แ€…แ€žแ€Š္แ€ိုแ‚”၌ ေแ€ြแ‚•แ€†ံုแพแ€€แ€žแ€Š့္แ€กแ€ါ แ€กแ€œြแ€”္แ€Šီแ€Šြแ€္แพแ€€แ€Š္แ€Ÿု แพแ€€ားแ€›แ€–ူးေแ€žာေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€ိုแ‚”แ€›ဲแ‚• แ€™แ€Šီแ€Šြแ€္ေแ€žာแ€žေแ€˜ာแ€žแ€Š္ ေแ€žြးแ€‘ဲแ€ြแ€„္ แ€•ါแ€แ€„္ေแ€”แ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿု แ€™แ€†ိုแ€…ေแ€€ာแ€„္းေแ€•။
ေแ€€ာแ€€္แ€€်แ€…္แ€…แ€ฅ္းแ€œဲျแ€แ€„္း၊ แ€™แ‚ိုးေျแ€–ာแ€„့္ျแ€แ€„္းแ€…ေแ€žာ แ€…ြแ€•္แ€…ြဲแ€်แ€€္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€™ွာ แ€กိႏိแตแ€šแ€ိုแ€„္းแ€žားแ€™်ားႏွแ€„့္ ေแ€›ာေႏွာแ€†แ€€္แ€†ံျแ€แ€„္း แ€กแ€œြแ€”္းแ€”แ€Š္းแ€•ါးေแ€žာ แ€žူแ€ိုแ‚”၏แ€…ြแ€•္แ€…ြဲแ€်แ€€္ေแ€œာแ€€္แ€žာျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€်၏။ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€แ€€ာႏွแ€„့္ แ€†แ€€္แ€†ံแ€–ူးแ€žူแ€ိုแ‚”แ€€แ€™ူแ€€ား ျแ€™แ€”္ แ€™ာแ€œူ แ€™်ဳိးแ€€ို แ€‘ုแ€္ႏုแ€္ေแ€›ြးแ€်แ€š္၍ ေแ€€ာแ€€္แ€€်แ€…္แ€…แ€ฅ္းแ€œဲေแ€žာ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€Ÿုแ€‘ုแ€္ေแ€–ာ္แ€…ြแ€•္แ€…ြဲျแ€แ€„္းျแ€•ဳแพแ€€แ€™แ€Š္แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္ေแ€်။ แ€…แ€„္แ€…แ€…္ေแ€žာ္ แ€€ား ေแ€œာแ€€၌ แ‚ိုးေျแ€–ာแ€„့္ေแ€žာ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€Ÿူ၍ แ€်ီးแ€™ြแ€”္းแ€›แ€”္แ€œแ€Š္းေแ€€ာแ€„္း၊ ေแ€€ာแ€€္แ€€်แ€…္ေแ€žာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€Ÿူ၍แ€œแ€Š္းေแ€€ာแ€„္း แ€œူ แ€™်ဳိးแ€žီးျแ€ားแ€›ွိႏိုแ€„္แ€™แ€Š္แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္ေแ€•
แ€›ာ แ€œူแ€แ€…္แ€™်ဳိးႏွแ€„္แ€แ€…္แ€™်ဳိး แ€•ိแ€”္แ€™แ€žာ แ€œိแ€”္แ€™แ€žာ แ€™ွ်ာေแ€œာแ€€္แ€žာ แ€›ွိေแ€”แพแ€€ေแ€•แ€œိแ€™့္แ€™แ€Š္။ แ‚ိုး ေျแ€–ာแ€„့္ျแ€แ€„္း၊ ေแ€€ာแ€€္แ€€်แ€…္ျแ€แ€„္းแ€†ိုေแ€žာ แ€กျแ€แ€„္းแ€กแ€›ာแ€™ွာ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးေแ€•แš၌แ€™แ€แ€Š္แ€˜ဲ แ€œူแ€ိုแ‚”၏แ€กေျแ€แ€กေแ€”แ€กေแ€•แš၌ แ€แ€Š္ေแ€” แ€แ€္แ€žแ€Š္ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€•แ€›ာ แ€œူแ€†แ€„္းแ€›ဲแ€Ÿူ၍ แ€กแ€œြแ€”္แ€”แ€Š္းแ€•ါးแ€œွေแ€žာ แ€•ါแ€›แ€™ီแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€™်ားแ€กแ€”แ€€္แ€ြแ€„္ แ€žူแ€ိုးแ€“ားျแ€•แ€Ÿူ၍ แ€กแ€œြแ€”္แ€”แ€Š္း แ€•ါးျแ€แ€„္းแ€€ို แ€€ြแฝႏ္ုแ€•္แ€ိုแ‚” แ€”ားแ€œแ€Š္ႏိုแ€„္แพแ€€ေแ€•แ€žแ€Š္။

● แ€‘ူးျแ€ားေแ€žာျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာ့แ€‚ုแ€္
ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိး၏ แ€Šံ့แ€–်แ€„္းแ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿူ၍ แ€…ြแ€•္แ€…ြဲျแ€แ€„္းแ€ံแ€›ေแ€žာ แ€กျแ€แ€„္းแ€กแ€›ာแ€™်ားแ€€ို แ€›ွแ€„္းแ€œแ€„္းေแ€–ာ္ျแ€•แ€ဲ့แฟแ€•ီးျแ€–แ€…္แ€›ာ แ€šแ€ုแ€กแ€ါ၌ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€ိုแ‚”၏ေแ€€ာแ€„္းျแ€™แ€္ေแ€žာ แ€‚ုแ€္แ€กျแ€แ€„္းแ€กแ€›ာแ€™်ားแ€กေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€€ို ေแ€–ာ္แ€‘ုแ€္ေแ€›းแ€žားแ€›ေแ€•แ€ฆးแ€กံ့။ แ€žแ€„္แพแ€€ား၍ แ€แ€္ ေျแ€™ာแ€€္แ€œြแ€š္ျแ€แ€„္းแ€กแ€›ာแ€Œာแ€”၌ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€žแ€Š္ แ€€แ€™ာแปေแ€•แšแ€›ွိ แ€™แ€Š္แ€žแ€Š့္แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးႏွแ€„့္แ€™แ€†ို แ€šွแ€ฅ္แฟแ€•ိဳแ€„္ႏိုแ€„္ေแ€œာแ€€္ေแ€•แ€›ာ ‘แ€•ါး แ€›แ€Š္แ€”แ€•္แ€›แ€Š္’ แ€›ွိျแ€แ€„္း၊ แ€กแ€ိုแ€กแ€ြာแ€˜แ€€္၌ แ€‰ာแ€္แ€žြားျแ€แ€„္းแ€…ေแ€žာ แ€กแ€›ာแ€Œာแ€”แ€™်ဳိးแ€ြแ€„္แ€™ူแ€€ား ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€žแ€Š္แ€€แ€™แ€™ာแปแ€ြแ€„္ แ€ก แ€œြแ€”္แ€€ြแฝแ€™္းแ€€်แ€„္แ€œိแ€™แผာေแ€žာ แ€—ိုแ€œ္แ€€ျแ€•ားแ€€ေแ€œးแ€™်ားแ€€ แ€กแ€်ဳိแ‚•ေแ€”แ€›ာแ€ြแ€„္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€‰ာแ€္แ€€ို (แ€Šแ€…္แ€•แ€္ျแ€แ€„္းแ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္) แ€กแ€žံုး ျแ€•ဳျแ€แ€„္းแ€กားျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€กแ€‚ၤแ€œိแ€•္แ€™်ားแ€€ိုႏိုแ€„္แ€›แ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿု แ€แ€”္แ€ံေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုแ€žแ€Š္แ€€ိုแพแ€€ားแ€›แ€–ူး၏။ แ€…แ€„္แ€…แ€…္แ€™ွာ แ€กေแ€žးแ€กแ€–ြဲႏွแ€„့္ แ€•แ€္แ€žแ€€္ แ€žแ€Š့္ျแ€–แ€္แ€‘ိုးแ€‰ာแ€္ေแ€•แšေแ€žာแ€กျแ€แ€„္းแ€กแ€›ာแ€™်ဳိးแ€™ွာ แ€€แ€™ာแปေแ€•แšแ€ြแ€„္ แ€™်ဳိးแ€œိုแ€€္ แ‚ိုးแ€œိုแ€€္แ€်ီ၍ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€แ€…္แ€™်ဳိးแ€แ€Š္း၌แ€žာ แ€›ွိ แ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿူ၍ แ€€ြแฝႏု္แ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€†ိုแ€်แ€„္၏။ แ€กแ€œြแ€”္းแ€”แ€Š္းแ€•ါးแ€”แ€•္ေแ€žာ แ€กျแ€ားแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€แ€…္ေแ€šာแ€€္แ€ေแ€œ၌ ၎แ€‰ာแ€္แ€™်ဳိးေแ€ြแ‚•แ€›แ€แ€္ แ€žแ€Š္แ€™ွแ€”္ေแ€žာ္แ€œแ€Š္း แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€œိုแ€€္ျแ€ံ၍ แ€กแ€”แ€Š္းႏွแ€„့္แ€กแ€™်ားแ€›ွိแ€แ€္ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€œိုแ€€္ျแ€ံဳ၍ แ€กแ€”แ€Š္းႏွแ€„့္แ€กแ€™်ားแ€›ွိแ€แ€္แ€žแ€Š္ แ€€ား ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€แ€…္แ€™်ဳိးแ€แ€Š္းแ€žာแ€›ွိ၏။ แ€กျแ€ားแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€•ါးแ€œွ်แ€„္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€กိแ€•္ေแ€”แ€žေแ€œာแ€€္แ€›ွိแ€žแ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿု แ€†ိုแ€်แ€„္၏။ แ€คแ€€ား ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိး၏ แ€‘ူးแ€€ဲေแ€žာแ€กแ€်แ€€္ေแ€•แ€แ€Š္း။ แ€คแ€กျแ€แ€„္းแ€กแ€›ာแ€€ို แ€แ€”္แ€™แ€ံแ€œိုေแ€žာျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€แ€…္ေแ€š
ာแ€€္แ€›ွိแ€ဲ့แ€œွ်แ€„္ แ€‘ိုแ€žူ၌ แ€‘ိုแ€กแ€›แ€Š္แ€กแ€်แ€„္းแ€™်ဳိး แ€်ဳိแ‚•แ€„ဲ့ေแ€žာေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္แ€žာ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€›แ€™แ€Š္แ€Ÿု แ€€ြแฝႏု္แ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€†ိုแ€œို၏။


● ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာႏွแ€„့္ แ€’ါแ€”แ€™ႈ

แ€‘ိုแ‚”ျแ€•แ€„္ ေแ€•းแ€€แ€™္းแ€…ြแ€”္แ‚”แ‚€แ€€ဲျแ€แ€„္းႏွแ€„့္ แ€•แ€္แ€žแ€€္၍ แ€€ြแฝႏု္แ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိး၌ แ€‘ူးแ€€ဲေแ€žာแ€กแ€်แ€€္แ€€ို แ€™แพแ€€ားေแ€žးแ€™ီแ€€ แ€€ြแฝႏု္แ€•္แ€ိုแ‚” แ€€ိုแ€š္แ€ိုแ€„္ေแ€ြแ‚•แพแ€€ံဳแ€ဲ့แ€›แ€žแ€Š္แ€™ွာ แ€…ိแ€္ႏွแ€œံုးแ€€ို แ€กแ€œြแ€”္แ€‘ိแ€ိုแ€€္แ€žျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€แ€…္แ€žแ€€္แ€•แ€္แ€œံုး แ€™ေแ€™့ႏိုแ€„္ေแ€กာแ€„္แ€›ွိေแ€ာ့၏။ แ€›แ€”္ แ€€ုแ€”္แฟแ€™ိဳแ‚•แ€€ို แ€”ိแ€•แธแ€”္ေแ€œแ€šာแ€ฅ္แ€•်ံแ€™်ားแ€€ ေแ€›ွးแ€ฆးแ€…ြာแ€—ုံးแ€™်ားแ‚€แ€€ဲแ€်แ€…แ€ฅ္ แฟแ€™ိဳแ‚•แ€žူแฟแ€™ိဳแ‚•แ€žားแ€™်ားแ€žแ€Š္ แ€™ီးแ€žေแ€˜ၤာ၊ แ€™ီးแ€›แ€‘ား แ€…แ€žแ€Š္ แ€ိုแ‚”ျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€กแฟแ€™ိဳแ‚•แฟแ€™ိဳแ‚•แ€กแ€›ြာแ€›ြာแ€ိုแ‚”แ€žိုแ‚” แ€‘ြแ€€္ေျแ€•းแ€ိแ€™္းေแ€›ွာแ€„္แ€ဲ့แพแ€€၏။ แ€‘ိုแ€…แ€ฅ္แ€กแ€ါ แ€กแ€›แ€•္แ€›แ€•္ေแ€žာแ€†ိแ€•္แ€€แ€™္း၊ แ€กแ€›แ€•္แ€›แ€•္ေแ€žာ แ€˜ူ แ€ာแ‚ံုแ€…แ€žแ€Š္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€™ွ แฟแ€™ိဳแ‚•แ€žူแฟแ€™ိဳแ‚•แ€žားแ€™်ားแ€žแ€Š္ แ€กแ€™်ဳိးแ€™်ဳိးေแ€žာ แ€…ားแ€–ြแ€š္ေแ€žာแ€€္แ€–ြแ€š္แ€ိုแ‚”ျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€›แ€”္แ€€ုแ€”္แฟแ€™ိဳแ‚•แ€™ွ ‘แ€—ံုးေျแ€•း’ แ€’ုแ€€แกိแ€ แ€™်ားแ€กား ေแ€•းေแ€แ€œွဴแ€’ါแ€”္းแพแ€€แ€›ာ แ€œแ€™္းแ€แ€…္ေแ€œွ်ာแ€€္แ€œံုး แ€…ား၍แ€™แ€€ုแ€”္ႏိုแ€„္၊ ေแ€žာแ€€္၍แ€™แ€€ုแ€”္ႏိုแ€„္ေแ€กာแ€„္ แ€›ွိေแ€”ေแ€ာ့၏။ แ€แ€္ ႏိုแ€„္แ€žူแ€™်ားแ€€ ေแ€‘ာแ€•แ€္แ€‘แ€™แ€„္း၊ แ€’ံေแ€•ါแ€€္แ€‘แ€™แ€„္း၊ แพแ€€แ€€္แ€žားแ€Ÿแ€„္း၊ แ€†ိแ€္แ€žားแ€Ÿแ€„္းแ€…แ€žแ€Š္แ€ိုแ‚”ျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€กแ€‘ုแ€္แ€œိုแ€€္ แ€›แ€€္ ေแ€›ာแ€…ြာေแ€•းေแ€แพแ€€แ€›ာ แ€™ႂแ€€ြแ€š္แ€แ€žူแ€กแ€œွဴแ€›ွแ€„္แ€™်ားแ€€แ€œแ€Š္း แ€žေแ€›แ€…ာ၊ ေแ€†းแ€œိแ€•္၊ แ€€ြแ€™္းแ€‘ုแ€•္၊ แ€œแ€€္แ€–แ€€္แ€‘ုแ€•္ แ€…แ€žแ€Š္แ€ိုแ‚”ျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€แ€္แ€กားแ€žแ€™ွ် ေแ€แ€„ွေแ€•းแ€€แ€™္းแพแ€€၏။ แ€แ€…္แ€ုေแ€žာแ€˜ူแ€ာแ‚ံုแ€ြแ€„္ แ€กแ€˜ိုးแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€แ€…္ေแ€šာแ€€္ႏွแ€„့္ แ€กแ€™แ€š္แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€แ€…္ေแ€šာแ€€္ แ€žแ€Š္ แ€™ိแ€™ိแ€ိုแ‚”၏แ€กแ€แ€„္းแ€™ွ แ€œแ€္แ€œแ€္แ€†แ€္แ€†แ€္ ႏႈแ€္แ€šူแ€œာแ€ဲ့แ€Ÿแ€”္แ€œแ€€แกแ€ာแ€›ွိแ€ž့္ แ€•ဲแ€…ားแ€ฅแ€ြဲแ€™်ား แ€€ို แ€œแ€€္ႏွแ€…္แ€–แ€€္แ€ြแ€„္ แ€™ႏိုแ€„့္แ€ႏိုแ€„္แ€†ြဲแ€œ်แ€€္ แ€€ြแฝႏု္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€กแ€”ီးแ€žိုแ‚” แ€်แ€ฅ္းแ€€แ€•္แ€€ာ…
“แ€œแ€™္းแ€…ားแ€–ိုแ‚” แ€šူแ€žြားแ€…แ€™္းแ€•ါေแ€™ာแ€„္แ€›แ€š္၊ แ€žူแ€™်ားแ€œို แ€œိေแ€™แผာ္แ€žီး แ€™แ€แ€္ႏိုแ€„္ေแ€•แ€™แ€š့္ แ€€်ဳแ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ိုแ€š္แ€ိုแ€„္ แ€…ိုแ€€္แ€ဲ့ แ€•ဲแ€…ားแ€ฅแ€€ ေแ€œးแ€€ို แ€…ားေแ€…แ€်แ€„္แ€œြแ€”္းแ€œိုแ‚” ႏႈแ€္แฟแ€•ီးแ€šူแ€ဲ့แ€›၊ แ€…ားแพแ€€แ€…แ€™္းแ€•ါေแ€™ာแ€„္แ€›แ€š္” แ€Ÿုေျแ€•ာแ€€ာ แ€กแ€ြဲแ€œိုแ€€္ แ€‘แ€Š့္ေแ€•းแ€œိုแ€€္แพแ€€ေแ€œแ€›ာ แ€€ြแฝႏ္ုแ€•္แ€™ွာ แ€กแ€˜ိုးแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€œแ€„္แ€™แ€šား၏ แ€žแ€’แถါแพแ€€แ€Š္ျแ€–ဴแ€›ွိေแ€žာ แ€…ိแ€္ေแ€…แ€แ€”ာแ€€ို แ€†แ€„္ျแ€แ€„္ေแ€กာแ€€္ေแ€™့แ€žျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€™်แ€€္แ€›แ€Š္แ€™်ား แ€œแ€Š္แ€œာแ€™ိ၏။


แ€€ြแฝႏ္ုแ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”၏แ€™ီးแ€›แ€‘ားแ€ြဲေแ€•แš၌ แ€แ‚ုแ€္၊ แ€€ုแ€œားแ€…แ€žแ€Š့္ แ€กျแ€ားแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€™်ားแ€œแ€Š္แ€•ါแ€›ွိေแ€œแ€›ာ แ€€ြแฝႏ္ုแ€•္แ€€ “แ€แ€„္แ€—်ားแ€ိုแ‚” แ€ိုแ€„္း ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€™ွာ แ€’ီแ€œိုแ€žแ€’แถါแพแ€€แ€Š္ျแ€–ဴแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€›แ€€္แ€›แ€€္ေแ€›ာေแ€›ာေแ€•းแ€œား แ€€แ€™္းแ€œား แ€œုแ€•္แพแ€€แ€ာแ€€ို ျแ€™แ€„္แ€–ူးแพแ€€ံဳแ€–ူးแ€›ဲแ‚•แ€œား” แ€Ÿု ေแ€™းแ€œိုแ€€္ แ€žျแ€–แ€„့္ ၎แ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ แ€™ျแ€™แ€„္แ€–ူး၊ แ€™แพแ€€ံဳแ€–ူးေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းႏွแ€„့္ แ€แ€”္แ€ံแ€‘ြแ€€္แ€†ိုแพแ€€၏။ แ€‘ိုแ€กแ€ါ၌แ€€ား แ€€ြแฝႏ္ုแ€•္แ€žแ€Š္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာျแ€–แ€…္แ€›ျแ€แ€„္းแ€แ€Š္း แ€Ÿူေแ€žာแ€กျแ€–แ€…္แ€€ို แ€กแ€œြแ€”္แ€แ€›ာแ€แ€™္းေျแ€™ာแ€€္ แ€‚ုแ€္ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€œ်แ€€္ “ေแ€Ÿာแ€’ါแ€™ွ แ€—แ€™ာแ€€ြ” แ€Ÿု แ€Ÿแ€…္ေแ€กာ္แ€™ေႂแ€€ြးေแพแ€€ာ္ေแ€žာ္ แ€œแ€Š္း แ€€ြแฝႏ္ုแ€•္၏แ€™်แ€€္ႏွာแ€‘ားแ€žแ€Š္ แ€‘ိုแ€กေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€€ို ေแ€–ာ္แ€‘ုแ€္ျแ€•แ€žေแ€”แ€Ÿแ€”္ แ€œแ€€แกแ€ာแ€›ွိแ€›แ€€ား แ€กแ€”ီးแ€ြแ€„္ แ€œိုแ€€္แ€•ါ แ€œာแพแ€€ေแ€žာ แ€แ‚ုแ€္ႏွแ€„့္แ€€ုแ€œားแ€แ€›ီးแ€žแ€Š္แ€™်ားแ€€ “ေแ€ာ္แ€•ါေแ€•แ€แ€š္แ€—်ာ။ แ€แ€„္แ€—်ားแ€ိုแ‚”แ€—แ€™ာေแ€ြ แ€กာแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€…ိแ€္ေแ€€ာแ€„္း แ€แ€š္။ แ€กားแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€€ူแ€Šီแ€แ€š္” แ€Ÿု แ€€ြแฝႏ္ုแ€•္แ€กား ေแ€–ာ္แ€‘ုแ€္แ€แ€”္แ€ံแ€žြားแพแ€€แ€›၏။


“ေแ€›ႊแ€—แ€™ာแ€ိုแ‚”แ€œုแ€•္แ€œိုแ€€္แ€™ွျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€’ီแ€œိုแ€်แ€Š္းแ€•ဲ” แ€Ÿု แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်แ€›ြแ€္แ€†ိုေแ€œ့แ€›ွိေแ€žာ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€™်ားแ€กား แ€คแ€กแ€်แ€€္แ€€ို แ€กแ€‘แ€•္แ€‘แ€•္ ႏွแ€œံုးแ€žြแ€„္းေแ€…แ€œို၏။

● ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€€ို ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ‚ႈแ€္แ€်แ€‘ိုแ€€္แ€žေแ€œာ
 ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိး၌ แ€Šံ့แ€–်แ€„္းေแ€žာแ€กแ€်แ€€္แ€™်ားแ€›ွိျแ€แ€„္း၊ ေแ€€ာแ€„္းျแ€™แ€္ေแ€žာแ€กแ€်แ€€္แ€™်ားแ€›ွိျแ€แ€„္းแ€€ို แ€กแ€•แ€‘ား၍ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိး แ€กေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€€ို ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€กแ€်แ€„္းแ€်แ€„္းแ€€ แฟแ€™ိแ€”္ေแ€›แ€›ွแ€€္ေแ€› แ€€ဲ့แ€›ဲแ‚•แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်แ€‘ိုแ€€္แ€žေแ€œာแ€Ÿု แ€…แ€ฅ္းแ€…ားแ€†แ€„္ျแ€แ€„္ေแ€…แ€œိုေแ€žး၏။ แ€€ြแฝႏ္ုแ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€žแ€Š္ ‘แ€กแ€™ိျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာျแ€•แ€Š္’ แ€Ÿူေแ€žာแ€…แ€€ားแ€€ို แ€ိုแ€„္းေแ€›းျแ€•แ€Š္แ€™ႈႏွแ€„့္แ€•แ€္แ€žแ€€္ေแ€žာ ေแ€”แ€›ာแ€ိုแ€„္းแ€žံုးႏႈแ€”္းแพแ€€ေแ€žာ แ€…แ€€ားแ€™ွ်แ€žာျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€•แ€›ာ แ€กแ€™ိျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာျแ€•แ€Š္แ€€ို แ€်แ€…္แ€แ€„္ျแ€แ€„္းแ€†ိုแ€žแ€Š္แ€™ွာ แ€™ိแ€™ိแ€ိုแ‚”၏ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာျแ€•แ€Š္ႏွแ€„့္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ို แ€်แ€…္แ€แ€„္ျแ€แ€„္း แ€™ွ်แ€žာျแ€–แ€…္၏။ แ€žိုแ‚”ျแ€–แ€…္แ€›แ€€ား ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€กแ€™်ဳိးแ€žားแ€žแ€Š္แ€•แ€„္แ€œွ်แ€„္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€ိုแ‚”၏ แ€™ိแ€แ€„္ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€်၏။ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€กแ€™်ဳိးแ€žားแ€ိုแ‚”၏ แ€ก ေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€€ို แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်ေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုျแ€แ€„္းแ€žแ€Š္ แ€กแ€™ိျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာျแ€•แ€Š္แ€กေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€€ို แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်ေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုแ€›ာေแ€›ာแ€€္၏။ แ€กแพแ€€แ€„္แ€žူแ€แ€…္ ေแ€šာแ€€္၏ แ€™ိแ€แ€„္แ€žแ€Š္ แ€กแ€€်แ€„့္แ€…ာแ€›ိแ€ၱ แ€™ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€žျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€œแ€„္แ€„แ€š္ေแ€”ျแ€„ားแ€กံ့။ แ€‘ိုแ€žူแ€žแ€Š္ แ€™ိแ€แ€„္แ€œแ€„္แ€„แ€š္ေแ€”ေแ€žာแ€กျแ€–แ€…္ แ€€ို แฟแ€™ိแ€”္ေแ€› แ€›ွแ€€္ေแ€›ႏွแ€„့္ แ€‘ုแ€္ေแ€–ာ္ေแพแ€€แ€Šာျแ€แ€„္းျแ€•ဳေแ€်แ€™แ€Š္ေแ€œာ။ แ€™ိแ€แ€„္แ€™ေแ€€ာแ€„္းေแ€žာแ€กျแ€–แ€…္แ€€ို แ€œူแ€žူေแ€œးแ€•ါးแ€ိုแ‚”ေแ€›ွแ‚•၌ แ€กแ€ါแ€กแ€ြแ€„့္แ€žแ€„့္แ€ိုแ€„္းေแ€–ာ္แ€‘ုแ€္แ€…ြแ€•္แ€…ြဲျแ€แ€„္းျแ€•ဳေแ€်แ€™แ€Š္ေแ€œာ။ แ€…แ€„္แ€…แ€…္ေแ€žာ္แ€€ား แ€™ိแ€™ိแ€œူแ€™်ဳိး၏ แ€™ေแ€€ာแ€„္းေแ€žာแ€กျแ€–แ€…္၊ แ€Šံ့แ€–်แ€„္းแ€žိแ€™္แ€„แ€š္ေแ€žာแ€กျแ€–แ€…္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ို
ေแ€–ာ္แ€‘ုแ€္แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်ေแ€žာ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€กแ€™်ဳိးแ€žားแ€žแ€Š္ แ€™ိแ€™ိ၏ေแ€™ြးแ€žแ€™ိแ€แ€„္ေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€€ို แ€•แ€›ိแ€žแ€္แ€—ိုแ€œ္แ€‘ုแ€กแ€œแ€š္แ€ြแ€„္ ေแ€–ာ္แ€‘ုแ€္แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်ေแ€žာแ€žူႏွแ€„့္ ျแ€ားแ€”ားျแ€แ€„္းแ€™แ€›ွိေแ€်။ แ€คแ€กျแ€แ€„္းแ€กแ€›ာႏွแ€„့္ႏႈိแ€„္းแ€…ာေแ€žာ္ ‘แ€€ိုแ€š့္ေแ€•ါแ€„္แ€€ိုแ€š္แ€œွแ€”္ေแ€‘ာแ€„္း’ ျแ€แ€„္းแ€แ€Š္းแ€Ÿူေแ€žာ แ€ฅแ€•แ€™ာแ€žแ€Š္ แ€กแ€œြแ€”္ေแ€•်ာ့ေแ€”ေแ€žး၏။ ေแ€™ြးแ€žแ€™ိแ€แ€„္แ€กေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€€ို แฟแ€™ိแ€”္แ€–ြแ€š္แ€›ွแ€€္แ€–ြแ€š္ แ€กားแ€›แ€•ါးแ€› แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်แ€€ဲ့แ€›ဲแ‚•ျแ€แ€„္းแ€€ဲ့แ€žိုแ‚” แ€™ိုแ€€္แ€™ဲေแ€žာแ€กျแ€•ဳแ€กแ€™ူแ€žแ€Š္ แ€›ွိแ€™แ€Š္แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္ေแ€်။


แ€‘ိုျแ€•แ€„္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိး၏ แ€กแ€€်แ€„့္แ€…ာแ€›ိแ€ၱแ€€ို ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€€ိုแ€š္แ€ိုแ€„္แ€€ แ€€ဲ့แ€›ဲแ‚•แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်ျแ€แ€„္းแ€žแ€Š္ แ€กแ€˜แ€š္แ€™ွ်ေแ€œာแ€€္ แ€กแ€€်ဳိးแ€†ုแ€္แ€šုแ€္แ€•်แ€€္ျแ€•ားแ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿု แ€…แ€ฅ္းแ€…ားแ€†แ€„္ျแ€แ€„္แ€™ိแพแ€€แ€Ÿแ€”္แ€™แ€ူေแ€်။ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာို ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€€ แ€€ဲ့แ€›ဲแ‚•แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်ျแ€แ€„္းแ€žแ€Š္ แ€šแ€ုแ€กแ€ါแ€ြแ€„္ แ€กแ€œြแ€”္ေแ€แ€္แ€…ားแ€œ်แ€€္แ€›ွိแ€›แ€€ား แ€แ€…္แ€ฆးแ€€แ€…၍ ေျแ€•ာแ€œိုแ€€္แ€œွ်แ€„္ แ€กแ€”ီးแ€›ွိแ€œူแ€™်ားแ€€ แ€ိုแ€„္းแ€แ€”္းေแ€‘ာแ€€္แ€ံแ€œိုแ€€္ แพแ€€แ€žแ€Š္แ€žာ แ€™်ားေแ€”ေแ€ာ့၏။ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€€ို แ€€ဲ့แ€›ဲแ‚•แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်ေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုแ€žံ แ€†แ€š္แ‚€แ€€ိแ€™္แพแ€€ားแ€žแ€Š့္แ€กแ€”แ€€္แ€ြแ€„္ แ€แ€…္แ‚€แ€€ိแ€™္แ€ေแ€œแ€™ွာ แ€™ွ် แ€แ€…္แ€ฆးแ€แ€…္ေแ€šာแ€€္ေแ€žာแ€žူแ€€ แ€ုแ€ံေแ€်แ€•ေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုျแ€แ€„္းแ€€ိုแ€™ွ် แ€™แพแ€€ားแ€–ူးေแ€်။ แ€€ုแ€œားႏွแ€„့္แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ို แ€€ဲ့แ€›ဲแ‚•แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်แ€žံ แ€†แ€š္แ‚€แ€€ိแ€™္แพแ€€ားแ€›แ€žแ€Š့္แ€กแ€ါ ၎แ€ိုแ‚”แ€˜แ€€แ€™ွ แ€ုแ€ံေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုแ€žူ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€แ€…္ေแ€šာแ€€္แ€ေแ€œแ€™ွ်ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€… ေแ€•แšแ€‘ြแ€€္แ€แ€္ေแ€•แ€›ာ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€€ို ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€€ แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်แ€€ဲ့แ€›ဲแ‚•แ€›ာแ€ါแ€„္แ€™ွ แ€ုแ€ံေแ€်แ€•แ€œိုแ€žူ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€แ€…္ေแ€šာแ€€္แ€ေแ€œแ€™ွ် แ€‘ြแ€€္ျแ€•ဴေแ€–ာ္แ€™แ€›ျแ€แ€„္းแ€™ွာ แ€แ€™္း แ€”แ€Š္းแ€–ိုแ‚”ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€œွ၏။

● แ€€ာแ€€ြแ€š္แ€›แ€”္แ€”แ€Š္းแ€œแ€™္း
 แ€žိုแ‚”ေแ€žာ္ แ€คแ€€ိแ€…แฅแ€™ွာ แ€แ€™္းแ€”แ€Š္းေแ€”แ‚ံုแ€™ွ်แ€™แฟแ€•ီး။ ျแ€™แ€”แ€™ာ၏แ€กแ€€်ဳိးแ€€ို แ€‘ိแ€ိုแ€€္แ€œ်แ€€္แ€›ွိေแ€žာေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ แ€ုแ€ံแ€€ာแ€€ြแ€š္แ€›แ€”္ แ€”แ€Š္းแ€œแ€™္းแ€›ွာแพแ€€ံแพแ€€แ€›ေแ€•แ€™แ€Š္။ แ€‘ိแ€ိုแ€€္แ€•ံုแ€€ား ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€€ို ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€€ แ€กแ€‘แ€„္แ€กျแ€™แ€„္ေแ€žးแ€žိแ€™္ေแ€”แ€ဲ့แ€œွ်แ€„္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€กแ€်แ€„္းแ€်แ€„္း แ€–แ€€္แ€…แ€•္္แ€œုแ€•္แ€€ိုแ€„္แพแ€€แ€›แ€™แ€Š့္ แ€œုแ€•္แ€„แ€”္แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€™်ား၊ แ€กแ€…ုแ€…แ€•္แ€€ုแ€™แธแ€ီแ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€™်ား แ€…แ€žแ€Š္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ို ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€™်ားแ€žแ€Š္ แ€˜แ€š္ေแ€žာ แ€กแ€ါแ€ြแ€„္ แ€…แ€แ€„္แ€œုแ€•္แ€€ိုแ€„္ႏိုแ€„္แ€›แ€”္แ€›ွိแ€กံ့แ€”แ€Š္း။ แ€™แ€Š္แ€žူแ€™แ€†ို แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€แ€…္แ€ုแ€€ို แ€œုแ€•္แ€€ိုแ€„္แ€žแ€Š့္แ€กแ€ါ แ€„ါแ€žแ€Š္ แ€คแ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€€ို แ€‘ေျแ€™ာแ€€္ေแ€กာแ€„္ แ€…ြแ€™္းေแ€†ာแ€„္ႏိုแ€„္ေแ€žာ แ€กแ€›แ€Š္แ€กแ€်แ€„္းแ€›ွိแ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿု แ€šံုแพแ€€แ€Š္แ€…ိแ€္แ€်ႏိုแ€„္ေแ€žာ แ€…ိแ€္แ€žေแ€˜ာแ€™်ဳိးแ€›ွိแ€‘ားแ€–ိုแ‚” แ€ก ေแ€›းแ‚€แ€€ီးေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€€ို แ€œူแ€ိုแ€„္းแ€•แ€„္แ€”ားแ€œแ€Š္แ€›แพแ€€แ€™แ€Š္ျแ€–แ€…္၏။ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ိုแ€™ီ၍ แ€œုแ€•္แ€€ိုแ€„္แ€›ေแ€žာ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€™်ဳိးแ€ြแ€„္แ€œแ€Š္းေแ€€ာแ€„္း၊ ၎แ€…ိแ€္แ€žေแ€˜ာแ€™်ဳိးแ€›ွိแ€–ိုแ‚” แ€กแ€œားแ€ူแ€กေแ€›းแ‚€แ€€ီး၏။ แ€…แ€„္แ€…แ€…္แ€™ွာ แ€žာแ€œြแ€”္၍แ€•แ€„္แ€กေแ€›းแ‚€แ€€ီး၏။ แ€แ€…္แ€ฆးႏွแ€„့္แ€แ€…္แ€ฆး แ€šံုแพแ€€แ€Š္แ€…ိแ€္ แ€်ႏိုแ€„္ေแ€žာ แ€…ိแ€္แ€žေแ€˜ာแ€™်ဳိး แ€™ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€•แšေแ€”แ€žแ€™ွ် แ€€ာแ€œแ€•แ€္แ€œံုး แ€€ြแฝႏု္แ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€žแ€Š္ แ€™แ€Š္แ€€ဲ့แ€žိုแ‚”ေแ€žာ แ€กုแ€•္แ€်ဳแ€•္ ေแ€›းแ€…แ€”แ€…္แ€™်ဳိးแ€€ိုแ€›แ€›ွိแ€žแ€Š္ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€… แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€กแ€€ိုแ€„္แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€™်ား ျแ€–แ€…္ေျแ€™ာแ€€္ေแ€กာแ€„္ แ€œုแ€•္แ€€ိုแ€„္ႏိုแ€„္แ€™แ€Š္แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္ေแ€်แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€กแ€€ိုแ€„္แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€™်ားแ€€ိုျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€กာแ€„္แ€™แ€…ြแ€™္းေแ€†ာแ€„္ႏိုแ€„္ေแ€žးแ€žแ€™ွ်แ€€ာแ€œแ€•แ€္แ€œံုး แ€…ီးแ€•ြားေแ€›းแ€˜แ€€္แ€ြแ€„္ แ€်ဳိแ‚•แ€„ဲ့၍ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ြဲแ€™်ား ေแ€กာแ€€္แ€™ွာ แ€กแ€…แ€ฅ္แ€™แฟแ€™ဲแพแ€€แ€›แ€™แ€Š္ แ€งแ€€แ€”္แ€™แ€œႊဲေแ€•แ€แ€Š္း။


แ€šแ€ုแ€กแ€ါ แ€”ိแ€•แธแ€”္แ€€ို ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€œာแ€ဲ့แพแ€€แ€žแ€Š့္ แ€‘ိုုแ€€္แ€แ€”္ေแ€žာ แ€กုแ€•္แ€်ဳแ€•္ေแ€›းแ€™်ဳိး ေแ€•းแ€กแ€•္ေแ€ာ့แ€™แ€Š္แ€†ိုแ€›ာ แ€€ြแฝႏု္แ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€™်ားแ€กแ€–ိုแ‚” แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€กแ€€ိုแ€„္แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€™်ား แ€…แ€แ€„္แ€แ€Š္ေแ€‘ာแ€„္แ€›แ€”္ แ€กแ€ြแ€„့္แ€กแ€œแ€™္းแ€™်ားแ€žแ€Š္ แ€กแ€ိုแ€„္းแ€™แ€žိ ေแ€กာแ€„္ေแ€•แšေแ€•ါแ€€္ေแ€•ေแ€ာ့แ€™แ€Š္။ แ€‘ိုแ€กแ€ါแ€ြแ€„္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€€ို ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€€ แ€กแ€‘แ€„္แ€กျแ€™แ€„္ေแ€žးแ€ဲ့แ€œွ်แ€„္ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€œုแ€•္แ€›แ€”္แ€•แ€„္ ျแ€–แ€…္ႏိုแ€„္แ€™แ€Š္แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္ေแ€žာေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ แ€™ိแ€™ိแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ို แ€™ိแ€™ိแ€กแ€‘แ€„္ေแ€žးแ€กျแ€™แ€„္ေแ€žးေแ€žာ แ€…ိแ€္แ€žေแ€˜ာแ€‘ားแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ို แ€šแ€ုแ€™ွแ€…၍ แ€•แ€š္ေแ€–်ာแ€€္แ€›แ€”္ แ‚€แ€€ိဳးแ€…ားแพแ€€แ€›ေแ€•แ€œိแ€™့္แ€™แ€Š္။ แ€€ြแฝႏု္แ€•္แ€ိုแ‚” แ€†ိုแ€œိုแ€›แ€„္แ€€ား ေแ€™းแ€žแ€™ိแ€แ€„္၏ แ€™ေแ€€ာแ€„္းေแ€žာแ€กแ€်แ€€္แ€แ€…္แ€ုแ€€ို แ€žိแ€‘ားေแ€žာแ€žားแ€žแ€Š္ แ€‘ိုแ€กแ€်แ€€္แ€€ို แ€•แ€š္ေแ€–်ာแ€€္แ€›แ€”္ แ€ဲแ€šแ€ฅ္းแ€™แ€Š္แ€™ွแ€”္ေแ€žာ္แ€œแ€Š္း แ€™ိแ€™ိแ€€ိုแ€š္แ€ိုแ€„္ แ€‘ိုแ€กေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€€ို แ€‘ုแ€္ေแ€–ာ္ေแพแ€€แ€Šာျแ€แ€„္းแ€™ွ ေแ€›ွာแ€„္းแพแ€€แ€ฅ္ျแ€แ€„္း၊ แ€žူแ€แ€…္แ€•ါးแ€ိုแ‚”ေျแ€•ာแพแ€€แ€žแ€Š္แ€€ို ႏွိแ€•္แ€€ြแ€•္แ€–ံုးแ€กုแ€•္ျแ€แ€„္းแ€…แ€žแ€Š္ျแ€–แ€„္
့ แ€กแ‚ုแ€•္แ€†ိုး แ€žแ€Š္แ€‘แ€€္ แ€™แ€†ိုးแ€›ေแ€œေแ€กာแ€„္ แ€€ာแ€€ြแ€š္ေแ€…ာแ€„့္ေแ€›ွာแ€€္ႏိုแ€„္ေแ€žာ แ€”แ€Š္းแ€œแ€™္းแ€›ွိေแ€žး၏။


ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€ိုแ‚” แ€Šံ့แ€–်แ€„္းแ€žแ€Š္แ€†ိုေแ€žာแ€กแ€်แ€€္แ€™်ားแ€™ွ แ€กแ€‘แ€€္แ€ြแ€„္ေแ€–ာ္ျแ€•แ€ဲ့แ€žแ€Š့္แ€กแ€ိုแ€„္း แ€แ€•္แ€กแ€•္ေแ€žแ€်ာแ€…ြแ€•္แ€…ြဲႏိုแ€„္แ€žแ€Š္แ€œแ€Š္းแ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္။ ၎แ€ိုแ‚”ႏွแ€„့္ แ€ုႏွိแ€™္ေแ€œာแ€€္ေแ€…แ€›แ€”္ แ€…แ€„္แ€…แ€…္ေแ€€ာแ€„္းျแ€™แ€္ေแ€žာ แ€กแ€်แ€€္แ€™်ားแ€žแ€Š္ แ€’ုႏွแ€„့္ေแ€’းแ€›ွိေแ€”ေแ€žးแ€žแ€Š္ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€•แ€›แ€€ား แ€€ြแฝႏု္แ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€žแ€Š္ แ€™ိแ€แ€„္၏แ€กแ€›ွแ€€္แ€€ို แ€€ာแ€€ြแ€š္แ€žแ€Š့္แ€กแ€œားแ€€ဲ့แ€žိုแ‚” แ€€ြแฝႏု္แ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ိ แ€€ြแฝႏု္แ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ိုแ€š္แ€ိုแ€„္ แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်แ€กแ€›ွแ€€္แ€ြဲแ€›ာေแ€›ာแ€€္ေแ€žာ แ€…แ€€ားแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ို แ€†ိုျแ€แ€„္းแ€™ွ ေแ€›ွးแ€ฆးแ€…ြာ ေแ€›ွာแ€„္แพแ€€แ€ฅ္แ€กแ€•္ေแ€•၏။ แ€’ုแ€ိแ€šแ€กแ€်แ€€္၌ แ€‘ိုแ€€ဲ့แ€žိုแ‚” แ‚ႈแ€္แ€်แ€กแ€›ွแ€€္แ€ြဲแ€›ာေแ€›ာแ€€္ေแ€žာ แ€…แ€€ားแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ို แ€žူแ€แ€…္แ€•ါးแ€ိုแ‚”แ€†ိုแ€žแ€Š္แ€€ို แพแ€€ားแ€›ေแ€žာแ€กแ€ါ แ€กแ€€်ဳိးแ€กแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€€ို แ€”แ€Š္းแ€žแ€„့္แ€œแ€™္းแ€žแ€„့္ ေแ€–ာ္ျแ€•၍ ေแ€ာแ€„္းแ€•แ€”္แ€ားျแ€™แ€…္แ€กแ€•္ေแ€•၏။ แ€คแ€…ာแ€€ို แ€–แ€္แ‚ႈแ€›ေแ€žာ แ€™ိแ€္ေแ€†ြแ€กေแ€•ါแ€„္းแ€ိုแ‚”แ€žแ€Š္ แ€กแ€‘แ€€္ေแ€–ာ္ျแ€•ာแ€•ါ แ€กျแ€แ€„္းแ€กแ€›ာแ€™်ားแ€€ုိ ေแ€€်แ€”แ€•္ႏွแ€…္แฟแ€ိဳแ€€္แ€žျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€กแ€‘แ€€္แ€•ါแ€”แ€Š္းแ€œแ€™္းแ€กแ€ိုแ€„္း แ€œိုแ€€္แ€”ာေแ€†ာแ€„္แ€›ြแ€€္แ€•ါေแ€ာ့แ€™แ€Š္แ€Ÿု แ€žႏိแทแ€Œာแ€”္แ€်แ€‘ားแพแ€€แ€•ါแ€™ူ แ€€ြแฝႏု္แ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”ေแ€›းแ€žားแ€žแ€ိေแ€•းแ€›แ€€်ဳိးแ€”แ€•္แ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿု แ€žေแ€˜ာแ€‘ား၍ แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ို แ€กแ€Šြแ€”္แ‚”แ€ံုးေแ€กာแ€„္ ျแ€•ဳแ€œုแ€•္แ€›ာေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€žแ€Š့္ แ€กေแ€œ့แ€กแ€€်แ€„့္แ€†ိုးแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€แ€…္แ€ုแ€žแ€Š္แ€œแ€Š္း แ€€ြแ€š္ေแ€•်ာแ€€္แ€›แ€”္ แ€กေျแ€แ€ံแ€žြားแฟแ€•ီแ€Ÿူ၍ แ€šံုแพแ€€แ€Š္ေแ€™ွ်ာ္แ€œแ€„့္แ€™ိေแ€•ေแ€ာ့แ€žแ€แ€Š္း။

ေแ€›ႊแ€ฅေแ€’ါแ€„္း

Credit : Moe Ma ka

'ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံ့แ€แ€”္แ€‘แ€™္းแ€™်ားแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€œြแ€္แ€œแ€•္แ€…ြာ ေျแ€•ာแ€†ိုแ€ြแ€„့္'


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แ€œြแ€္แ€œแ€•္แ€ဲ့ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€…ာแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€™ီแ€’ီแ€šာ แ€œုแ€•္แ€„แ€”္းแ€™်ားแ€Ÿာ ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€ိုแ€„္းแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€ိုแ€„္း แ€กแ€ြแ€€္ แ€กแ€„္แ€™แ€แ€”္ แ€กေแ€›းแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€แ€š္ แ€†ိုแ€ာแ€€ို แ€แ€…္แ€€แ€™แปာแ€œံုး แ€žိแพแ€€แ€แ€š္။ แ€’ီแ€™ိုแ€€ေแ€›แ€…ီ ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံေแ€ြแ€™ႇแ€žိแ€ာ แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္แ€˜ူး။ แ€กာแ€ာแ€›ႇแ€„္ေแ€ြแ€œแ€Š္းแ€žိ၊ แ€–แ€€္แ€†แ€…္ေแ€ြแ€œแ€Š္း แ€žိแ€แ€š္။

แ€…ံแ€แ€„္ေแ€œာแ€€္ေแ€กာแ€„္ေแ€ာ္แ€ဲ့ แ€Ÿแ€…္แ€แ€œာ


แ€žိแ€ဲ့แ€กแ€ြแ€€္ แ€˜แ€š္ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€™ႇာแ€™แ€†ို แ€กာแ€ာแ€žိแ€™္းแ€•ြဲแ€แ€…္แ€ု ျแ€–แ€…္แฟแ€•ီ แ€†ုိแ€›แ€„္ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€…ာแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€กแ€žံแ€œႊแ€„့္แ€Œာแ€”ေแ€ြแ€€ို แ€กแ€…ိုးแ€›แ‚ုံး แ€žแ€™แผแ€แ€กိแ€™္ေแ€ာ္၊ แ€œႊแ€္ေแ€ာ္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€”ဲแ‚”แ€กแ€ူ แ€กแ€›แ€„္แ€†ံုး แ€žိแ€™္းแ€•ိုแ€€္แพแ€€แ€แ€š္။ แ€’ီแ€™ိုแ€€ေแ€›แ€…ီ แ€กแ€…ိုးแ€›ေแ€ြแ€€ 
แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€™ီแ€’ီแ€šာแ€›ဲแ‚•แ€แ€”္แ€–ိုးแ€€ို แ€žိေแ€•แ€™แ€š့္  แ€แ€”္แ€–ိုး แ€žိแ€•္แ€‘ားေแ€œ့ แ€™แ€›ႇိแพแ€€แ€˜ူး။ แ€žူแ€ိုแ‚”แ€กแ€ြแ€€္ แ€กแ€žံုးแ€်แ€œိုแ‚” แ€›แ‚ုံေแ€œာแ€€္แ€žာ ေแ€”แ€›ာေแ€•းแพแ€€แ€แ€š္။ แ€กာแ€ာแ€›ႇแ€„္ေแ€ြแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€”ာแ€‡ီေแ€ြ แ€–แ€€္แ€†แ€…္ေแ€ြแ€€ေแ€ာ့ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€™ီแ€’ီแ€šာแ€›ဲแ‚• แ€แ€”္แ€–ိုးแ€€ို 
ေแ€€ာแ€„္းေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€žိแ€žแ€œို ေแ€€ာแ€„္းေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€œแ€Š္း แ€กแ€žံုးแ€်แพแ€€แ€แ€š္။ แ€‚်ာแ€™แ€”္แ€กာแ€ာแ€›ႇแ€„္แ‚€แ€€ီး แ€Ÿแ€…္แ€แ€œာแ€Ÿာ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€™ီแ€’ီแ€šာแ€€ို แ€กแ€žံုးแ€်แ€ဲ့ ေแ€”แ€›ာแ€™ႇာ แ€…ံแ€แ€„္ေแ€œာแ€€္ေแ€กာแ€„္ ေแ€ာ္แ€ဲ့แ€žူ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€แ€š္။ แ€…แ€…္แ€กแ€ြแ€„္း แ€”ာแ€‡ီ แ€กแ€žံแ€œႊแ€„့္แ€Œာแ€”แ€€ แ€œႊแ€„့္แ€œိုแ€€္แ€ဲ့ แ€žแ€แ€„္းေแ€ြแ€Ÿာ แ€”ာแ€‡ီแ€ိုแ‚”แ€›ဲแ‚• แ€…แ€…္ေแ€›း ေแ€กာแ€„္ျแ€™แ€„္แ€™ႈေแ€ြแ€€ို แ€กแ€™်ားแ‚€แ€€ီး แ€กေแ€‘ာแ€€္แ€กแ€€ူ ျแ€•ဳแ€ဲ့แ€แ€š္။ แ€’ီแ€กแ€žံแ€œႊแ€„့္แ€်แ€€္ေแ€ြေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ แ€‚်ာแ€™แ€”္ေแ€ြ ေแ€›แ€œแ€€္แพแ€€ားแ€€ိုျแ€–แ€္แฟแ€•ီး แ€”แ€€္ျแ€–แ€”္แ€•ဲ แ€œแ€”္แ€’แ€”္แฟแ€™ိဳแ‚•แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€€ို ေแ€›ာแ€€္ေแ€ာ့ แ€™แ€œိုแ€œို၊ แ€žแ€”္แ€˜แ€€္แ€ါแ€•ဲ ေแ€œแ€‘ီးแ€แ€•္ေแ€ြ ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€œာေแ€ာ့ แ€™แ€œိုแ€œိုแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€กแ€‚ၤแ€œแ€”္ แ€แ€…္แ€€ြแฝแ€”္းแ€œံုး แ€‘ိแ€္แ€œแ€”္แ‚”ေแ€်ာแ€€္แ€်ား ျแ€–แ€…္แ€€ုแ€”္แพแ€€แ€›แ€แ€š္။ แ€…ိแ€္แ€“ာแ€္ แ€…แ€…္แ€†แ€„္ေแ€›းแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€ါแ€’ျแ€–แ€”္แ‚”แ€်ိေแ€›း แ€ာแ€แ€”္แ€ံ ျแ€•แ€”္แพแ€€ားေแ€›းแ€แ€”္แ‚€แ€€ီး ''แ€‚ိုแ€˜แ€š္''แ€€ို แ€‚်ာแ€™แ€”္ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žူေแ€ြ แ€กားแ€œံုးแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€”ာแ€‡ီแ€แ€•္ေแ€ြแ€€แ€•ါ แ€–ိแ€”္แ‚”แ€–ိแ€”္แ‚”แ€ုแ€”္ေแ€กာแ€„္ ေแพแ€€ာแ€€္แพแ€€แ€›แ€แ€š္။


ေแ€Ÿာေแ€›ာแ€›ႇိแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€˜แ€”္แ€‡ိုแ€„္း


แ€กာแ€›ႇแ€ိုแ€€္แ€€ แ€‚်แ€•แ€”္แ€–แ€€္แ€†แ€…္ေแ€ြแ€œแ€Š္း แ€กแ€œားแ€ူ แ€กแ€žံแ€œႊแ€„့္แ€ါแ€’ျแ€–แ€”္แ‚” แ€œုแ€•္แ€„แ€”္းแ€€ို ေแ€€ာแ€„္းေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ‚€แ€€ီး แ€กแ€žံုးแ€်แ€ဲ့แ€ာแ€•ါแ€•ဲ။ ''แ€กာแ€›ႇแ€ိုแ€€္ แ€žာแ€ူแ€Šီแ€™ွ်ေแ€›း'' แ€”ဲแ‚” ''แ€™แ€Ÿာแ€กာแ€›ႇ แ€‘ူေแ€‘ာแ€„္ေแ€›း''แ€†ိုแ€ဲ့ แ€ိုแ€€်ဳိ แ€กแ€žံแ€œႊแ€„့္แ€Œာแ€”แ€›ဲแ‚• แ€ါแ€’ျแ€–แ€”္แ‚”แ€်ိေแ€›း แ€™ႈိแ€„္းแ€œံုးแ‚€แ€€ီးေแ€ြแ€Ÿာ แฟแ€—ိแ€ိแ€žွ်แ€›ဲแ‚• แ€€ိုแ€œိုแ€”ီ แ€‘แ€™္းแ€•ိုးေแ€กာแ€€္แ€€ แ‚ုแ€”္းแ€‘ြแ€€္แ€–ိုแ‚” แ€”แ€Š္းแ€™်ဳိးแ€…ံုแ€”ဲแ‚” แ‚€แ€€ိဳးแ€…ားေแ€”แ€ဲ့แพแ€€แ€ဲ့ แ€กာแ€›ႇႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€กားแ€œံုး แ€กေแ€•แšแ€™ႇာ แ€กแ€™်ားแ‚€แ€€ီး แ‚ိုแ€€္แ€แ€္แ€ဲ့แ€แ€š္။แ€€ြแฝแ€”္ေแ€ာ္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€†ီแ€™ႇာ แ€˜แ€š္ေแ€œာแ€€္แ€‘ိ แพแ€žแ€‡ာแ€œႊแ€™္းแ€™ိုးแ€ဲ့แ€žแ€œဲ แ€†ိုแ€›แ€„္ แ€•ါးแ‚ိုแ€€္แ€”ားแ‚ိုแ€€္ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€ံေแ€”แ€›แ€ဲ့แพแ€€ားแ€€ေแ€ာแ€„္ แ€œแ€€္แ€žီးแ€†ုแ€•္แ€€ို แ€†แ€”္แ‚”แ€แ€”္းแฟแ€•ီး ''แ€”ီแ€•ြแ€”္แ€˜ိแ‚ုแ€™ာ แ€˜แ€”္แ€‡ိုแ€„္း၊ แ€˜แ€”္แ€‡ိုแ€„္း''แ€œိုแ‚” ေแ€กာ္แ€ဲ့แ€กแ€‘ိ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€ဲ့แ€›แ€แ€š္။ แ€‚်แ€•แ€”္แ€…แ€€ား แ€™แ€แ€္ေแ€•แ€™แ€š့္ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€ိုแ€„္း ''ေแ€šာေแ€›ာแ€›ႇိ'' แ€”ဲแ‚” ''แ€˜แ€”္แ€‡ိုแ€„္း''ေแ€ာ့ ေแ€€ာแ€„္းေแ€€ာแ€„္း ေျแ€•ာแ€แ€္ေแ€”แพแ€€แ€แ€š္။


แ€แ€”္แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€แ€”္းแ€ူ


แ€…แ€…္ေแ€กးแ€€ာแ€œ แ€แ€…္ေแ€œွ်ာแ€€္แ€œံုးแ€™ႇာแ€œแ€Š္း แ€กေแ€›ႇแ‚•แ€ฅေแ€›ာแ€• ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံแ€กားแ€œံုးแ€™ႇာ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€™ီแ€’ီแ€šာแ€œုแ€•္แ€„แ€”္းแ€€ို ေแ€€ာแ€„္းေแ€€ာแ€„္း แ€กแ€žံုးแ€်แ€ဲ့แ€แ€š္။ แ€•แ€›ာแ€—แ€’ါแ€œိုแ€แ€•္แ€…္แ€œို แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€…ာแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€Œာแ€”แ‚€แ€€ီးေแ€ြแ€›ဲแ‚• แ€กแ€š္แ€’ီแ€ာแ€်ဳแ€•္ေแ€ြแ€Ÿာ แ€แ€”္แ‚€แ€€ီးေแ€ြေแ€œာแ€€္แ€”ီးแ€•ါး แ€กာแ€ာ แ€›ႇိแ€ဲ့แพแ€€แ€แ€š္။ ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံျแ€ားแ€€ို ေแ€…แ€œႊแ€္แ€ဲ့ แ€žแ€แ€„္းေแ€‘ာแ€€္ေแ€ြ แ€†ိုแ€›แ€„္แ€œแ€Š္း แ€žံแ€กแ€™แ€္แ‚€แ€€ီးေแ€ြแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€แ€”္းแ€ူေแ€œာแ€€္ แ€žေแ€˜ာแ€‘ားแพแ€€แ€แ€š္။ แ€แ€်ဳိแ‚• แ€žแ€แ€„္းေแ€‘ာแ€€္ေแ€ြแ€†ိုแ€žံแ€กแ€™แ€္แ‚€แ€€ီးေแ€ြแ€‘แ€€္ေแ€ာแ€„္ แพแ€žแ€‡ာ แ€›ႇိแพแ€€แ€แ€š္။ แ€…ိแ€္แ€်แ€›แ€ဲ့ แ€œแ€€္ေแ€›ြးแ€…แ€„္ေแ€ြแ€€ိုแ€™ႇ ေแ€›ြးแฟแ€•ီး ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံျแ€ား แ€žแ€แ€„္းေแ€‘ာแ€€္ แ€กျแ€–แ€…္ ေแ€…แ€œႊแ€္แ€ာ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€แ€š္။ แ€กဲแ€’ါေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ แ€’ီแ€œူေแ€ြแ€Ÿာ ေแ€ာ္แ€œแ€Š္းေแ€ာ္แพแ€€แ€แ€š္။ ႏႇေျแ€™ာแ€…แ€›ာေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€ာแ€€ แ€œူေแ€ာ္ေแ€ြแ€›ဲแ‚• แ€กแ€›แ€Š္แ€กแ€်แ€„္းေแ€ြ แ€œုแ€•္แ€›แ€Š္แ€€ိုแ€„္แ€›แ€Š္ေแ€ြแ€Ÿာ ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žူแ€œူแ€‘ု แ€กแ€ြแ€€္ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€›แ€™แ€š့္แ€กแ€…ား แ€žူแ€ိုแ‚”แ€•ါแ€ီแ€›ဲแ‚• แ€กแ€€်ဳိးแ€…ီးแ€•ြား แ€กแ€ြแ€€္ แ€žแ€€္แ€žแ€€္ แ€กေแ€Ÿာแ€žိแ€€ံ ျแ€–แ€…္แฟแ€•ီး แ€†ံုးแ‚ႈံးแ€žြားแ€›แ€ာแ€•ဲ။



แ€กแ€…ုိးแ€›แ€œုแ€•္แ€žแ€™ွ်แ€กားแ€œုံး ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€•ါแ€žแ€Š္แ€แ€„္แ€—်ား แ€œုแ€•္แ€ုိแ€„္း แ€กแ€…ုိးแ€›แ€€ แ€žေแ€˜ာแ€€်แฟแ€•ီး ေแ€”แ€›ာေแ€•းแ€œိแ€™့္แ€™แ€š္ แ€™แ€‘แ€„္แ€”ဲแ‚”၊ แ€˜แ€š္แ€žူแ€™ႇ แ€’ါေแ€œာแ€€္ แ€™แ€Šံ့แ€˜ူး။ ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€ာแ€€ုိ ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€แ€š္ေျแ€•ာ၊ แ€™ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€ာแ€€ုိ แ€™ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€˜ူးေျแ€•ာ၊ แ€™ႇแ€”္แ€›แ€„္แ€™ႇแ€”္แ€ဲ့แ€กแ€ုိแ€„္း၊ แ€™ႇားแ€›แ€„္แ€™ႇားแ€ဲ့แ€กแ€ုိแ€„္း แ€žိแ€€แกာแ€›ႇိแ€›ႇိ ေျแ€•ာแ€ဲ့ ေแ€›းแ€ဲ့แ€žူแ€™်ားแ€€ုိแ€žာ แ€œူေแ€ြแ€€ ေแ€œးแ€…ားแพแ€€แ€™ႇာ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€แ€š္။ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€žแ€™ားေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€œုိแ‚” แ€žแ€္แ€™ႇแ€္แพแ€€แ€™ႇာ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€แ€š္  . . .
แ€•แ€Š္แ€žူแ€œူแ€‘ုแ€™ႇแ€แ€…္แ€•ါး


แ€’ီแ€™ိုแ€€ေแ€›แ€…ီ ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံေแ€ြแ€€ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€…ာแ€†แ€›ာ แ€…แ€…္แ€…แ€…္ေแ€ြแ€€ေแ€ာ့ แ€žူแ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ို แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€…ာแ€†แ€›ာแ€กျแ€–แ€…္ แ€žแ€္แ€™ႇแ€္ေแ€œ့ แ€™แ€›ႇိแพแ€€แ€˜ူး။ แ€ါแ€’ါျแ€–แ€”္แ‚”แ€်ိေแ€›း แ€กแ€›ာแ€›ႇိေแ€ြแ€œိုแ‚”แ€•ဲ แ€žေแ€˜ာแ€‘ားแพแ€€แ€แ€š္။ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€žแ€™ား แ€†ိုแ€ာ ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žူแ€œူแ€‘ုแ€™ႇ แ€แ€…္แ€•ါး แ€˜แ€š္แ€žူแ‚”แ€žแ€…แฅာแ€ံแ€™ႇ แ€™ျแ€–แ€…္แ€›แ€˜ူး แ€†ိုแ€ဲ့ ျแ€•แ‚’ာแ€”္းแ€်แ€€္แ€€ို แ€žိแ€•္แ€กေแ€œးแ€‘ားแพแ€€แ€แ€š္။ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€žแ€™ားแ€…แ€…္แ€…แ€…္แ€Ÿာ ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žူแ€œူแ€‘ုแ€›ဲแ‚• แ€™်แ€€္ႏႇာแ€€แ€œြဲแฟแ€•ီး แ€˜แ€š္แ€žူแ‚” แ€™်แ€€္ႏႇာแ€™ႇ แ€™แพแ€€แ€Š့္แ€›แ€˜ူး။ แ€กแ€…ိုးแ€›แ€›ဲแ‚• แ€™်แ€€္ႏႇာแ€€ို แ€™แพแ€€แ€Š့္แ€›แ€žแ€œို ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံေแ€›းแ€•ါแ€ီ แ€กแ€–ြဲแ‚•แ€กแ€…แ€Š္းေแ€ြแ€›ဲแ‚• แ€™်แ€€္ႏႇာแ€€ိုแ€œแ€Š္း แ€™แพแ€€แ€Š့္แ€›แ€˜ူး။ แ€˜แ€š္แ€žူแ‚” แ€กေแ€‘ာแ€€္แ€กแ€•ံ့แ€€ိုแ€™ႇแ€œแ€Š္း แ€™แ€ံแ€šူแ€›แ€˜ူး။ แ€แ€…္แ€…ံုแ€แ€…္แ€ฆး แ€’ါแ€™ႇแ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္ แ€แ€…္แ€•ါแ€ီ แ€แ€…္แ€–ြဲแ‚•แ€แ€…္แ€…แ€Š္းแ€›ဲแ‚• แ€กေแ€‘ာแ€€္แ€กแ€•ံ့แ€€ို แ€›แ€šူ แ€œแ€€္แ€ံแ€™ိแ€›แ€„္ แ€˜แ€š္แ€”แ€Š္းแ€”ဲแ‚”แ€™ႇ ေျแ€–ာแ€„့္แ€™แ€္แ€™ႇแ€”္แ€€แ€”္แ€ဲ့ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€žแ€™ား แ€™ျแ€–แ€…္ႏိုแ€„္ေแ€ာ့แ€˜ူး။ ေแ€‘ာแ€€္แ€•ံ့ แ€€ူแ€Šီแ€ဲ့ แ€กแ€–ြဲแ‚•แ€กแ€…แ€Š္း แ€’ါแ€™ႇแ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္ แ€œူแ€•ုแ€‚ၢဳိแ€œ္แ€›ဲแ‚• แ€™်แ€€္ႏႇာแ€€ို แ€„ဲ့แพแ€€แ€Š့္แ€›ေแ€ာ့แ€™ႇာ แ€กေแ€žแ€กแ€်ာ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€แ€š္แ€œိုแ‚” ေแ€‘ာแ€€္ျแ€•ေแ€œ့ แ€›ႇိแพแ€€แ€แ€š္။


แ€แ€”္แ€–ိုးแ€‘ားေแ€œးแ€…ား


แ€’ီแ€œို แ€€်แ€„့္แ€แ€္ေแ€ြแ€€ို แ€œိုแ€€္แ€”ာ ေแ€…ာแ€„့္แ€‘ိแ€”္းแ€ဲ့ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€™ီแ€’ီแ€šာေแ€ြ แ€†ိုแ€›แ€„္ แ€…ာแ€–แ€္แ€•แ€›ိแ€žแ€္ ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žူแ€œူแ€‘ုแ€€แ€žာ แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္แ€˜ူး แ€กแ€…ိုးแ€›ေแ€ြแ€”ဲแ‚” ႏိုแ€„္แ€„ံေแ€›းแ€žแ€™ားေแ€ြแ€€แ€œแ€Š္း แ€แ€”္แ€–ိုးแ€‘ား ေแ€œးแ€…ားแพแ€€แ€แ€š္။ แ€‘ိုแ€€္แ€แ€”္แ€ဲ့ေแ€”แ€›ာแ€€ို ေแ€•းแพแ€€แ€แ€š္။ ေแ€›ႇးแ€€ แ€”แ€šူး ေแ€šာแ€€္แ€ိုแ€„္း၊ แ€ါแ€›ႇแ€„္แ€แ€”္แ€•ိုแ‚”แ€…္แ€ိုแ‚•แ€œို แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€…ာေแ€ြแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€ိုแ€„္းแ€™္แ€™แ€‚ၢแ€‡แ€„္းแ€œို แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€™แ€‚ၢแ€‡แ€„္းแ‚€แ€€ီးေแ€ြแ€€ แ€กแ€š္แ€’ီแ€ာေแ€ြ แ€žแ€แ€„္းေแ€‘ာแ€€္ေแ€ြ ေแ€™ာ္แ€…แ€€ို แ€žြားแ€›แ€„္ แ€€แ€›แ€„္แ€™แ€œแ€„္แ€€ ေแ€ါแ€„္းေแ€†ာแ€„္แ‚€แ€€ီးေแ€ြ แ€€ိုแ€š္แ€ိုแ€„္แ€€ แ€œแ€€္แ€ံ ေแ€ြแ‚•แ€†ံုေแ€œ့ แ€›ႇိแ€แ€š္။ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာျแ€•แ€Š္แ€™ႇာแ€œแ€Š္း แ€—ိုแ€œ္แ€်ဳแ€•္ေแ€”แ€แ€„္း แ€กแ€…ိုးแ€› แ€œแ€€္แ€‘แ€€္แ€€ แ€€်แ€„္းแ€•แ€ဲ့ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ€žแ€™ား แ€Šီแ€œာแ€ံ ေแ€ာแ€„္แ€žူแ€œแ€š္แ€žแ€™ားแ€Šီแ€œာแ€ံ แ€†ိုแ€ဲ့ แ€Šီแ€œာแ€ံแ‚€แ€€ီးေแ€ြแ€™ႇာ แ€†แ€›ာแ‚€แ€€ီးေแ€›ႊแ€ฅေแ€’ါแ€„္းแ€œို၊ แ€†แ€›ာแ€‡แ€แ€”แ€œို၊ แ€†แ€›ာแ€œူแ€‘ုแ€ฆးแ€œႇแ€œို แ€กแ€š္แ€’ီแ€ာแ‚€แ€€ီးေแ€ြแ€€ို ေแ€›ႇแ‚•แ€†ံုးแ€แ€”္း แ€—ိုแ€œ္แ€်ဳแ€•္ေแ€”แ€แ€„္းေแ€˜းแ€™ႇာ ေแ€”แ€›ာေแ€•းแฟแ€•ီး แ€‘ိုแ€„္ေแ€…แ€ာ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€แ€š္။


แ€žီแ€œ၊แ€žแ€™ာแ€“ိ၊ แ€žိแ€€แกာแ€›ႇိแ€›ႇိ


แ€กแ€ု แ€กแ€…ုိးแ€› แ€œแ€€္แ€‘แ€€္แ€™ႇာแ€œแ€Š္း แ€žแ€™แผแ€แ€žแ€…္ แ€ฆးแ€žိแ€”္းแ€…ိแ€”္แ€›ဲแ‚• แ€ုိแ€„္းျแ€•แ€Š္แ€€ုိ ေျแ€•ာแพแ€€ားแ€ဲ့ แ€•แ€‘แ€™แ€†ုံး แ€™ိแ€”္แ‚”แ€ြแ€”္းแ€™ႇာေแ€ာแ€„္ แ€…แ€ုแ€ၴแ€™แ‚‘ိဳแ€„္แ€›ဲแ‚• แ€กေแ€›းแ€•ါแ€•ုံแ€€ုိ แ€กแ€žိแ€กแ€™ႇแ€္ျแ€•ဳ แ€แ€”္แ€–ုိးแ€‘ားแฟแ€•ီး ေျแ€•ာแพแ€€ားแ€žြားแ€ဲ့แ€แ€š္။ ေแ€”ာแ€€္ေျแ€•ာแพแ€€ားแ€ဲ့ แ€™ိแ€”္แ‚”แ€ြแ€”္းแ€ုိแ€„္းแ€™ႇာแ€œแ€Š္း แ€…แ€ုแ€ၴแ€™แ‚‘ိဳแ€„္ แ€กေแพแ€€ာแ€„္း แ€กျแ€™ဲแ€œုိแ€œုိ แ€•ါแ€ဲ့แ€แ€š္။ แ€กแ€…ုိးแ€›แ€€ုိแ€š္แ€ုိแ€„္แ€€ แ€กแ€ုแ€œို แ€กေแ€œးแ€กแ€”แ€€္แ€‘ား ေျแ€•ာแพแ€€ားေแ€”แ€်ိแ€”္แ€™ႇာ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€™ီแ€’ီแ€šာแ€žแ€™ားแ€™်ား แ€˜แ€€္แ€€แ€œแ€Š္း แ€žီแ€œ၊ แ€žแ€™ာแ€“ိ၊ แ€žိแ€€แกာแ€›ႇိแ€›ႇိแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€€ုိแ€š့္แ€ာแ€แ€”္ แ€€ုိแ€š္ေแ€€်แ€•ြแ€”္แ€…ြာ แ€‘แ€™္းေแ€†ာแ€„္แ€–ုိแ‚” แ€œိုแ€กแ€•္แ€•ါแ€แ€š္။ แ€—ုိแ€œ္แ€်ဳแ€•္ေแ€”แ€แ€„္းေแ€˜းแ€™ႇာ ေแ€”แ€›ာေแ€•းแ€ံแ€ဲ့แ€›แ€ဲ့ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€…ာแ€†แ€›ာแ‚€แ€€ီးေแ€ြแ€œုိ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€žแ€™ား แ€’ီေแ€”แ‚” แ€˜แ€š္ႏႇေแ€šာแ€€္แ€™်ား แ€›ႇိแ€žแ€œဲแ€žုိแ‚” แ€€ုိแ€š့္แ€Ÿာแ€€ုိแ€š္ แ€†แ€”္းแ€…แ€…္แพแ€€แ€Š့္แพแ€€แ€–ုိแ‚” แ€œုိแ€แ€š္။ แ€กแ€”ာေแ€•แšแ€ုแ€္แ€€် ျแ€–แ€…္แพแ€€แ€›แ€„္แ€œแ€Š္း แ€™แ€แ€္ႏုိแ€„္แ€˜ူး။ แ€™ႇแ€”္แ€ဲ့แ€กแ€ုိแ€„္း ေျแ€•ာแ€›แ€™แ€š္ แ€†ုိแ€›แ€„္ แ€œแ€€္แ€်ဳိး ေแ€›แพแ€€แ€Š့္แ€ဲ့แ€กแ€ါแ€™ႇာ แ€œแ€€္แ€แ€…္แ€–แ€€္ေแ€ာแ€„္ ျแ€•แ€Š့္ေแ€กာแ€„္ แ€™แ€›ႇိแ€•ါแ€˜ူးแ€œုိแ‚”แ€•ဲ ေျแ€•ာแ€œိုแ€€္แ€•ါแ€›ေแ€…။


แ€’ါေแ€œာแ€€္แ€™แ€Šံ့แ€˜ူး


แ€กแ€…ုိးแ€›แ€€ แ€กแ€žိแ€กแ€™ႇแ€္ျแ€•ဳ ေแ€”แ€›ာေแ€•းแ€แ€š္ แ€†ုိแ€›แ€„္ แ€€ုိแ€š့္แ€˜แ€€္แ€€แ€œแ€Š္း แ€‘ိုแ€€္แ€แ€”္ေแ€กာแ€„္ေแ€ာ့ แ‚€แ€€ိဳးแ€…ားแ€›แ€™ႇာ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€แ€š္။ แ€กแ€…ုိးแ€› แ€œုแ€•္แ€žแ€™ွ်แ€กားแ€œုံး ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€•ါแ€žแ€Š္แ€แ€„္แ€—်ား แ€œုแ€•္แ€ုိแ€„္း แ€กแ€…ုိးแ€›แ€€ แ€žေแ€˜ာแ€€်แฟแ€•ီး ေแ€”แ€›ာေแ€•းแ€œိแ€™့္แ€™แ€š္ แ€™แ€‘แ€„္แ€”ဲแ‚”၊ แ€˜แ€š္แ€žူแ€™ႇ แ€’ါေแ€œာแ€€္ แ€™แ€Š့ံแ€˜ူး။ ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€ာแ€€ုိ ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€แ€š္ေျแ€•ာ၊ แ€™ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€ာแ€€ုိ แ€™ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€˜ူးေျแ€•ာ၊ แ€™ႇแ€”္แ€›แ€„္แ€™ႇแ€”္แ€ဲ့แ€กแ€ုိแ€„္း၊ แ€™ႇားแ€›แ€„္แ€™ႇားแ€ဲ့แ€กแ€ုိแ€„္း แ€žိแ€€แกာแ€›ႇိแ€›ႇိ ေျแ€•ာแ€ဲ့ ေแ€›းแ€ဲ့ แ€žူแ€™်ားแ€€ုိแ€žာ แ€œူေแ€ြแ€€ ေแ€œးแ€…ားแพแ€€แ€™ႇာ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€แ€š္။ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€žแ€™ားေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€œုိแ‚” แ€žแ€္แ€™ႇแ€္แพแ€€แ€™ႇာ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€แ€š္။ แ€ฅแ€•แ€™ာแ€กေแ€”แ€”ဲแ‚” ေျแ€•ာแ€›แ€›แ€„္ แ€’ီေแ€”แ‚” แ€กแ€…ုိးแ€›แ€€ แ€œแ€€္แ€”แ€€္แ€€ုိแ€„္ แ€•แ€‹ိแ€•แ€€แกေแ€ြ แ€›แ€•္แ€…ဲแ€–ုိแ‚” แฟแ€„ိแ€™္းแ€်แ€™္းေแ€›း แ€กแ€ြแ€€္ ေแ€ြแ‚•แ€†ုံ ေแ€†ြးေႏြးแ€–ုိแ‚” แ€–ိแ€္ေแ€แšแ€€แ€™္းแ€œႇแ€™္းแ€ာแ€Ÿာ ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€แ€š္။ แ€’ါေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€แ€š္แ€œုိแ‚” ေျแ€•ာแ€›ဲแ€›แ€™แ€š္ ေแ€›းแ€›ဲแ€›แ€™แ€š္။ แ€งแ€›ာแ€แ€ီျแ€™แ€…္แ€†ုံแ€™ႇာ แ€แ€Š္ေแ€†ာแ€€္แ€™แ€š့္ แ€†แ€Š္แ‚€แ€€ီးေแ€ြ แ€€ိแ€…แฅแ€€ုိ ျแ€•แ€”္แ€œแ€Š္ แ€žုံးแ€žแ€•္ေแ€œ့แ€œာေแ€”แ€•ါแ€แ€š္แ€œုိแ‚” ေျแ€•ာแ€ာ ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€แ€š္။ ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€แ€š္แ€œုိ့ ေแ€‘ာแ€€္แ€ံแ€›ဲแ€›แ€™แ€š္။ แ€žแ€™แผแ€แ€ฆးแ€žိแ€”္း แ€…ိแ€”္แ€€ ေแ€’แšေแ€กာแ€„္แ€†แ€”္းแ€…ုแพแ€€แ€Š္แ€€ုိ แ€œแ€€္แ€ံေแ€ြแ‚•แ€†ုံแ€ာแ€Ÿာ แ€กแ€„္แ€™แ€แ€”္ ေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€แ€š္။ ေแ€‘ာแ€€္แ€ံแ‚€แ€€ိဳแ€†ုိแ€›แ€™แ€š္။ แ€กแ€‘ူးแ€žျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€—ုိแ€œ္แ€်ဳแ€•္แ€“ာแ€္แ€•ုံ แ€်ိแ€”္แ€†ြဲแ€‘ားแ€ဲ့ ေแ€”แ€›ာแ€™ႇာ แ€“ာแ€္แ€•ုံแ€ြဲ แ‚ိုแ€€္แฟแ€•ီး แ€ုိแ€„္းျแ€•แ€Š္แ€€ แ€žိေแ€กာแ€„္ျแ€•แ€œုိแ€€္แ€ာแ€Ÿာ แ€กแ€…ုိးแ€›แ€กေแ€”แ€”ဲแ‚” แ€်แ€…္แพแ€€แ€Š္แ€›แ€„္းႏႇီးแ€œုိแ€…ိแ€္ แ€›ႇိေแพแ€€ာแ€„္း ျแ€•แ€žแ€ဲ့ แ€œแ€€แกแ€ာแ€แ€…္แ€›แ€•္ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€แ€š္။ แ€แ€™္းแ€žာแ€กားแ€› แ‚€แ€€ိဳแ€†ုိ ေแ€‘ာแ€€္แ€ံแ€›แ€™แ€š္။



แ€™ေแพแ€€ာแ€€္แ€™แ€›ြံแ‚•ေแ€‘ာแ€€္ျแ€•
แ€กแ€œားแ€ူแ€•ဲ แ€™แ€žแ€„့္ေแ€œ်ာ္แ€˜ူးแ€œုိแ‚” แ€‘แ€„္ျแ€™แ€„္ แ€šူแ€†แ€…แ€›ာแ€™်ား แ€›ႇိแ€›แ€„္แ€œแ€Š္း แ€™ေแพแ€€ာแ€€္แ€™แ€›ြံแ‚• ေแ€‘ာแ€€္ျแ€•แ€›แ€™ႇာ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€แ€š္။ แ€ฅแ€•แ€™ာ แ€…แ€€္แ€™ႈ(แ)แ€€ ေแ€™ာ္ေแ€ာ္แ€€ားေแ€›ာแ€„္းแ€ဲ့แ€€ိแ€…แฅแ€™်ဳိး แ€†ုိแ€•ါေแ€ာ့။ ေแ€œာေแ€œာแ€†แ€š္ แ€œႊแ€္ေแ€ာ္ แ€€ုိแ€š္แ€…ားแ€œႇแ€š္ေแ€ြแ€€ုိ ေแ€›ာแ€„္းေแ€•းแ€แ€š္။ ေแ€”ာแ€€္แ€€်แ€›แ€„္ แ€แ€္แ€žိ แ€•แ€Šာแ€›ႇแ€„္ေแ€ြ၊ แ€•ါေแ€™ာแ€€แกေแ€ြ၊ แ€†แ€›ာแ€แ€”္ေแ€ြ၊ แ€…ာေแ€›းแ€†แ€›ာေแ€ြแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€…ာแ€”แ€š္แ€‡แ€„္းแ€žแ€™ားေแ€ြแ€€ုိ ေแ€›ာแ€„္းေแ€•းแ€™แ€š္ แ€†ုိแ€ဲ့ แ€€ိแ€…แฅแ€™်ဳိးแ€Ÿာ แ€ฅแ€•ေแ€’แ€›ဲแ‚•แ€กแ€‘แ€€္แ€™ႇာ แ€˜แ€š္แ€žူแ€™ႇ แ€™แ€›ႇိေแ€…แ€›แ€˜ူး။ แ€กแ€ြแ€„့္แ€‘ူးแ€ံ แ€œူแ€แ€”္းแ€…ား แ€™แ€›ႇိေแ€…แ€›แ€˜ူး แ€†ုိแ€ဲ့ แ€žแ€™แผแ€แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€œႊแ€္ေแ€ာ္ แ€ฅแ€€ၠแ‚’แ€ုိแ‚” ေျแ€•ာแพแ€€ားแ€ဲ့แ€ဲ့ แ€…แ€€ားေแ€ြแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€†แ€”္แ‚”แ€€်แ€„္ေแ€”แ€แ€š္။ แ€’ီแ€™ုိแ€€ေแ€›แ€…ီแ€›ဲแ‚• แ€กႏႇแ€…္แ€žာแ€›แ€”ဲแ‚”แ€œแ€Š္း แ€–ီแ€œာ ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€”แ€แ€š္။ แ€’ီแ€™ုိแ€€ေแ€›แ€…ီ แ€…แ€”แ€…္แ€™ႇာ แ€กแ€ြแ€„့္แ€‘ူးแ€ံ แ€œူแ€แ€”္းแ€…ားแ€†ုိแ€ာ แ€œုံးแ€ แ€™แ€›ႇိแ€›แ€˜ူး။ แ€…ာေแ€›းแ€†แ€›ာแ€™ုိแ‚” แ€…ာแ€”แ€š္แ€‡แ€„္းแ€žแ€™ားแ€™ုိแ‚” แ€žာแ€™แ€”္ ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žူေแ€ြแ€‘แ€€္ แ€•ုိแฟแ€•ီး แ€กแ€ြแ€„့္แ€กေแ€›း แ€™แ€šူแ€žแ€„့္แ€˜ူး แ€†ုိแ€ာแ€€ုိ ေแ€‘ာแ€€္ျแ€•แ€›แ€™แ€š္။


แ€˜แ€š္แ€™ႇแ€™แ€žြားแ€žူေแ€ြ ျแ€•แ€”္แ€œာေแ€…แ€žแ€„့္


แ€•แ€œแ€€္ေแ€–ာแ€„္းေแ€•แšแ€€ แ€œแ€™္းေแ€˜းေแ€…်းแ€žแ€Š္ေแ€ြ แ€กားแ€œုံးแ€€ုိ แ€›ႇแ€„္းแ€œแ€„္း แ€–แ€š္แ€›ႇားแ€•แ€…္ေแ€”แ€်ိแ€”္แ€™ႇာ แ€™ီแ€’ီแ€šာေแ€€ာ္แ€”ာแ€†ုိแ€ဲ့ แ€†ုိแ€„္แ‚€แ€€ီးေแ€ြแ€€ แ€‘ီးแ€‘ီး แ€€်แ€”္แ€›ႇိေแ€”แ€ာแ€€ แ€™แ€แ€„့္แ€แ€š္แ€˜ူး။ แ€กแ€ြแ€„့္แ€‘ူးแ€ံေแ€ြแ€œုိ ျแ€–แ€…္ေแ€”แ€แ€š္။ แ€กေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€กแ€™်ဳိးแ€™်ဳိးေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€• ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€žြားแ€žူေแ€ြแ€€ုိ ျแ€•แ€”္แ€œာแ€ြแ€„့္ ျแ€•ဳแ€™แ€š္แ€œုိแ‚” ေျแ€•ာေแ€•แ€™แ€š့္ แ€€ုိแ€š့္แ€ုိแ€„္းျแ€•แ€Š္၊ แ€€ုိแ€š့္แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ုိแ€်แ€…္แ€œုိแ‚” แ€˜แ€š္แ€™ႇแ€‘ြแ€€္แ€™แ€žြားแ€˜ဲ ေแ€”แ€›แ€…္แ€ဲ့แ€žူေแ€ြแ€€ုိ ျแ€•แ€”္แ€œာแ€ြแ€„့္ แ€™ေแ€•းေแ€žးแ€ာแ€€ေแ€ာ့ แ€™แ€žแ€„့္ေแ€ာ္แ€•ါแ€˜ူးแ€œုိแ‚” ေแ€‘ာแ€€္ျแ€•แ€›แ€™แ€š္။ แ€’ီแ€œူေแ€ြแ€€ုိ แ€กိแ€™္ျแ€•แ€”္แ€ြแ€„့္ ေแ€•းแ€œုိแ€€္แ€™แ€š္ แ€†ုိแ€›แ€„္ แ€ုိแ€„္းแ€žူျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žားแ€กားแ€œုံး แ€…ိแ€္แ€်แ€™္းแ€žာ แ€€ုိแ€š္แ€်แ€™္းแ€žာ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€žြားแพแ€€แ€›แ€™ႇာ แ€†ုိแ€ာแ€€ုိแ€œแ€Š္း ေแ€›းแ€›ဲแ€›แ€™แ€š္။


แ€แ€”္แ€‘แ€™္းแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€„แ€š္แ€™်ားแ€•ါ
แ€€္แ€†ုံး ေျแ€•ာแ€်แ€„္แ€ာแ€€ေแ€ာ့ แ€œြแ€္แ€œแ€•္แ€…ြာ แ€‘ုแ€္ေแ€–ာ္ ေျแ€•ာแพแ€€ားแ€ြแ€„့္၊ ေแ€›းแ€žားแ€ြแ€„့္ แ€†ုိแ€ာแ€€ แ‚ိုးแ‚ိုး แ€กแ€›แ€•္แ€žူ၊ แ€กแ€›แ€•္แ€žားแ€™်ားแ€žာ แ€ံแ€…ားแ€ြแ€„့္แ€›ႇိแ€ာ แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္แ€˜ူး။ แ€ုိแ€„္းแ€žူျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žားေแ€ြแ€‘ဲแ€™ႇာ แ€•ါแ€แ€„္ေแ€”แ€ဲ့ แ€กแ€›ာแ€‘แ€™္း 

แ€”ာ
แ€กแ€™ႈแ€‘แ€™္းေแ€ြแ€™ႇာแ€œแ€Š္း แ€ံแ€…ားแ€ြแ€„့္แ€›ႇိေแพแ€€ာแ€„္း แ€แ€”္แ€‘แ€™္းแ‚€แ€€ီး แ€แ€”္แ€‘แ€™္းแ€„แ€š္ แ€กားแ€œုံး แ€žိแ€›ႇိေแ€กာแ€„္ แ€œုแ€•္ေแ€•းแ€–ုိแ‚” แ€œုိေแพแ€€ာแ€„္း ေแ€‘ာแ€€္ျแ€•แ€žแ€„့္แ€แ€š္။ แ€›แ€•္แ€€ြแ€€္แ€แ€…္แ€ုแ€™ႇာ แ€œူแ€žแ€္แ€™ႈ၊ แ€’ါแ€™ႇแ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္ แ€œုแ€šแ€€္แ€™ႈ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€แ€š္ แ€†ုိแ€›แ€„္ แ€›แ€•္แ€€ြแ€€္แ€™ႇာแ€ာแ€แ€”္แ€šူแ€‘ားแ€›แ€ဲ့ แ€›ဲแ€…แ€แ€”္းแ€€ုိ แ€žแ€แ€„္းေแ€‘ာแ€€္แ€€ แ€žြားေแ€™းแ€œိแ€™့္แ€™แ€š္။ แ€กဲแ€’ီแ€กแ€ါ แ€›ဲแ€…แ€แ€”္းแ€€ แ€ာแ€แ€”္แ€›ႇိแ€žူ แ€˜แ€š္แ€žူแ€™แ€†ုိ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€…แ€ฅ္แ€กแ€ုိแ€„္း แ€’ါแ€™ႇแ€™แ€Ÿုแ€္ ''แ€•แ€‘แ€™ แ€žแ€แ€„္းေแ€•း แ€ုိแ€„္แพแ€€ားแ€်แ€€္(FIR)แ€™ႇာ ေแ€›းแ€™ႇแ€္แ€‘ားแ€ဲ့ แ€กแ€ုိแ€„္း ေျแ€•ာแ€ြแ€„့္ေแ€•းแ€‘ားแ€œုိแ€€္แ€›แ€„္ แ€กแ€‘แ€€္แ€†แ€„့္ေแ€ြแ€‘ိ แ€™แ€œုိแ€กแ€•္แ€˜ဲ แ€กแ€œုแ€•္แ‚ႈแ€•္แ€…แ€›ာ แ€™แ€œုိေแ€ာ့แ€˜ူးေแ€•ါ့။



แ€กေแ€œ့แ€กแ€€်แ€„့္แ€œုแ€•္
แ€กแ€œားแ€ူแ€•ဲ แ€›แ€•္แ€€ြแ€€္แ€‘ဲแ€€ แ€™ီးေแ€œာแ€„္แ€ဲ့แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€€ုိ แ€žแ€€္แ€†ုိแ€„္แ€›ာ แ€™ီးแ€žแ€္แ€Œာแ€”แ€€ แ€ာแ€แ€”္แ€›ႇိแ€žူแ€€ ေျแ€–แ€œုိแ€€္ေแ€•ါ့။ แ€’ီแ€™ုိแ€€ေแ€›แ€…ီႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံေแ€ြแ€™ႇာ แ€—แ€Ÿုိแ€€ แ€်ဳแ€•္แ€€ိုแ€„္แ€ဲ့ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€‘ုแ€္ျแ€•แ€”္ေแ€›း แ€กแ€–ြဲแ‚• แ€†ုိแ€ာแ€™်ဳိး แ€‘ားေแ€œ့แ€™แ€›ႇိแ€•ါแ€˜ူး။ แ€Œာแ€”แ€†ုိแ€„္แ€›ာ แ€แ€”္แ€‘แ€™္းแ€ုိแ€„္း แ€žူแ€ုိแ‚”แ€›ဲแ‚• แ€แ€ၲแ€›ားแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€ာแ€แ€”္แ€šူแ€™ႈแ€€ုိ แ€™ႇแ€”္แ€™ႇแ€”္แ€€แ€”္แ€€แ€”္ แ€€်แ€„့္แ€žုံးแ€แ€္ေแ€กာแ€„္ แ€กေแ€œ့แ€กแ€€်แ€„့္ ျแ€•ဳแ€œုแ€•္ေแ€•းแ€–ုိแ‚” แ€œုိแ€กแ€•္แ€•ါแ€แ€š္။ แ€œြแ€္แ€œแ€•္แ€…ြာ ေျแ€•ာแ€†ုိแ€ြแ€„့္แ€†ုိแ€ာ แ€แ€”္แ€‘แ€™္းေแ€ြแ€”ဲแ‚”แ€œแ€Š္း แ€กแ€€်ဳံးแ€แ€„္ေแพแ€€ာแ€„္း ေแ€‘ာแ€€္ျแ€•แ€žแ€„့္แ€แ€š္แ€œုိแ‚” ေแ€‘ာแ€€္ျแ€• แ€œုိแ€€္แ€›แ€•ါแ€แ€š္။


Credit :weeklyeleven

ေแ€’แšေแ€กာแ€„္แ€†แ€”္းแ€…ုแพแ€€แ€Š္၏ ေแ€†ာแ€„္းแ€•ါး แ€…ာေแ€•แ€…ိแ€…แ€…္ေแ€›းแ€™ွ แ€ြแ€„့္ျแ€•ဳแ€်แ€€္แ€›แ€›ွိแ€›แ€”္ ေแ€…ာแ€„့္แ€†ိုแ€„္းေแ€”แ€†ဲ



The_People_Age_Journal_1_year_79









แ€”ိုแ€„္แ€„ံေแ€›းแ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€™်ားႏွแ€„့္ ေแ€†ာแ€„္းแ€•ါးแ€™်ားแ€€ို แ€ฆးแ€…ားေแ€•းေแ€–ာ္ျแ€•ေแ€”แ€žแ€Š့္ แ€กแ€•แ€္แ€…แ€ฅ္แ€‘ုแ€္ ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žူแ‚”ေแ€แ€္ 


แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€‚်ာแ€”แ€š္แ€ြแ€„္ ေแ€’แšေแ€กာแ€„္แ€†แ€”္းแ€…ုแพแ€€แ€Š္၏ ေแ€†ာแ€„္းแ€•ါးแ€แ€…္แ€•ုแ€’္แ€€ို แ€…ာေแ€•แ€…ိแ€…แ€…္ေแ€›းแ€™ွ ေแ€–ာ္ျแ€•แ€ြแ€„့္ ျแ€•ဳแ€œိုแ€€္แ€žแ€Š္แ€Ÿူေแ€žာ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€™်ား แ€กแ€„္แ€ာแ€”แ€€္แ€…ာแ€™်แ€€္ႏွာแ€™်ားแ€ြแ€„္ แ€‘ြแ€€္ေแ€•แšแ€•်ံแ‚•ႏွံေแ€”ေแ€žာေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ The Voice Weekly แ€™ွ ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žူแ‚”ေแ€แ€္แ€žိုแ‚” แ€†แ€€္แ€žြแ€š္ေแ€™းျแ€™แ€”္းแ€›ာ แ€กแ€ိုแ€„္แ€•แ€„္แ€ံ แ€กแ€š္แ€’ီแ€ာျแ€–แ€…္แ€žူ แ€žแ€แ€„္းแ€…ာแ€†แ€›ာ ေแ€™ာแ€„္แ€ံแ€žแ€€ แ€กแ€†ိုแ€•ါေแ€†ာแ€„္းแ€•ါးแ€€ို แ€…ာေแ€•แ€…ိแ€…แ€…္ေแ€›းแ€™ွ แ€ြแ€„့္ျแ€•ဳแ€်แ€€္แ€›แ€›ွိแ€›แ€”္ ေแ€…ာแ€„့္แ€†ိုแ€„္းေแ€”แ€†ဲ ျแ€–แ€…္ေแพแ€€ာแ€„္း ျแ€•แ€”္แ€œแ€Š္ေျแ€–แพแ€€ားแ€žแ€Š္။


แ€กแ€†ိုแ€•ါေแ€†ာแ€„္းแ€•ါးแ€€ို ေแ€’แšေแ€กာแ€„္แ€†แ€”္းแ€…ုแพแ€€แ€Š္แ€™ွ ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žူแ‚”ေแ€แ€္แ€‚်ာแ€”แ€š္แ€žိုแ‚” แ€œြแ€”္แ€ဲ့ေแ€žာ แ€›แ€€္แ€žแ€ၱแ€•แ€္ แ€žုံးแ€•แ€္แ€€แ€แ€Š္းแ€€ ေแ€•းแ€•ိုแ‚”แ€‘ားျแ€แ€„္းျแ€–แ€…္แฟแ€•ီး แ€…ာေแ€•แ€…ိแ€…แ€…္ေแ€›းแ€™ွ แ€šแ€ုแ€†แ€€္แ€žြแ€š္ေแ€™းျแ€™แ€”္းแ€žแ€Š့္ แ€Š แ‰ แ€”ာแ€›ီแ€กแ€်ိแ€”္แ€กแ€‘ိ แ€†ိုแ€„္းแ€„ံ့แ€กျแ€–แ€…္ แ€žแ€္แ€™ွแ€္แ€‘ားแ€†ဲ ျแ€–แ€…္ေแพแ€€ာแ€„္း ၎แ€€ แ€†แ€€္แ€œแ€€္ ေျแ€•ာแพแ€€ားแ€žแ€Š္။
" ေแ€†ာแ€„္းแ€•ါးแ€€ို ေแ€–ာ္ျแ€•แ€ြแ€„့္ ျแ€•ဳแ€œိုแ€€္แฟแ€•ီแ€†ိုแฟแ€•ီး แ€†แ€€္แ€žြแ€š္แ€œာแ€™ဲ့ แ€แ€š္แ€œီแ€–ုแ€”္းแ€žံแ€€ို ေแ€…ာแ€„့္ေแ€”แ€ာแ€•ါ၊ แ€กဲแ€’ီแ€œို แ€†แ€€္แ€žြแ€š္แ€œာแ€›แ€„္ေแ€ာ့ แ€žแ€แ€„္းေแ€€ာแ€„္းေแ€•ါ့แ€—်ာ၊ ျแ€™แ€”္ျแ€™แ€”္ แ€ြแ€„့္ျแ€•ဳေแ€…แ€်แ€„္แ€แ€š္၊ ျแ€™แ€”္ျแ€™แ€”္ေแ€–ာ္ျแ€•แ€œိုแ‚” แ€›แ€ာေแ€•ါ့ " แ€Ÿု ၎แ€€ แ€†ိုแ€žแ€Š္။


แ€šแ€„္းေแ€†ာแ€„္းแ€•ါးႏွแ€„့္ แ€•แ€္แ€žแ€€္၍ ျแ€•แ€Š့္แ€žူแ‚”ေแ€แ€္แ€‚်ာแ€”แ€š္ แ€กแ€š္แ€’ီแ€ာแ€်ဳแ€•္ แ€…ာေแ€›းแ€†แ€›ာ ေแ€–ျแ€™แ€„့္แ€€แ€œแ€Š္း " แ€กแ€ု แ€กแ€„္แ€ာแ€”แ€€္แ€™ွာ แ€•်ံแ‚•ႏွံ့ေแ€”แ€žแ€œို၊ แ€กแ€ု แพแ€€ားေแ€”แพแ€€แ€žแ€œို แ€€แฝြแ€”္ေแ€ာ္แ€ိုแ‚” แ€กแ€ုแ€‘ိ แ€™แ€žိေแ€žးแ€˜ူးแ€—်၊ แ€œြแ€”္แ€ဲ့แ€ဲ့ แ€แ€…္แ€•แ€္ေแ€€်ာ္ေแ€œာแ€€္แ€€แ€แ€Š္းแ€€ แ€€แฝြแ€”္ေแ€ာ္แ€ိုแ‚” แ€แ€„္แ€‘ားแ€แ€š္ေแ€•ါ့แ€—်ာ " แ€Ÿု The Voice Weekly ၏ แ€†แ€€္แ€žြแ€š္ေแ€™းျแ€™แ€”္းแ€်แ€€္แ€€ို ေျแ€–แพแ€€ားแ€žแ€Š္။

แ€šแ€„္းေแ€†ာแ€„္းแ€•ါးแ€žแ€Š္ ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žူแ‚”ေแ€แ€္แ€‚်ာแ€”แ€š္แ€กแ€š္แ€’ီแ€ာแ€กแ€–ြဲ၏ ေแ€ာแ€„္းแ€ံแ€်แ€€္แ€กแ€› ေแ€’แšေแ€กာแ€„္แ€†แ€”္းแ€…ုแพแ€€แ€Š္แ€™ွ ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€ြแ€„္း แ€•ုံႏွိแ€•္แ€™ီแ€’ီแ€šာแ€แ€…္แ€ုแ€žိုแ‚” แ€•แ€‘แ€™แ€ฆးแ€†ုံးแ€กแ‚€แ€€ိแ€™္ แ€်ီးျแ€™ႇแ€„့္ေแ€žာ แ€…ာแ€™ူျแ€–แ€…္ေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€†แ€›ာေแ€™ာแ€„္แ€ံแ€žแ€€ ေျแ€•ာแพแ€€ားแ€žแ€Š္။


" แ€แ€…္ျแ€ား แ€•ုံႏွိแ€•္แ€™ီแ€’ီแ€šာေแ€ြแ€€ို ေแ€•းแ€‘ားแ€™แ€‘ားေแ€ာ့ แ€™แ€žိေแ€žးแ€˜ူးแ€—်၊ แ€€แฝြแ€”္ေแ€ာ္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ို ေแ€•းแ€‘ားแ€ဲ့ แ€’ီแ€…ာแ€™ူแ€€ို ျแ€™แ€”္ျแ€™แ€”္ แ€ြแ€„့္ျแ€•ဳေแ€…แ€်แ€„္แ€•ါแ€แ€š္၊ แ€…ာေแ€•แ€…ိแ€…แ€…္ေแ€›းแ€€ แ€ြแ€„့္ျแ€•ဳแ€œိုแ€€္แ€แ€š္แ€†ိုแ€›แ€„္ေแ€ာ့ แ€žแ€แ€„္းေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€•ါ " แ€Ÿု ၎แ€€ แ€‘แ€•္ေแ€œာแ€„္းေျแ€•ာแพแ€€ားแ€žแ€Š္။


ေแ€’แšေแ€กာแ€„္แ€†แ€”္းแ€…ုแพแ€€แ€Š္แ€žแ€Š္ แฟแ€•ီးแ€ဲ့แ€žแ€Š့္ แ€‡ြแ€”္แ€œ แ‚แˆ แ€›แ€€္ႏွแ€„့္ แ€‡ူแ€œိုแ€„္แ€œ แ‚แ… แ€›แ€€္ေแ€”แ‚”แ€™်ားแ€ြแ€„္ แ€‘ုแ€္แ€œႊแ€„္แ€ဲ့แ€žแ€Š့္ 2011 BBC Reith Lectures (ႏွแ€…္แ€…แ€ฅ္ แ€‘ုแ€္แ€œႊแ€„့္ေแ€”แพแ€€ แ€‘แ€„္แ€›ွားေแ€žာ ေแ€แ€္แฟแ€•ိဳแ€„္แ€กေแพแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€กแ€›ာแ€™်ား) แ€€แ‚‘แ€ြแ€„္ แ€•ါแ€แ€„္แ€ဲ့แ€€ာ แ€žူ၏ แ€•ိုแ‚”แ€်แ€်แ€€္ႏွแ€…္แ€ုแ€€ို BBC World service ႏွแ€„့္ BBC Radio 4 แ€กแ€žံแ€œႊแ€„့္แ€กแ€…ီแ€กแ€…แ€ฅ္แ€™်ားแ€ြแ€„္ แ€‘ုแ€္แ€œႊแ€„့္แ€ဲ့แฟแ€•ီး Youtube แ€›ွိ BBC Channel แ€™ွแ€œแ€Š္း แ€‘ုแ€္แ€œႊแ€„့္ေแ€•းแ€ဲ့แ€žแ€Š္။

Credit : The Voice Weekly

UN hearing on Maritime Boundary with Myanmar vs Bangladesh

A public hearing on the dispute concerning delimitation of maritime boundary between Bangladesh and Myanmar in the Bay of Bengal will begin on September 8 at a UN tribunal in Hamburg, Germany.

Bangladesh lodged objections with the UN regarding the claims of India and Myanmar on October 8, 2009, as it has disputes with both the countries on "natural prolongation of the continental shelf and the baseline." 

India and Myanmar have unfairly cut off a significant portion of Bangladesh's maritime area in the Bay. Both the neighbours have drawn line in the Bay in such an unlawful way that apparently sandwiched Bangladesh, officials in Dhaka said.

Bangladesh's objection to Myanmar's claim was lodged with the UN's International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) headquartered in Hamburg, Germany. And its objection to Indian claim was filed with the UN's Permanent Court of Arbitration based in The Hague, Netherlands. 

On September 5, the UN tribunal will have a public sitting at which Thomas Mensah, Judge ad hoc chosen by Bangladesh, and Prof Bernard H Oxman, Judge ad hoc chosen by Myanmar, will make the solemn declaration required under Article 9 of the Rules of the Tribunal.
Foreign Minister Dipu Moni will lead the Bangladesh delegation at the hearing scheduled to begin at the ITLOS on September 8. She along with experts including Rear Admiral (retd) Khurshid Alam, additional foreign secretary, will leave Dhaka on September 7 to attend the hearing.
The ITLOS is an independent judicial body established by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) to adjudicate disputes arising out of interpretation and application of the convention. It is empowered to settle such disputes between states.
The tribunal will hear the first round of oral arguments from Bangladesh on September 8, 9, 12 and 13 while Myanmar will place its arguments on September 15, 16, 19 and 20.
In the second round, Bangladesh will present its oral arguments in favour of its claim on September 21-22 and Myanmar on September 24.

The hearing will be held in the main courtroom of the tribunal, and is open to the public, according to a press release of ITLOS. 

Officials at the foreign ministry said Dhaka hopes to get the final verdict on the case with Myanmar by March next year.

Bangladesh favours a principle based on "equity" while India and Myanmar favours "equidistance" system to get bigger maritime areas.

Under a UN charter, the principle of "equity" takes into account a country's population, economic status and needs, GDP growth, and other human issues, while the "equidistance" system marks the boundary through geometric calculations.
According to UNCLOS, any such dispute should be resolved on the basis of equity, and in the light of relevant circumstances. And that makes Bangladesh's demand for equity-based demarcation justified.
Meanwhile, Bangladesh presented its claim on the continental shelf in the Bay at the UN Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) at the UN Headquarters in New York on August 24.

Dhaka's claim on the continental shelf extends up to 400-460 nautical miles (850 km) southwards from the country's coastline. It says it has full rights over the undersea natural resources within this area.

On December 14, 2009, the case relating to delimitation of the maritime boundary between Bangladesh and Myanmar in the Bay was lodged with the tribunal through notification of a special agreement between the two states.

Dhaka and Naypyitaw (Myanmar capital) duly filed their written pleadings within the time-limits prescribed. Dhaka filed its Memorial on July 1 last year and Myanmar its Counter-Memorial on December 1 last year. Dhaka's reply was given on March 1 this year and Naypyitaw's rejoinder on July 1.

Bangladesh has appointed 21 internationally reputed counsels for the legal battle with Myanmar and India.

แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€”แ€Š္းแ€•แ€Šာ၊ แ€งแ€›ာแ€แ€ီแ€”ဲแ‚” ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€แ€™်ဳိးแ€žားแ€œုံးแ€›ဲแ‚• แ€€ံแพแ€€แ€™แผာ

แ€แ‚ုแ€္ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€›ဲแ‚• แ€แ€Ÿုแ€”္แ€‘ုိး แ€…ီးแ€•ြါးေแ€›းแ€ုိးแ€แ€€္แ€œာแ€™ႈေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€œာแ€›แ€ဲ့ แ€…ြแ€™္းแ€กแ€„္แ€œုိแ€กแ€•္แ€်แ€€္แ€Ÿာ แ€แ‚ုแ€္ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€‘ဲ แ€€ ျแ€™แ€…္ေแ€ြแ€•်แ€€္แ€…ီးแ€ဲ့แ‚ုံแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€™แฟแ€•ီးแ€˜ဲ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာျแ€•แ€Š္แ€€ုိေแ€™ြးแ€–ြားแ€žแ€”္แ‚”แ€…แ€ฅ္ေแ€•းแ€ဲ့แ€ဲ့ แ€แ€ုแ€แ€Š္းေแ€žာ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€กแ€™်ဳိးแ€žားแ€•ုိแ€„္ แ€กแ€™ိ แ€งแ€›ာแ€แ€ီแ€€ုိ แ€žแ€္ျแ€–แ€္แ€–ိုแ‚” แ‚€แ€€ိဳးแ€…แ€ฅ္ေแ€†ာแ€€္ေแ€”แ€ဲ့แ€กแ€†แ€„့္แ€กแ€‘ိ ေแ€›ာแ€€္แ€œာแ€ဲ့แ€•ါแฟแ€•ီ။ แ€€်ေแ€”ာ့္แ€กေแ€”แ€”ဲแ‚” แ€’ီแ€“ါแ€္แ€•ုံแ€žแ€แ€„္းေแ€†ာแ€„္း แ€•ါးแ€™ွာ ျแ€•แ€Š္ေแ€‘ာแ€„္แ€…ု၊ แ€ုိแ€„္းျแ€•แ€Š္แ€”ဲแ‚” แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ုိแ€်แ€…္แ€ဲ့ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€แ€™်ဳိးแ€žားแ€œုံးแ€€ုိ แ€แ€„္ျแ€•แ€်แ€„္แ€ဲ့ แ€กေျแ€แ€ံแ€กแ€်แ€€္แ€€ေแ€ာ့ แ€ แ‚ုแ€္ေแ€ြแ€Ÿာ แ€žူแ€ိုแ‚”แ€€ုိแ€š္แ€•ုိแ€„္ျแ€™แ€…္ေแ€ြแ€€ုိ แ€˜แ€š္แ€œုိแ€žแ€္ျแ€–แ€္แ€ဲ့แพแ€€แฟแ€•ီแ€œဲ။


แ€žူแ€ိုแ‚”แ€žแ€˜ာแ€แ€•แ€္แ€แ€”္းแ€€်แ€„္แ€€ုိ แ€˜แ€š္แ€œိုแ€–်แ€€္แ€†ီး แ€ဲ့แพแ€€แฟแ€•ီแ€œဲ แ€†ုိแ€ာแ€€ုိ แ€˜ာแ€กแ€€်ဳိးေแ€€်းแ€‡ူးแ€แ€…ုံแ€แ€›ာ แ€™แ€š္แ€™แ€š္แ€›แ€›แ€™แ€›ွိ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€แ€™်ဳိးแ€žားแ€œုံးแ€กแ€ြแ€€္ แ€กแ€˜แ€€္แ€˜แ€€္แ€€ แ€˜ာ แ€กာแ€™แ€ံแ€်แ€€္แ€™ွ แ€™แ€›ွိแ€ဲ့ แ€งแ€›ာแ€แ€ီแ€€ုိ แ€œแ€Š္แ€™်ဳိแ€Šႇแ€…္ေแ€”แ€ဲ့ แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€กแ€€်ဳိးแ€…ီးแ€•ြါးแ€žแ€€္แ€žแ€€္แ€กแ€ြแ€€္ แ€žแ€แ€„္แ€กားแ€› แ€€แฝြแ€”္แ€’แ€္แ€ แ€œုแ€•္ေแ€”แ€ဲ့ แ€™်ဳိးแ€–်แ€€္แ€žแ€…แฅာေแ€–ါแ€€္ေแ€œာแ€€္ေแ€€ာแ€„္ แ€•ုแ€†ိแ€”္แ‚ုိးแ€แ€…ုေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€œာแ€›แ€ဲ့  ျแ€™แ€…္แ€†ုံေแ€›แ€กားแ€œွ်แ€•္แ€…แ€…္แ€‘ုแ€္ ေแ€›แ€€ာ แ€ာေแ€ြေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€œာแ€™แ€š့္ แ€กแ€€်ဳိးแ€†แ€€္ေแ€ြแ€€ုိ ႏွဳိแ€„္แ€šွแ€ฅ္ေแ€ြးแ€†แฟแ€•ီး แ€’ီေแ€žแ€™แ€„္းแ€แ€™แ€”္ แ€…ီแ€™ံแ€€ိแ€”္းแ€€ုိ แ€กแ€™်ဳိးแ€žားေแ€›း แ€กแ€žြแ€„္ แ€žแ€ၭာแ€”္แ€”ဲแ‚” แ€›แ€•္แ€แ€”္แ‚”ႏုိแ€„္ေแ€…แ€›แ€”္ แ€›แ€Š္แ€›ြแ€š္แ€แ€„္ျแ€•แ€œုိแ€€္แ€•ါแ€แ€š္။ (ျแ€™แ€…္ေแ€်ာแ€„္းႏွแ€„့္ แ€€แ€™္းแ‚ိုးแ€แ€”္းแ€กแ€„္แ€‚်แ€„္แ€”ီแ€šာแ€˜ြဲแ‚”แ€œြแ€”္ แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€ြแ€„္ แ€žแ€„္แ€šူႏိုแ€„္แ€›แ€”္ แ€Šႇိႏိႈแ€„္းေแ€” By Popular News แ€†ုိแ€ဲ့ แ€žိแ€”္းแ€…ိแ€”္แ€กแ€…ုိးแ€›แ€›ဲแ‚• แ€†แ€„္ေแ€žแ€€ုိแ€†ိแ€္ေแ€›แ€”ဲแ‚”แ€–ုံးแ€–ိုแ‚” แ‚€แ€€ိဳးแ€…ားေแ€” แ€ဲ့ ေแ€žြးแ‚ူးေแ€žြးแ€แ€”္းแ€œုแ€•္แ€›แ€•္ေแ€ြแ€€ုိ แ€”ားแ€™ေแ€šာแ€„္แพแ€€แ€˜ဲ แ€กแ€›ွိแ€กျแ€–แ€…္แ€€ုိ แ€œแ€€္ေแ€ြแ‚”แ€€်แ€€် แ€•แ€€แ€ိแ€กแ€ုိแ€„္းျแ€™แ€„္ႏုိแ€„္ေแ€กာแ€„္ แ€แ€„္ျแ€•แ€œုိแ€€္แ€›แ€•ါแ€แ€š္။)
แ€แ‚ုแ€္ႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံ แ€กေแ€›ွแ‚•ျแ€แ€™္း แ€šแ€”္แ€‡ီျแ€•แ€Š္แ€”แ€š္ แ€”แ€”္แ€်แ€”္းแฟแ€™ိဳแ‚•แ€กแ€”ီး แ€–ုေแ€Ÿး ျแ€™แ€…္แ€™်แ€€္ႏွာျแ€•แ€„္ေแ€•แšแ€ြแ€„္ แ€กแ€…ုแ€œုိแ€€္แ€กျแ€•ဳံแ€œုိแ€€္ ေแ€žေแ€” ေแ€žာแ€„ါးแ€™်ား (August 17, 20011)
 ”แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€€ြแ€”္ျแ€™ဴแ€”แ€…္แ€•ါแ€ီแ€Ÿာแ€˜แ€š္ေแ€ာ့แ€™ွแ€กแ€™ွားแ€€ုိแ€แ€”္แ€™แ€ံแ€˜ူး” (แ€Ÿแ€”္แ€…္แ€်แ€”္ – แ€กာแ€›ွေแ€›แ€…ြแ€™္းแ€กแ€„္ Three Gorges Dam: China’s Dilemma)
แ€€แ€™ာแปแ‚”แ€กแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€†ုံး Three Gorges Dam แ€€ုိ แ€šแ€”္แ€…ီျแ€™แ€…္แ€œแ€Š္แ€€ေแ€”ျแ€–แ€္แฟแ€•ီး ေแ€†ာแ€€္แ€ဲ့แ€•ါแ€แ€š္။ แ€…ီးแ€•ြါးေแ€›းแ€žแ€™ားေแ€ြ แ€”ဲแ‚” ႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံေแ€›းแ€žแ€™ားေแ€ြ แ€žူแ€ိုแ‚”แ€”ဲแ‚” แ€กแ€†ြแ€š္แ€กแ€•ြားေแ€ြแ€กားแ€œုံး แ€กแ€€်ဳိးแ€›ွိแ€žြားแ€ဲ့แ€•ါแ€แ€š္။ แ€’ါေแ€•แ€™แ€š့္ แ€žแ€˜ာแ€แ€•แ€္แ€แ€”္းแ€€်แ€„္ แ€”ဲแ‚” ေแ€‚แ€Ÿေแ€—แ€’แ€…ံแ€”แ€…္ေแ€ြแ€กားแ€œုံး แ€•်แ€€္แ€…ီးแ€ဲ့แฟแ€•ီး แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€แ€™်ဳိးแ€žားแ€œုံးแ€กแ€ြแ€€္ แ€žแ€™ုိแ€„္းแ€แ€„္ แ€šแ€”္แ€‡ီျแ€™แ€…္แ‚€แ€€ီး แ€˜แ€แ€•်แ€€္แ€žြားแ€ဲ့แ€ာ แ€€ုိ แ€™်แ€€္แ€…ိแ€™ွိแ€္ แ€œ်แ€…္แ€œ်ဴแ‚ႈแ€ဲ့แพแ€€แ€•ါแ€แ€š္၊ แ€กာแ€›ွแ€ုိแ€€္แ€›ဲแ‚•แ€กแ€›ွแ€Š္แ€†ုံးေแ€žာ แ€šแ€”္แ€‡ီျแ€™แ€…္แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€Ÿာ แ€œွ်แ€•္แ€…แ€…္แ€“ါแ€္แ€กား แแˆ,แ‚แ€แ€ แ€™ီแ€‚ါแ€แ€•္ แ€‘ုแ€္ေแ€•းแ€ဲ့ Three Gorges Dam แ€›ဲแ‚• แ€ါးแฟแ€™ဳိแ€–်แ€€္แ€†ီးျแ€แ€„္းแ€€ုိ แ€กแ€–แ€္แ€†แ€š္แ€™แ€›ေแ€กာแ€„္ แ€ံแ€œုိแ€€္แ€›แ€•ါแฟแ€•ီ။
แ€แ‚ုแ€္ႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံ แ€กေแ€›ွแ‚•ျแ€แ€™္း แ€šแ€”္แ€‡ီျแ€•แ€Š္แ€”แ€š္ แ€”แ€”္แ€်แ€”္းျแ€™ဳိแ‚•แ€กแ€”ီး แ€–ုေแ€Ÿး ျแ€™แ€…္แ€™်แ€€္ႏွာျแ€•แ€„္ေแ€•แšแ€ြแ€„္ แ€กแ€…ုแ€œုိแ€€္แ€กျแ€•ဳံแ€œုိแ€€္ ေแ€žေแ€” ေแ€žာ แ€„ါးแ€™်ား (August 17, 20011)
แ€žแ€Š္แ€•ုံแ€€ေแ€ာ့ แ€šแ€”္แ€‡ီျแ€™แ€…္แ€€ုိျแ€–แ€္แฟแ€•ီး ေแ€–ါแ€€္แ€ဲ့แ€ဲ့ Three Gorges Dam ေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ျแ€–แ€…္แ€œာแ€›แ€ဲ့ แ€šแ€”္แ€‡ီျแ€™แ€…္ျแ€•แ€„္แ€›ဲแ‚• แ€แ€…ိแ€္แ€ ေแ€’แ€žแ€•ါแ€•ဲ။
(แ€šแ€”္แ€‡ီျแ€™แ€…္แ€†ုိแ€ာ แ€ိแ€˜แ€€္แ€€ုแ€”္းျแ€•แ€„္ျแ€™แ€„့္แ€™ွာျแ€™แ€…္แ€–်ားแ€ံแ€ဲ့แฟแ€•ီး แ€แ‚ုแ€္ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žူ แ€žแ€”္းေแ€•ါแ€„္းေแ€œးแ€›ာแ€€ုိ ေแ€›แ€်ဳိျแ€–แ€Š့္แ€แ€„္းေแ€•းေแ€” แ€ဲ့แ€ဲ့ ျแ€™แ€…္แ€แ€…แ€„္းแ€•ါแ€•ဲ။) แ€’ီแ€“ါแ€္แ€•ုံေแ€ြแ€Ÿာ แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€กာแ€ာแ€•ုိแ€„္ေแ€ြแ€›ဲแ‚• แ€žแ€˜ာแ€แ€แ€”္းแ€€်แ€„္แ€”ဲแ‚” ေแ€‚แ€Ÿေแ€—แ€’แ€…ံแ€”แ€…္แ€€ုိ แ€˜แ€š္ေแ€œာแ€€္ แ€กေแ€œးแ€‘ားေแ€”แ€žแ€œဲแ€†ုိแ€ဲ့ แ€žแ€€္ေแ€žแ€ံျแ€•แ€šုแ€‚္ေแ€ြ แ€•ါแ€•ဲ။

แ€แ‚ုแ€္ႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံ แ€กေแ€›ွแ‚•ျแ€แ€™္း แ€šแ€”္แ€‡ီျแ€•แ€Š္แ€”แ€š္ แ€”แ€”္แ€်แ€”္းแฟแ€™ိဳแ‚•แ€กแ€”ီး แ€–ုေแ€Ÿးျแ€™แ€…္แ€™်แ€€္ႏွာျแ€•แ€„္ေแ€•แšแ€ြแ€„္ แ€กแ€…ုแ€œုိแ€€္แ€กျแ€•ဳံ แ€œုိแ€€္ ေแ€žေแ€”ေแ€žာ แ€„ါးแ€™်ား။ (August 17, 20011)
แ€’ီ แ€–ုေแ€Ÿးျแ€™แ€…္แ€‘ဲแ€€แ€„ါးေแ€ြ แ€กแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€กေแ€žး แ€ေแ€€ာแ€„္แ€™ွแ€™แ€€်แ€”္ေแ€กာแ€„္ ေแ€žေแพแ€€แ€ဲ့แ€›ျแ€แ€„္းแ€Ÿာ ျแ€™แ€…္แ€€ုိျแ€–แ€္แ€€ူးแ€ဲ့ แ€ံแ€ား แ€แ€…แ€„္းแ€€ုိ แ€แ€Š္ေแ€†ာแ€€္ျแ€แ€„္းေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€œာแ€›ျแ€แ€„္းแ€•ါ။ แ€’ါแ€€ုိแพแ€€แ€Š့္แ€ာแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€”แ€Š္း แ€•แ€Šာแ€Ÿာ แ€˜แ€š္ေแ€œာแ€€္แ€กแ€†แ€„့္ แ€กแ€แ€”္းแ€›ွိแ€›ွိ แ€‚ုแ€္แ€žိแ€€แกာแ€›ွိแ€žแ€œဲแ€†ုိแ€ာ ျแ€™แ€€္แ€ါးแ€‘แ€„္แ€‘แ€„္ ေแ€ြแ‚”ျแ€™แ€„္ႏုိแ€„္แพแ€€แ€™ွာแ€•ါ။

แ€”แ€”္แ€်แ€„္းแฟแ€™ိဳแ‚•ေแ€˜းแ€™ွာแ€แ€„္ แ€•ုแ€•္แ€•ြေแ€”แ€ဲ့ แ€„ါးแ€กေแ€žေแ€€ာแ€„္ေแ€ြแ€”ဲแ‚” ျแ€•แ€Š့္ႏွแ€€္ေแ€”แ€ဲ့ แ€–ုေแ€Ÿျแ€™แ€…္แ€›ဲแ‚• ျแ€–แ€…္แ€•်แ€€္ေแ€”แ€•ုံแ€•ါแ€•ဲ။ (August 17, 20011) แ€˜ာแ€…แ€€္แ€™ႈแ€™ွ แ€™แ€š္แ€™แ€š္แ€›แ€› แ€™แ€ုိးแ€แ€€္แ€˜ဲ แ€žแ€˜ာแ€แ€•แ€”္းแ€แ€”္းแ€€်แ€„္แ€€ုိแ€•ဲ แ€™ွီแ€ုိแ€กားแ€‘ားแ€กแ€žแ€€္แ€›ွแ€„္ေแ€”แ€›แ€ဲ့ (แ€งแ€›ာแ€แ€ီ แ€”ဲแ‚” ျแ€™แ€…္แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€„ါးแ€žြแ€š္ ျแ€™แ€…္แ€„แ€š္แ€„ါးแ€›ာแ€€ုိ แ€™ွီแ€ုိေแ€”แ€›แ€ဲ့) ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာ့แ€œူแ€ฅီးေแ€›แ€›ဲแ‚• แ‡แ€% แ€›ာႏႈแ€”္းแ€›ဲแ‚• แ€กแ€”ာแ€‚แ€္แ€˜แ€ေแ€ြแ€€ုိ แ€’ီျแ€™แ€„္ แ€€ြแ€„္းေแ€ြ แ€กေแ€•แšแ€€ေแ€” ျแ€•แ€€္ျแ€•แ€€္แ€‘แ€„္แ€‘แ€„္ ျแ€™แ€„္ႏုိแ€„္แพแ€€แ€™ွာแ€•ါ။

แ€žိแ€•္แ€™แพแ€€ာแ€แ€„္แ€†แ€š္แ€…ုႏွแ€…္แ€กแ€ြแ€„္းแ€™ွာ แ€€်ေแ€”ာ္แ€ိုแ‚” ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€œူแ€™်ဳိးေแ€ြ แ€กแ€ုျแ€™แ€„္ေแ€”แ€›แ€ဲ့ แ€แ‚ုแ€္ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€€ ျแ€™แ€…္ေแ€ြแ€‘ဲแ€€แ€„ါးေแ€ြแ€œုိ แ€•ုိးแ€œုိးแ€•แ€€္แ€œแ€€္ ေแ€žแ€žူေแ€ž แ€–ုแ€္แ€œုိแ€€္แ€–ုแ€္แ€œုိแ€€္แ€”ဲแ‚” ေแ€žแ€–ိုแ‚”แ€€ုိ ေแ€…ာแ€„့္แ€žူေแ€…ာแ€„့္ แ€˜แ€ေแ€›ာแ€€္แพแ€€แ€›ေแ€ာ့แ€™แ€š္แ€†ုိแ€ာ แ€žိေแ€… แ€်แ€„္แ€•ါแ€แ€š္။

แ€€်ဳแ€•္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးေแ€ြ แ€žแ€Š္แ€„ါးေแ€ြแ€œုိ ေแ€žแ€กแ€ူแ€šွแ€ฅ္แ€™แ€ြာ แ€กแ€ူေแ€žแพแ€€ေแ€ာ့ แ€™แ€œား။

แ€’ီแ€•ုံแ€€ေแ€ာ့ แ€šแ€”္แ€‡ီျแ€™แ€…္แ€€ုိျแ€–แ€္แฟแ€•ီးေแ€†ာแ€€္แ€ဲ့แ€ဲ့ แ€€แ€™ာแปแ‚”แ€กแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€†ုံးแ€†ုိแฟแ€•ီး แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€€ြแ€”္ျแ€™ဴแ€”แ€…္แ€•ါแ€ီแ€€ แ€Ÿိแ€္แ€Ÿแ€”္แ€‘ုแ€္ေแ€”แ€ဲ့แ€ဲ့ Three Gorges Dam ေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ แ€‡ူแ€œိုแ€„္ แ‚แ‡, แ‚แ€แแ ေแ€”แ‚”แ€€ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€•ြါးแ€ဲ့แ€ဲ့ ေแ€›แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€™ႈแ€แ€…ိแ€္แ€ေแ€’แ€žแ€›ဲแ‚• แ€“ါแ€္แ€•ုံแ€•ါ။ แ€ แ€…แ€€ၠแ€”္แ‚”แ€€ုိ ေแ€›แ€€ုแ€—แ€™ီแ€ာ แ‡แ€ แ€แ€แ€ ေแ€€်ာ္ ႏႈแ€”္းแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€‘ိแ€™္းแ€™ႏုိแ€„္แ€žိแ€™္းแ€™แ€› แ€’แ€œေแ€Ÿာแ€‘ြแ€€္แ€œာแ€ဲ့ ေแ€›ေแ€ြแ€€ုိ แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€€ြแ€”္ျแ€™ဴแ€”แ€…္ แ€•ါแ€ီแ€€ แ€กာแ€ာแ€•ုိแ€„္ေแ€ြ แ€™แ€ားแ€†ီးႏိုแ€„္แ€ဲ့แ€•ါแ€˜ူး၊ แ€งแ€›ာแ€แ€ီแ€€ုိ แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€œแ€€္แ€‘ဲแ€‘ုိးแ€กแ€•္แ€ဲ့แ€ဲ့ ေแ€™ာแ€„္ေแ€กးแ€”ဲแ‚” แ€žိแ€”္းแ€…ိแ€”္แ€ိုแ‚” ေျแ€™ แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€œแ€€္แ€แ€္แ€™แ€œြဲ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€œာแ€™แ€š့္ แ€’ီแ€†ုိးแ‚€แ€€ိဳးေแ€ြแ€กแ€ြแ€€္ แ€ုိแ€„္ျแ€•แ€Š္แ€”ဲแ‚” แ€œူแ€™်ဳိးแ€€ုိ แ€˜ာแ€กာแ€™แ€ံแ€်แ€€္แ€™ွ แ€™ေแ€•းႏုိแ€„္แ€•ါแ€˜ူး။ แ€žူแ€ိုแ‚” แ€กာแ€™แ€ံแ€်แ€€္ ေแ€•းแ€ဲ့แ€ာแ€€ေแ€ာ့ แ€แ‚ုแ€္ေแ€ြแ€€ုိ แ€งแ€›ာแ€แ€ီ แ€‘ုိးแ€กแ€•္แ€•ါแ€แ€š္แ€†ုိแ€ဲ့ แ€…ာแ€်ဳแ€•္แ€™ွာ แ€œแ€€္แ€™ွแ€္แ€‘ုိးแ€ဲ့แ€ာแ€•ါแ€•ဲ။

แ€ုိแ€„္းျแ€•แ€Š္แ€€ုိแ€်แ€…္แ€ဲ့ แ€แ‚ုแ€္แ€กแ€™်ားแ€…ုแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€€ေแ€ာ့ แ€žแ€Š္แ€†แ€Š္แ‚€แ€€ီးแ€€ုိ แ€šံแ€‡ီแ€€ုိแ€žแ€္แ€ဲ့แ€ဲ့ แ€„แ€›ဲแ€แ€”္းแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€œိုแ‚” แ€ြแ€„္แ€ြแ€„္ေแ€แšေแ€”แพแ€€ แ€•ါေแ€ာ့แ€แ€š္။

แ€šแ€”္แ€‡ီแ€€ုိแ€žแ€္ျแ€–แ€္แ€ဲ့แ€ဲ့ Three Gorges Dam ေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ แ‚แ€แแ€ แ€™ွာ แ€œူ แแ‚แ€แ€ ေแ€›แ€žแ€ၤ်ဳိแ€„္းแ€™ွာ ျแ€™ႇဳแ€္แ€ဲ့แ€›แฟแ€•ီး ေแ€’แšแ€œာแ€žแ€”္း ေแ€•ါแ€„္း แ‚แ‚ แ€˜ီแ€œီแ€šံ แ€†ုံးแ‚ႈံးแ€ဲ့แ€›แ€•ါแ€แ€š္။

แ€šူแ€”แ€€္แ€…แ€€ုိ (World Heritage Site) แ€›ဲแ‚• 2007 แ€กแ€…ီแ€›แ€„္แ€ံแ€…ာแ€กแ€› แ€แ‚ုแ€္ႏုိแ€„္แ€„ံแ€™ွာ แ€œူแ€žแ€”္း (แƒแ€แ€) แ€Ÿာ แ€Šแ€…္แ€Šแ€™္း แ€ဲ့ ေแ€›ေแ€ြแ€€ုိ ေแ€žာแ€€္แ€žုံးေแ€”แพแ€€แ€›แฟแ€•ီး แ€œူแ€žแ€”္းေแ€•ါแ€„္း (แแ‰แ€) แ€Ÿာ แ€™แ€žแ€”္แ‚”แ€›ွแ€„္းแ€ဲ့ေแ€› ေแ€žာแ€€္แ€žုံး แ€žုံးแ€…ြဲแ€›แ€™ႈေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ ျแ€–แ€…္ แ€›แ€ဲ့ ေแ€›ာแ€‚ါေแ€ြแ€›ေแ€”แพแ€€แฟแ€•ီแ€œိုแ‚” แ€†ုိแ€•ါแ€แ€š္၊ แ‚แ€แแ แ€ုႏွแ€…္แ€™ွာ แ€’ီแ€กแ€›แ€Š္แ€กแ€ြแ€€္แ€Ÿာ แ‚แ€% แ€‘แ€•္แ€ုိးแ€œာแฟแ€•ီแ€œိုแ‚” แ€แ€”္แ‚”แ€™ွแ€”္းแพแ€€ แ€•ါแ€แ€š္။

แ€™်ဳိးแ€–်แ€€္ แ€•ုแ€†ိแ€”္แ‚ုိး ေแ€žแ€…แฅာေแ€–ါแ€€္ေแ€œာแ€€္ေแ€€ာแ€„္แ€แ€…ုေแพแ€€ာแ€„့္ แ€€်ေแ€”ာ္แ€ိုแ‚”แ€›ဲแ‚• ေแ€”ာแ€„္แ€œာေแ€”ာแ€€္แ€žားေแ€ြ แ€€ေแ€”แ‚” แ€แ‚ုแ€္ျแ€•แ€Š္ แ€›ဲแ‚• แ€œူแ€”แ€Š္แ€…ုေแ€€ာแ€„္းแ€…ားแฟแ€•ီး แ€œူแ€žแ€”္းေแ€•ါแ€„္းแ€™်ားแ€…ြာ แ€˜แ€แ€•်แ€€္ေแ€”แ€›แ€ဲ့ แ€กျแ€–แ€…္แ€™်ဳိးแ€€ုိ แ€™แ‚€แ€€ံဳแ€›ေแ€กာแ€„္ แ€กแ€်ိแ€”္แ€™ေႏွာแ€„္းแ€แ€„္ แ€กแ€™်ဳိး แ€žားေแ€›းแ€กျแ€™แ€„္ျแ€–แ€„့္ แ€ုိแ€€္แ€•ြဲแ€แ€„္แพแ€€แ€–ိုแ‚” แ€กแ€œွ်แ€„္แ€กျแ€™แ€”္แ€ုိแ€„္းแ€แ€”္းแพแ€€แ€›แ€”္ แ€œုိแ€กแ€•္ေแ€”แ€•ါแฟแ€•ီ။ (แ€žိแ€•္แ€™แพแ€€ာแ€แ€„္ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€œာแ€™ဲ့ แ€กแ€‘แ€€္แ€€แ€œို แ€กแ€”ိแ‚’ာแ‚ုံေแ€ြแ€กแ€ြแ€€္ แ€žိแ€”္းแ€…ိแ€”္ แ€”ဲแ‚” ေแ€™ာแ€„္ေแ€กး แ€žာแ€™แ€€ แ€žူแ€ိုแ‚”แ€กေแ€– แ€แ‚ုแ€္ေแ€ြแ€œแ€Š္း แ€˜ာแ€กာแ€™แ€ံแ€်แ€€္แ€™ွ แ€™ေแ€•း ႏုိแ€„္แ€•ါแ€˜ူး။ แ€แ‚ုแ€္ေแ€ြ แ€žူแ€ိုแ‚”ျแ€™แ€…္ေแ€ြแ€–်แ€€္แ€†ီးแฟแ€•ီးแ€œိုแ‚” แ€กားแ€œုံးแ€›แ€…แ€›ာแ€™แ€›ွိေแ€ာ့แ€်ိแ€”္แ€™ွာ ေแ€”ာแ€€္ေแ€–းแ€กိแ€™္แ€€ แ€…แ€™္းေแ€်ာแ€„္းแ€‘ဲแ€™ွာ แ€กแ€Šแ€…္ แ€กေแพแ€€းแ€…ြแ€”္แ‚”แ€–ိုแ‚”แ€œုแ€•္แ€ဲ့ ျแ€–แ€…္แ€›แ€•္แ€”ဲแ‚” แ€™ျแ€ားแ€•ါแ€˜ူး။)

แ€กแ€™်ဳိး แ€˜ာแ€žာ แ€žာႆแ€”ာแ€€ုိแ€–်แ€€္แ‚ုံแ€แ€„္แ€™แ€€ แ€•ုแ€†ိแ€”္แ‚ုိးေแ€ြ แ€žူแ€ုိးแ€€ုိ แ€“ါးแ€€แ€™္းแ€ဲ့แ€•ါแฟแ€•ီ။

ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€แ€™်ဳိးแ€žားแ€œုံးแ€›ဲแ‚• แ€’ီေแ€žแ€™แ€„္းแ€แ€™แ€”္ แ€…ီแ€™ံแ€€ိแ€”္းแ‚€แ€€ီးแ€€ေแ€ာ့ แ€–ဲแ‚€แ€€ိဳးျแ€–แ€္แ€–ြแ€„့္แ€ဲ့แ€•ါแฟแ€•ီ။
(แ€–แ€္แ‚ႈแ€ဲ့แ€กแ€ြแ€€္ แ€กแ€–ိႏွိแ€•္แ€ံ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာแ€แ€™်ဳိးแ€žားแ€œုံးแ€›ဲแ‚•แ€€ုိแ€š္แ€…ား แ€žแ€„့္แ€€ုိေแ€€်းแ€‡ူးแ€แ€„္แ€•ါแ€แ€š္။)
แ€งแ€›ာแ€แ€ီ แ€€แ€™แปာแ€แ€Š္แ€žေแ€›ြแ‚•แ€…ီးแ€•ါေแ€…။
ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာျแ€•แ€Š္แ€žแ€Š္ แ€งแ€›ာแ€แ€ီแ€…ီးแ€žေแ€›ြแ‚• แ€แ€Š္แ€•ါေแ€…။ (แ€งแ€›ာแ€แ€ီ แ€•်แ€€္แ€ဲ့ေแ€”แ‚”แ€Ÿာ ျแ€™แ€”္แ€™ာျแ€•แ€Š္ แ€กแ€žแ€€္แ€‘ြแ€€္แ€ဲ့ေแ€”แ‚” แ€•ါแ€•ဲ)
แ€กแ€™ွားแ€แ€ုแ€€ုိ แ€€်ဴးแ€œြแ€”္แ€›แ€”္แ€กแ€ြแ€€္ แ€˜แ€š္แ€กแ€™ွแ€”္แ€แ€›ားแ€”ဲแ‚”แ€™ွ แ€žแ€€္ေแ€žျแ€•၍แ€™แ€›
ေแ€œးแ€…ားแ€…ြားျแ€–แ€„့္


แ€œွဳိแ€„္แ€˜ြား / 88
Credit : Naythit