Written by Dr. Abdullah Ahsan
Posted: 27 June 2012 08:17
The Rohingyas in the western Myanmar state of Rakhine, formerly known as Arakan, have again been subjected to a major massacre. The Rohingyas happen to be a Muslim minority living in the Buddhist majority country. They have been victims of discrimination for many decades, particularly under the military junta, which ruled the country on the motto of nationalism. Interestingly, one should point out here, that Muslims of Arakan known as Mujahidin, constituted one of the three major forces that fought for the country’s independence in the 1940s.
This is not the first time that Rohingyas have been targeted. According to Medecins Sans Frontieres, approximately 200,000 Rohingyas were expelled to neighboring Bangladesh in 1978, but almost all of them were forcibly repatriated back: about 10,000 died in the process and another 10,000 remained in Bangladesh. In 1982 Myanmar passed a law declaring most Rohingyas non-citizens. In 1991, again about 250,000 were pushed to Bangladesh. In September 1992 the government of Bangladesh closed down registration of new refugees, and immediately resorted to another round of repatriation. However, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and a number of other international humanitarian bodies strongly protested against the measure. Since then the UNHCR has negotiated with the government of Myanmar to repatriate back the refugees but it has succeeded only partially. Occasionally many of the repatriated refugees would return to Bangladesh. During this period many Rohingyas also migrated to a number of Southeast Asian and West Asian and North African (WANA) countries. But generally speaking, Rohingyas remain stateless people and according to one UN report they are “one of the world’s most persecuted minorities.”
The current influx of Rohingya refugees to Bangladesh began when a rumor was spread that a Buddhist Rakhine woman was raped and murdered by three Rohingyas and a number of Rakhines attacked a bus carrying Muslim passengers in early June. Violence spread rapidly and hundreds and thousands of Rohingyas began to flee. Rakhine thugs seem to enjoy the tacit support of the law enforcement agencies. The Myanmar government has banned the media in the area. Neighboring Bangladesh also took a stubborn stand by not only preventing the refugees from entering the country, but also by not allowing the media to interview the refugees. The upshot of it all is a humanitarian disaster.
According to one analysis the origin of the current conflict may lie much deeper in the geo-politics of the area. China reportedly has invested heavily in the area and enemies of China are trying to destabilize the situation in order to weaken the country’s economic role in Myanmar. This is part of a larger agenda to thwart China’s economic ascendancy. (see landdestroyer.blogspot.com/2012/06/new-front-myanmers-role-in-geopolitics.html)
What is shocking in this whole episode is the stand taken by the country’s Nobel Peace Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi. She doesn’t seem to have been moved at all by this unprecedented humanitarian crisis. Another shocking phenomenon is the statement by the US Charge d’ Affairs in Myanmar who praised the government’s role in the crisis. Has the international community lost its conscience?
What should be done to overcome the crisis? Violence should stop immediately. The state government in Rakhine and the central government under Thein Sein have a big role to play in this. The law should be applied without bias and wrongdoers should be punished, regardless of their ethnicity or religion. At the same time, Thein Sein should initiate measures to grant citizenship to the Rohingyas.
Myanmar’s fellow ASEAN states should quietly encourage Thein Sein to move in this direction.
Dr. Abdullah Ahsan,
Vice-President,
International Movement for Just World (JUST).
Petaling Jaya, Malaysia.
source here
Rohingya refugees trying to make it to Bangladesh.
By Tony Iltis
There are wildly divergent estimates of the death toll from ethnic and religious violence in the Burmese state of Arakan.
Mainstream media reports and the Burmese government are claiming that fewer than 100 people have been killed in violence they describe as clashes between the Buddhist Rakhine majority and Muslim Rohingya minority communities.
There are wildly divergent estimates of the death toll from ethnic and religious violence in the Burmese state of Arakan.
Mainstream media reports and the Burmese government are claiming that fewer than 100 people have been killed in violence they describe as clashes between the Buddhist Rakhine majority and Muslim Rohingya minority communities.
However, Rohingya sources estimate thousands of deaths from a planned campaign of violent ethnic cleansing by Burmese government forces. Rohingya sources say the regime has been instigating Rakhine mob violence as part of their campaign.
France 24 said on June 22: “More than 80 people have been killed and thousands displaced in a wave of violence between Muslims and Buddhists in west Burma.”
On June 21, the Burmese government put the death toll at 62, Associated Press reported.
But the National Democratic Party for Human Rights (NDPHR), a Rohingya political party that won four seats in the democratic 1990 Burmese elections, said on June 19: “The information from Arakan confirmed that the death toll of Rohingya has exceeded 10,000 from Sittwe city alone, and a few thousand from Maungdaw, Rathedaung and Kyauktaw townships.
“Most of them were shot dead, brutally beaten to death, burnt alive and the rest were those taken away by security forces into hidden areas.”
Reports on social media from Rohingya sources inside Arakan, such as the NDPHR, have been published in English on Malaysian-based website The Sail and the site of the Ethnic Rohingya Committee of Arakan in Malaysia.
These reports make a grim catalogue: along with mass killings, alleged atrocities include burning of villages, mass rape, mass arrests, torture, looting and extortion.
Rakhine mobs and armed Rakhine elements have been responsible for much of the violence, but the main perpetrators have been the military and paramilitary forces of the Burmese government: the police, the army, the navy and in particular the Nasaka border security forces.
There are also reports of clashes between Rohingya and Rakhine rioters and clashes between government forces and armed Rakhine groups.
The violence started on June 3 in Taungup township when 10 Rohingya bus passengers were beaten to death by a 300-strong lynch mob. For the preceding week, Buddhist extremist hate groups ― assisted by the local media in Arakan ― had been blaming Muslims for the May 28 rape and murder of a Rakhine woman in the village of Thabyaychaung.
This was used as a pretext to whip up violent anti-Rohingya sentiment.
The NDPHR said activists from the Wanthanu Rakheta Association were distributing anti-Muslim leaflets in Taungup on the morning of June 3 immediately before the lynching.
On June 18, three Rohingya men were sentenced to death for the May 28 rape and murder, Democratic Voice of Burma reported. One of the three, “accused of masterminding” the crime, had already died in custody (officially suicide), but death sentences can be given retrospectively under Burmese law.
Phil Robertson, head of the Asia division of Human Rights Watch (FRW), told DVB: “We condemn the imposition of the death penalty in all cases as cruel and inhumane treatment. But we’ve also had no access to information about this case, so there is no way to say whether the three men on trial are in fact guilty.”
Chris Lewa, Director of the Arakan Project, told DVB: “My concern would be whether there was any kind of proper judicial system. This was quite quick.”
More than a third of Burma’s population belongs to oppressed nationalities and dozens of national liberation struggles have been ongoing since Burma won independence in 1948. In the past, both Rakhine and Rohinhya armed groups have fought the Burmese government in Arakan, and sometimes each other.
No Rohingya groups have been involved in armed struggle for 10 years. The main Rakhine rebel group, the Arakan Liberation Party, entered peace talks with the government this year.
Successive US governments have had a strained relationship with Burma’s military rulers. The US even provides not-so-covert support to some of the insurgent groups.
However, a confidential October 10, 2002, cable from the US embassy in Rangoon ― published by WikiLeaks on August 30 last year ― repeats in good faith spurious allegations by Burmese military intelligence linking the Rohingya national movement with Osama bin Laden.
The same cable expresses scepticism at Burmese government charges of terrorism against other armed national movements.
The Burmese government has used the anti-Islam bias in the “war on terror” narrative, which the West now uses to justify its wars, to delegitimise Rohingya self-determination to Western policy makers.
Reporting the current violence in Arakan, the Western media have generally repeated claims by the Burmese regime and Rakhine chauvinists that the Rohingya are not indigenous to Arakan, but are immigrants from Bangladesh or their descendants.
In reality, the Rohingya can trace their existence in Arakan as far back as the Rakhine can. There are records of Islamic political entities in Arakan more than a millennium ago.
Antipathy between different ethnic and religious groups was fostered by the British during the colonial period. In World War II, just before Burma won independence, Arakan was the site of some of the biggest clashes between the British and Japanese empires.
Intersecting with this conflict was Burma’s struggle for independence and many local conflicts. This resulted in large-scale violence between Japanese-armed Rakhine and British-armed Rohingya militias.
Both sides committed massacres of civilians, but the Rohingya bore the brunt of them. There was a large flow of Rohingya refugees to the nearest British territory: what is today Bangladesh.
Since independence in 1948, there have been anti-Rohingya pogroms in 1949, 1967-8, 1978 and 1991, sending more refugees to Bangladesh.
Encouraging Buddhist chauvinism and anti-Rohingya prejudice is the Burmese state’s political response to Rakhine nationalism. For its part, Bangladesh sees the Rohingya as illegal immigrants from Burma.
Sources Here:
France 24 said on June 22: “More than 80 people have been killed and thousands displaced in a wave of violence between Muslims and Buddhists in west Burma.”
On June 21, the Burmese government put the death toll at 62, Associated Press reported.
But the National Democratic Party for Human Rights (NDPHR), a Rohingya political party that won four seats in the democratic 1990 Burmese elections, said on June 19: “The information from Arakan confirmed that the death toll of Rohingya has exceeded 10,000 from Sittwe city alone, and a few thousand from Maungdaw, Rathedaung and Kyauktaw townships.
“Most of them were shot dead, brutally beaten to death, burnt alive and the rest were those taken away by security forces into hidden areas.”
Reports on social media from Rohingya sources inside Arakan, such as the NDPHR, have been published in English on Malaysian-based website The Sail and the site of the Ethnic Rohingya Committee of Arakan in Malaysia.
These reports make a grim catalogue: along with mass killings, alleged atrocities include burning of villages, mass rape, mass arrests, torture, looting and extortion.
Rakhine mobs and armed Rakhine elements have been responsible for much of the violence, but the main perpetrators have been the military and paramilitary forces of the Burmese government: the police, the army, the navy and in particular the Nasaka border security forces.
There are also reports of clashes between Rohingya and Rakhine rioters and clashes between government forces and armed Rakhine groups.
The violence started on June 3 in Taungup township when 10 Rohingya bus passengers were beaten to death by a 300-strong lynch mob. For the preceding week, Buddhist extremist hate groups ― assisted by the local media in Arakan ― had been blaming Muslims for the May 28 rape and murder of a Rakhine woman in the village of Thabyaychaung.
This was used as a pretext to whip up violent anti-Rohingya sentiment.
The NDPHR said activists from the Wanthanu Rakheta Association were distributing anti-Muslim leaflets in Taungup on the morning of June 3 immediately before the lynching.
On June 18, three Rohingya men were sentenced to death for the May 28 rape and murder, Democratic Voice of Burma reported. One of the three, “accused of masterminding” the crime, had already died in custody (officially suicide), but death sentences can be given retrospectively under Burmese law.
Phil Robertson, head of the Asia division of Human Rights Watch (FRW), told DVB: “We condemn the imposition of the death penalty in all cases as cruel and inhumane treatment. But we’ve also had no access to information about this case, so there is no way to say whether the three men on trial are in fact guilty.”
Chris Lewa, Director of the Arakan Project, told DVB: “My concern would be whether there was any kind of proper judicial system. This was quite quick.”
More than a third of Burma’s population belongs to oppressed nationalities and dozens of national liberation struggles have been ongoing since Burma won independence in 1948. In the past, both Rakhine and Rohinhya armed groups have fought the Burmese government in Arakan, and sometimes each other.
No Rohingya groups have been involved in armed struggle for 10 years. The main Rakhine rebel group, the Arakan Liberation Party, entered peace talks with the government this year.
Successive US governments have had a strained relationship with Burma’s military rulers. The US even provides not-so-covert support to some of the insurgent groups.
However, a confidential October 10, 2002, cable from the US embassy in Rangoon ― published by WikiLeaks on August 30 last year ― repeats in good faith spurious allegations by Burmese military intelligence linking the Rohingya national movement with Osama bin Laden.
The same cable expresses scepticism at Burmese government charges of terrorism against other armed national movements.
The Burmese government has used the anti-Islam bias in the “war on terror” narrative, which the West now uses to justify its wars, to delegitimise Rohingya self-determination to Western policy makers.
Reporting the current violence in Arakan, the Western media have generally repeated claims by the Burmese regime and Rakhine chauvinists that the Rohingya are not indigenous to Arakan, but are immigrants from Bangladesh or their descendants.
In reality, the Rohingya can trace their existence in Arakan as far back as the Rakhine can. There are records of Islamic political entities in Arakan more than a millennium ago.
Antipathy between different ethnic and religious groups was fostered by the British during the colonial period. In World War II, just before Burma won independence, Arakan was the site of some of the biggest clashes between the British and Japanese empires.
Intersecting with this conflict was Burma’s struggle for independence and many local conflicts. This resulted in large-scale violence between Japanese-armed Rakhine and British-armed Rohingya militias.
Both sides committed massacres of civilians, but the Rohingya bore the brunt of them. There was a large flow of Rohingya refugees to the nearest British territory: what is today Bangladesh.
Since independence in 1948, there have been anti-Rohingya pogroms in 1949, 1967-8, 1978 and 1991, sending more refugees to Bangladesh.
Encouraging Buddhist chauvinism and anti-Rohingya prejudice is the Burmese state’s political response to Rakhine nationalism. For its part, Bangladesh sees the Rohingya as illegal immigrants from Burma.
Sources Here:
Monday 25 June 2012
John Sparks
Asia Correspondent
As Burma's rulers claim the country is embracing democracy, Asia correspondent John Sparks reports on the perilous attempts of native Rohingya people to seek refuge in Bangladesh.
At the end of a jetty in the town of Teknaf in Bangladesh, the sound of misery rose up above the wind and the waves. 140 men and boys were caught by the coastguard at first light, and a camera team filmed as they pleaded and prayed for their lives.
After weeks of violence in north west Burma, members of that country's Muslim minority, also known as the "Rohingya", are trying to flee. But no one wants them. We filmed as members of the Bangladesh coastguard handed out water and packs or rice and bread rolls before ordering them back onto their boats.
They were a sorry-looking group, many of whom were crying uncontrollably. Their boats were leaky and badly overloaded, but it wasn't the voyage they men fear most - they are petrified of returning to Burma.
"They'll kill me," said one man who had to be dragged on a boat. Our camera team heard the reply from a member of the coast guard: "Allah will save you. Now go back."
In Burma's Rakhine state, the fires have been burning for several weeks now. Homes have been raised and lives taken by hate filled mobs. Ethnic Buddhists and the Muslim Rohingya blame each other for the violence, but hard facts are difficult to come by.
International NGOs have pulled their staff out - too dangerous they say - while Burma's government refuses to let independent observers in. The result is an information vacuum - no-one knows what the death toll or how many have escaped the violence.
The United Nations says 90,000 people have been displaced by the violence but they have little more than guesswork to rely on. The head of the UNHCR in Bangladesh, Craig Saunders told us: "It is very, very difficult to get an accurate picture of what is actually going on."
Information is scarce, but our camera team found people willing to talk. They spoke to Rohingya refugees who'd made the crossing to Bangladesh. Some have hidden in farmers' shacks. Others have been taken in by sympathetic locals - and most were seemed deeply traumatised.
One illegal entrant, called Shahara, said: "My sisters, brothers and other relatives were burnt alive. They burnt my own children. We couldn't bear it any more so we came to Bangladesh. The coastguard turned us back three times - and we floated at sea for four days and four nights. Then we managed to sneak in. Three of our children were burnt to death in Burma. Another two died in the boat getting here."
Her husband Mohammad told us that local policemen and members of the military in Burma had sided with the ethnic Buddhists - participating in attacks on Muslims. He said he saw a Burmese helicopter attack boats packed with refugees: "There were three boats together when we set off - and another three followed us. The three boats that lagged behind where attacked by a helicopter and caught fire."
He thinks almost 50 people were killed, adding: "We saw something reddish fall on the boats and instantly they exploded into flames."
A regional official in Burma today denied this allegation, pointing out that there was "only one" helicopter in Rakhine state which is "unarmed".
We don't know what happened to the men and the boys we filmed on the jetty in Teknaf.
A local contact said five of the boats, pushed back into the sea, had disappeared by the next morning - but like much of the tesitmony we've heard, we have been unable to verify this.
Still, events in Burma are a catastrophe for the Rohingya, a little-known group of people who nobody seems to want. Only dialogue and generosity and human decency will prevent further loss of life.
Source here
By Jacob Zenn
The recent inter-ethnic riots between Rakhine and Rohingya communities in Myanmar highlight some of the major human security issues the country must face as it embarks on democratization and peace-building processes.
While there are no questions asked about the citizenship of 135 officially recognized ethnic groups across Myanmar, the majority of which straddle the country's borderlands with India, Bangladesh, China and Thailand, the Rohingya are viewed by the state as outsiders.
The Rohingya have lived in the border region between Bangladesh and Myanmar for generations, but as the aftermath of the riots shows, Myanmar citizens - elites and commoners alike - hold little sympathy for their stateless plight.
A typical post-colonial "indigene-settler" dispute exists in Rakhine state. The Buddhist Rakhines consider themselves as the original inhabitants of the land and perceive the Muslim Rohingya as "Bengali settlers". The Rohingya make conflicting historical claims to their rights as Myanmar citizens.
The recent tensions between the two communities escalated after the horrific rape and killing of a Rakhine girl in Kyat Ni Maw on May 28. Photos of her brutalized corpse were disseminated on the Internet, shortly after which news stations reported that three Rohingya were detained as suspects in her murder.
This prompted hundreds of Rakhines to rally against the crime in front of a police station and the local administrative agency of Rakhine state. Days later, on June 3, a group of Rakhines turned to vigilante justice when they reportedly killed nine Rohingya in a revenge attack on bus passengers in Taung Kote, Rakhine state.
Angered by the local media's slanted reporting of the murder and its provocative references to the Rohingya as kala, Rohingya in Yangon staged their own protests.
Although the word kala derives from the Pali word meaning "noble", it also means "black" in the Hindi language.The term is associated with racist connotations in the Burmese language, and is often used to refer to outsiders from the subcontinent, including Bangladeshis, Indians, Nepalis, Sri Lankans and Pakistanis.
To Rohingya, being called kala is to deny their historical connection to Rakhine state. The word "Rohingya" derives from the word "Rakhine", evidence of their connection to the land, Rohingya claim.
The Rohingya's protest over kala references also reflects their frustration over their official exclusion from Myanmar society. As the country's democratic reforms move ahead, many disfranchised Rohingya hope to gain citizenship rights, but so far there are no indications this is in the cards.
Myanmar's 1982 Citizenship Law established that the Rohingya, along with several other communities such as the Gurkhas (an ethnic community with historical links to Nepal), were not among the 135 officially recognized ethnic groups in Myanmar entitled to citizenship.
Myanmar's next census is scheduled for 2013, but no changes in the Rohingya's status are likely given that even the country's most respected leaders are approaching the issue with caution in the wake of the recent riots. Pro-democracy icon Aung San Suu Kyi said recently that "the problem should be tackled by fair application of the law", presumably the already standing Citizenship Law.
Ko Ko Gyi, an icon from the 1988 pro-democracy protests brutally suppressed by the military and until recently a prominent political prisoner, has openly opposed the Rohingya gaining citizenship. He also implied that sympathetic foreigners should stay out of the issue, in line with the military's long-held view on the matter.
"Now it is time that we announce our view on the Rohingya clearly. The Rohingya are not one of the ethnic groups of Myanmar at all. We see that the riots happening currently in Buthedaung and Maungdaw of [Rakhine] state are because of the illegal immigrants from Bangladesh called Rohingya and the mischievous provocations of some international communities," Ko Ko Gyi said.
"Therefore, such interfering efforts by some powerful nations on this issue without fully understanding the ethnic groups and other situations of Burma will be viewed as offending the sovereignty of our nation."
Empowered by Myanmar's recent lifting of restrictions on the Internet, citizens now freely communicate on social-media networks such as Facebook. Many have used racially charged language about the Rohingya that previously would have been banned or censored.
Their online postings have highlighted grassroots perceptions among Burmans that the Rohingya should not be considered citizens of Myanmar. Not only are the Rohingya referred to askala on these posts, but they are also being viewed as "terrorists".
One representative post, for example, read: "We have a right of self-defense. I hope DASSK [Daw Aung San Suu Kyi] would understand that this is not bullying the minority. They are not a minority anyway. This is a sovereignty issue and this is just terrorism and they are evil enemies of freedom."
By mid-June, the government had declared martial law and imposed a curfew in several districts of Rakhine state. More than 80 have been killed and thousands of homes torched since the clashes first erupted. Sporadic violence has continued since the imposition of emergency rule over the area.
More than 800,000 Rohingya reside in Myanmar, but the violence is pushing a new wave of refugees into Bangladesh. The United Nations estimated there were already 300,000 Rohingya living in refugee camps in Bangladesh, many of whom fled earlier rounds of state suppression against their communities in Myanmar.
Myanmar and Bangladesh will hold talks about the Rohingya situation in early July - Myanmar's President Thein Sein is due to start a three-day visit to Bangladesh on July 15. Some hope the persecuted minority will be granted some sort of quasi-citizenship after the talks. If this should fail, then the Rohingya will remain in a legal and physical limbo hoping for refugee status somewhere abroad.
Jacob Zenn is an international-affairs analyst based in Washington, DC, who formerly worked at the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in Malaysia.
The recent inter-ethnic riots between Rakhine and Rohingya communities in Myanmar highlight some of the major human security issues the country must face as it embarks on democratization and peace-building processes.
While there are no questions asked about the citizenship of 135 officially recognized ethnic groups across Myanmar, the majority of which straddle the country's borderlands with India, Bangladesh, China and Thailand, the Rohingya are viewed by the state as outsiders.
The Rohingya have lived in the border region between Bangladesh and Myanmar for generations, but as the aftermath of the riots shows, Myanmar citizens - elites and commoners alike - hold little sympathy for their stateless plight.
A typical post-colonial "indigene-settler" dispute exists in Rakhine state. The Buddhist Rakhines consider themselves as the original inhabitants of the land and perceive the Muslim Rohingya as "Bengali settlers". The Rohingya make conflicting historical claims to their rights as Myanmar citizens.
The recent tensions between the two communities escalated after the horrific rape and killing of a Rakhine girl in Kyat Ni Maw on May 28. Photos of her brutalized corpse were disseminated on the Internet, shortly after which news stations reported that three Rohingya were detained as suspects in her murder.
This prompted hundreds of Rakhines to rally against the crime in front of a police station and the local administrative agency of Rakhine state. Days later, on June 3, a group of Rakhines turned to vigilante justice when they reportedly killed nine Rohingya in a revenge attack on bus passengers in Taung Kote, Rakhine state.
Angered by the local media's slanted reporting of the murder and its provocative references to the Rohingya as kala, Rohingya in Yangon staged their own protests.
Although the word kala derives from the Pali word meaning "noble", it also means "black" in the Hindi language.The term is associated with racist connotations in the Burmese language, and is often used to refer to outsiders from the subcontinent, including Bangladeshis, Indians, Nepalis, Sri Lankans and Pakistanis.
To Rohingya, being called kala is to deny their historical connection to Rakhine state. The word "Rohingya" derives from the word "Rakhine", evidence of their connection to the land, Rohingya claim.
The Rohingya's protest over kala references also reflects their frustration over their official exclusion from Myanmar society. As the country's democratic reforms move ahead, many disfranchised Rohingya hope to gain citizenship rights, but so far there are no indications this is in the cards.
Myanmar's 1982 Citizenship Law established that the Rohingya, along with several other communities such as the Gurkhas (an ethnic community with historical links to Nepal), were not among the 135 officially recognized ethnic groups in Myanmar entitled to citizenship.
Myanmar's next census is scheduled for 2013, but no changes in the Rohingya's status are likely given that even the country's most respected leaders are approaching the issue with caution in the wake of the recent riots. Pro-democracy icon Aung San Suu Kyi said recently that "the problem should be tackled by fair application of the law", presumably the already standing Citizenship Law.
Ko Ko Gyi, an icon from the 1988 pro-democracy protests brutally suppressed by the military and until recently a prominent political prisoner, has openly opposed the Rohingya gaining citizenship. He also implied that sympathetic foreigners should stay out of the issue, in line with the military's long-held view on the matter.
"Now it is time that we announce our view on the Rohingya clearly. The Rohingya are not one of the ethnic groups of Myanmar at all. We see that the riots happening currently in Buthedaung and Maungdaw of [Rakhine] state are because of the illegal immigrants from Bangladesh called Rohingya and the mischievous provocations of some international communities," Ko Ko Gyi said.
"Therefore, such interfering efforts by some powerful nations on this issue without fully understanding the ethnic groups and other situations of Burma will be viewed as offending the sovereignty of our nation."
Empowered by Myanmar's recent lifting of restrictions on the Internet, citizens now freely communicate on social-media networks such as Facebook. Many have used racially charged language about the Rohingya that previously would have been banned or censored.
Their online postings have highlighted grassroots perceptions among Burmans that the Rohingya should not be considered citizens of Myanmar. Not only are the Rohingya referred to askala on these posts, but they are also being viewed as "terrorists".
One representative post, for example, read: "We have a right of self-defense. I hope DASSK [Daw Aung San Suu Kyi] would understand that this is not bullying the minority. They are not a minority anyway. This is a sovereignty issue and this is just terrorism and they are evil enemies of freedom."
By mid-June, the government had declared martial law and imposed a curfew in several districts of Rakhine state. More than 80 have been killed and thousands of homes torched since the clashes first erupted. Sporadic violence has continued since the imposition of emergency rule over the area.
More than 800,000 Rohingya reside in Myanmar, but the violence is pushing a new wave of refugees into Bangladesh. The United Nations estimated there were already 300,000 Rohingya living in refugee camps in Bangladesh, many of whom fled earlier rounds of state suppression against their communities in Myanmar.
Myanmar and Bangladesh will hold talks about the Rohingya situation in early July - Myanmar's President Thein Sein is due to start a three-day visit to Bangladesh on July 15. Some hope the persecuted minority will be granted some sort of quasi-citizenship after the talks. If this should fail, then the Rohingya will remain in a legal and physical limbo hoping for refugee status somewhere abroad.
Jacob Zenn is an international-affairs analyst based in Washington, DC, who formerly worked at the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in Malaysia.
Source here
 |
| Photo:AP |
Yangon – The Arakan conflict in western Burma might have taken many more lives than the official report of 50 plus deaths. According to sources from Arakan state, more Rohingyas have been killed, but an exact number of deaths and displaced people is difficult to obtain as the government has barred journalists and relief organizations from visiting various places.
According to a letter submitted to a Member of Parliament U Shwe Maung by a Muslim community representative from the town of Sittwe, 159 Rohingyas were killed and 1,240 people are missing. The list that accounts for the Sittwe area from June 9 to 18 shows that 800 people have been injured (bullet and knife wounds). The list also shows that 94,613 Rohingya minority people have been displaced.
An email exchange between Rohingya activists in Thailand and Europe indicates, however, that the actual numbers are much higher.
A freelance reporter, who remains to be anonymous, predicts that Rohingya people in places where journalists are denied access to might be facing severe treatments including extra judicial killings and forced relocation.
Information shows that Border Administration Force (or Na Sa Ka) and security police have been raiding the homes of the Rohingyas, randomly shooting people, and secretly disposing bodies.
A Rohingya youth in Germany told MMSY News that he lost three relatives in Sittwe and that one is still missing. He added that Muslims’ homes are being bulldozed in the town of Sittwe.
Mg Win, a Rohingya migrant worker in Bangkok whose family lives in Sittwe, said, “People have been taken away, but they were not told where they have been taken to”.
The Burmese media, especially the domestic Burmese language journals, including Weekly Eleven, the Voice, and 7Days News have been reporting that Rohingyas are burning down their own homes.
Mg Win complaints, however, that the media reports are not accurate as houses are being burnt down by ethnic Rakhines and authorities.
Win Than, a migrant woman in Bangkok, agrees with Mg Win. She said her house in Sittwe was burnt down, and her family has been living in her grandparents’ village. She added that Na Sa Ka and security police are forcing Rohingyas to sign that they burnt down their own homes.
Although the scene in Sittwe seems calm presently, widespread but silent killing and house burning are still happening in various places. Rohingyas are specifically targeted by the authorities. “Even in Sittwe, Muslims (not just ethnic Rohingyas) are being forced out of their homes,” said Win Than.
Families who lost their family registration papers due to fire are being arrested. Burmese authorities are charging them with illegal entry without carefully examining whether they are residents or illegal immigrants.
Rohingya women have been targeted for rape as well. On June 15th, Na Sa Ka and security police located in the Maungdaw township raped five women between the ages of 14 and 35.
During the climax of the conflict, entire Rohingya villages were burnt down by Na Sa Ka. People were killed in their own homes; they could not leave due to Curfew. The bodies were transported by military trucks.
When sources were asked why the Rohingya side is still not able to provide photos or evidence of killing and burning experienced by the Rohingya, the sources said that it is difficult for Rohingyas to get photos. Many are still hiding in their houses as they have been shot as soon as they step outside their homes. Taking photos of the incidents and/or communicating information to outside world is virtually impossible.
Meanwhile, journalists and relief organizations are not allowed to freely collect information in Arakan state. The actual extent of killing, displacement, and injuries (estimated to be at a higher rate than previously disclosed) will continue to be unknown to the public.
On June 22nd, the United Nation High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) warned the public that the Arakan state could face “severe humanitarian crisis” due to the conflict.
Credit: MMSY
Thousands of Muslims have been escaping from Myanmar after dozens were killed in religious violence.
They are fleeing attacks in Rakhine state by the Buddhist majority. Many have tried to reach Bangladesh, where their ancestors are from.
However, some Rohingya who reached Bangladesh by boat were turned away by the border guards, who gave them a bottle of water and some food, and forced them back to sea, despite appeals from the UN.
Al Jazeera's Will Jordan reports.
source here
Akyab (Sittwe):
There are five Rohingya villages that were not burned down yet. Rohingya people from other villages those homes were burned down into ashes or destroyed have been taking shelter in the said villages. So far, a group of Rakhine racist mobs have been surrounding the villages with lethal weapons such as— knives, sticks, swords— though the armies were deployed in Akyab. Few Rohingyas were sneaking out in fear of death and the rest are staying to face whatever happens to them at night, according to an elder from Akyab.
So far, there is no international representative to monitor the situation. The UN representative sent to Burma last week was taken to the military’s selected places, not to original places of Rohingya villages where people have been locked in the homes, where food is quickly running out in that areas and no international journalists are able to cover the situation, he more add.
The government sent a few Burmese military personnel to protect in those villages, is only watching them. This is a shame.
What is happening in the Arakan is not a communal riot and it is a controlled genocide? We urge the international community to force Burma to allow International observers and media personal, which appear to be the only way to stop the ongoing genocide, said a Rohingya leader from Akyab.
“In Akyab only, over 30,000 Rohingya Muslims become homeless due to burning homes by police and Hluntin accompanied by a group of Rakhines mob. The security forces totally give security to the Rakhine people while they were torching the homes of Rohingyas or Rohingya villages. The security forces shot on fire to the villagers while they protected their homes from torching by Rakhine mobs. The security forces killed and wounded many villagers along with Rakhines racists and many women including girl were raped.”
No Rohingya can go out due to curfew order, if any one is found out side of the home or village, he/she can be shot dead. Most affected villages are East and west Barsara village, Rohingya Para (old market of Mawlake), Nazir Para including seven small villages. Half of the villagers were killed accompanied by wounded. This is very difficult to communicate each other in Akyab and to counts the dead bodies, missing people and wounded persons are very difficult as the security personnel were taking the dead bodies with them where the arrested persons are unknown where the arrestees are, said a ward administration member.
“About 2,000 villagers had been killed from Nazir Para only by police, Hluntin and Rakhine mobs,” according to the villagers.
Maungdaw Township:
Fake Army – Rakhine (Settler) – rob Rohingya village in Maungdaw
Today, at about 4:00pm, a group of Natala villagers — Rakhine (settlers) who were brought from Barisal town of Bangladesh by Military intelligence in 1980 and settled in Bagonena village east side – with the uniforms of army, numbering in 15 with two guns and lethal weapons entered the Nyaung Chaung Village of Maungdaw Township and try to loot the villager – Abul Kalam’s house- where he realized that the army was fake and shouted for help. Hearing the hue and cry, the villagers rushed to the spot and Bangladeshi Rakhines run away from the spot seeing the villagers approaching. However, they fired to the villagers wounding three villagers, said villagers from Nyaung Chaung.
The village administration officer informed to the three miles camp about the incident, but the Nasaka came lately and sent two wounded villagers to the Maungdaw hospital and the another one was given fast aid.
The villagers now believe that all the robberies and looting in the villages of Nurullah para and Bagonena were committed by Natala villagers after pretending as army.
Another thing is very serious matter that is concerned authority equipped the Natala villagers to harass the Rohingya villagers.
Forced signature
Today, Nasaka from three miles camp of Maungdaw town forcibly took signature from a current village Administration officer of Myothugyi village of Maungdaw, in which 50 villagers were involved in the recent communal riots. The authority intends to extort money from the listed villagers and to arrest some of them who are not able to pay the money they demand.
Kill, loot and wounded
Today at about 11:00 am, a group of army and another group of Nasaka (Burma’s border security force) went to Sanda Para (village) and arrested 35 villagers, mostly young. The villagers were running away while the army was firing bullets to the villagers. However, two youths were killed on the spot and seven villagers were wounded. One of the wounded is a 12-year-old boy and a son of Mohamed Ali, age 80, was severely tortured by army after entering his house. The arrested villagers were brought to unknown place by truck, so the relatives and villagers are very sad regarding their fate.
Besides, today in the evening, 40 villagers from Khorza Bill south (Kanhpoo), mostly young villagers including Sayed Hussain and his brother were arrested by army/ Nasaka and were brought to the Nasaka camp. The Natala villagers who accompanied by the Nasaka and army looted four shops owned by Rohingyas and destroyed them.
KNP
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Sittwe, Arakan State
4 Rohingya houses were burned down by Rakhine and authorities in Sittwe Mawleik Quarter.
60 Rohingya girls were selected and taken by government authorities from Aaung Min galar quarter, Sittwe since 22nd June Friday evening still don’t know where they are.
Many Rohingya houses lists were taken by immigration authorities. Burned down Rohingya villages will be provided to Rakhine according to authorities.
Remaining Rohingya villages and houses were forcefully removed from their houses by the authority from Sittwe town area and relocating them in the remote area of Sittwe according to BBC Burmese news.
Maungdaw Township, Arakan State
NSAKA warned villagers of Myo Thu Gyi, Maung Daw to provide them 20 million kyats before Wednesday. If the villagers cant provide the money by Wednesday , will arrest young people from the village and will rape young Rohingya girls ( Confirmed by villager).
Estimated 400 Muslim Rohingyas people from Maungdaw were arrested and shifted to Buthidaung Township to investigate due to the violence happened June 8, 2012.During the police custody, some unnamed six Rohingyas Muslims were died, our source said The dead bodies were not handed over to the next of kin. The authorities have been arresting randomly Muslims only and harshly investigating unrelated questions. Whereabouts of the dead bodies are still unknown.
A Twenty Six year old young man, Called Bashir son of Jamal, was killed by “NASAKA” in Nurulla Para village without any reason.
Rathadaung Town
10 people from Anunkprin village (Rathadaung Town) were being tortured to dead including some pregnant women, and from Nyaunpingyi village (Rathaedaung Town) there are 17 people( male and female )have already been tortured to dead. In the police custody in Anaukprin village, Some (21) arrested and taken away to unknown destination people’ names from Anaukprin village are as below mentioned.
1. U Yusoop (f) KasimAli, former village chairman
2. U AbduRahman@Maung Maung Win (f) Yusoop, current village chairman
3. U Ba Tin (f) Mohamed Alam, former Secretary, 70 years old
4. U Ali Akbar (f) Kalu, 60 years
5. Huson chay(f) Sayed, currently village council member
6. U Zayid Hussan (f) Dil Mohamed, 30 years
7. U Mamet Ali@ Maung Maung Khin(f) Dil Mohamed, 18 years
8. U Laydaryar (f)Mohammed
9. Mrs. Banu (f) Zawbaur
For the rest 12 more people, we don’t still have available information.
More than 15 selected Rohingya arrested in Buthidaung Township.
Additional Information
Aung Thaung USDP Minister brought some people from central Burma on 6th June to create riot in Arakan according to rioters relatives from Mittihla, Burma.(Unconfirmed).
Source : BROUK
Aung Thaung USDP Minister brought some people from central Burma on 6th June to create riot in Arakan according to rioters relatives from Mittihla, Burma.(Unconfirmed).
Source : BROUK
The topic will be on the agenda when Myanmar President Thein Sein travels to Bangladesh from July 15-17 to meet Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, Major General Anup Kumar Chakma told AFP.
"It is expected the Myanmar refugee issue will be discussed with more seriousness this time," he said.
"Bangladesh supports all actions (and) measures that are being taken by Myanmar to restore normalcy in Rakhine State as early as possible."
Myanmar government officials said they were unable to confirm the planned trip.
Myanmar's Rakhine state, bordering Bangladesh, has been rocked by rioting, arson and a cycle of revenge attacks involving Buddhist Rakhine and Muslim Rohingya this month, prompting growing international concern.
More than 80 people have been killed in the violence, with sporadic outbreaks of violence still occurring, according to the Myanmar government, which has placed the whole of Rakhine state under emergency rule.
"The overall situation in Sittwe district is under control although the curfew is still in force," he said by telephone.
About 800,000 Rohingya live in Myanmar, according to the UN, which views them as one of the world's most persecuted minorities.
In recent weeks Bangladesh has turned away hundreds of Rohingya Muslims fleeing the violence in Myanmar despite pressure from the United States and rights groups to grant them refuge.
The impoverished South Asian country is already home to a Rohingya refugee population estimated at 300,000.
Speaking a Bengali dialect similar to one in southeast Bangladesh, the Rohingya are seen as illegal immigrants by the Myanmar government and many Burmese, prompting many to attempt to flee to third countries in rickety boats. – AFP
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Burma, Bangladesh leaders 'to discuss Rohingya'
Updated 26 June 2012, 10:13 AEST
A Rohingya woman from Burma, who tried to cross the Naf river into Bangladesh to escape sectarian violence, cries while holding her six-day-old baby in a Bangladeshi coast guard station, before being sent back to Burma.
Major General Anup Kumar Chakma says the topic will be on the agenda when Burma's President Thein Sein travels to Bangladesh in mid-July to meet Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina.
He has told AFP news agency that Bangladesh supports all measures taken by Burma to restore normalcy in Rakhine State.
Burmese government officials say they are unable to confirm the planned trip.
Burma's Rakhine state, bordering Bangladesh, has been rocked by rioting, arson and a cycle of revenge attacks involving Buddhist Rakhine and Muslim Rohingya.
The Burmese government says more than 80 people have been killed in the violence, with sporadic outbreaks of violence still occurring.
The whole of Rakhine state has been placed under emergency rule.
The United Nations says about 800,000 Rohingya live in Burma and views them as one of the world's most persecuted minorities.
In recent weeks Bangladesh has turned away hundreds of Rohingya Muslims fleeing the violence in Burma, despite international pressure to grant them refuge.
Bangladesh is already home to a Rohingya refugee population estimated at 300,000.
The Burmese government and many Burmese see the Rohingya as illegal immigrants, prompting many Rohingya to attempt to flee to third countries in boats.
Sources Here:
ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္သို႔ ခိုလံႈရန္ နယ္ျခား နတ္ဖ္ျမစ္ကို ျဖတ္ကူးလာတဲ့ မြတ္စလင္ ဒုကၡသည္ေတြ (ဓာတ္ပံု – Reuters)
ရခိုင္ျပည္နယ္တြင္ ျဖစ္ပြားေနေသာ လူမ်ိဳးေရးႏွင့္ ဘာသာေရး မၿငိမ္သက္မႈမ်ားေၾကာင့္ ပိုမိုဒုက ၡေရာက္ေန ၾကၿပီ ဟု ကုလသမဂၢ ဒုကၡသည္မ်ားဆိုင္ရာ မဟာမင္းႀကီး႐ုံး(UNHCR) က ေျပာၾကားသည္။
“ကေလးေတြ၊ မိန္းမေတြ၊ လူအိုေတြနဲ႔ လူအေတာ္မ်ားမ်ား လမ္းမေတြေပၚ အိပ္ေနၾကရတယ္။ တာေပၚလင္စေတြ၊ ျခင္ေထာင္ေတြ၊ ေစာင္ေတြ အႀကီးအက်ယ္ လိုေနတာ စစ္ေတြမွာ ရွိတဲ့ ႏွစ္ဘက္စလုံးရဲ႕ ဒုကၡသည္စခန္းေတြကို သြားခဲ့တဲ့ က်ေနာ္တို႔႐ုံး ဝန္ထမ္း ေတြ က ေတြ႕ခဲ့ပါတယ္”ဟု UNHCR ေျပာေရး ဆိုခြင့္ရွိသူ အန္ဒရီယန္ အက္ဝဒ္က ၿပီးခဲ့သည့္အပတ္ ဂ်နီဗာၿမိဳ႕တြင္ ျပဳလုပ္ေသာ သတင္းစာ ရွင္းလင္း ပြဲ၌ ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။
အၾကမ္းဖက္တိုက္ခိုက္ ဖ်က္ဆီးမႈမ်ားေၾကာင့္ အိုးအိမ္မဲ့သြားရသူမ်ား၊ ေၾကာက္လန္႔ၿပီး အိုးအိမ္စြန္႔ေျပး ရသူမ်ား အပါအဝင္ ဒုကၡေရာက္ရသူေပါင္း ၉ ေသာင္းရွိသည္ဟု UNHCR က ခန္႔မွန္းတြက္ခ်က္ထားၿပီး ယာယီစခန္းမ်ားႏွင့္ ဘုန္းႀကီးေက်ာင္းမ်ား အပါအ၀င္ ေနရာေပါင္း ၇၀ တြင္ ခိုလႈံေနၾကရသည္ဟုလည္း ဆိုသည္။
အၾကမ္းဖက္မႈႏွင့္ တင္းမာမႈမ်ားကို ေလွ်ာ့ခ်ထိန္းခ်ဳပ္ေရးအတြက္ ျမန္မာ လံုၿခံဳေရးတပ္ဖြဲ႕မ်ားက အျမန္ဆုံး ႀကိဳးစားေဆာင္ရြက္ေပး ရန္လည္း ကုလသမဂၢ ၏ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံဆိုင္ရာ လူ႔ အခြင့္အေရး ကိုယ္စားလွယ္ မစၥတာ ေသာမတ္စ္ အိုေဟး ကင္တာနာ က ဇြန္လ ၁၃ ရက္ေန႔တြင္ ေျပာဆိုခဲ့ေသးသည္။
“လုံၿခံဳေရးကိစၥေတြ ေဆာင္ရြက္တဲ့အခါမွာလည္း ဘက္မလိုက္ဖို႔၊ လူ႔ အခြင့္အေရးဆိုင္ရာ အဆင့္အတန္းမီဖို႔၊ တရားဥပေဒေဘာင္ ထဲက ကိုင္တြယ္ဖို႔၊ ႏွစ္ဘက္ အညီအမွ် ျဖစ္ေစဖို႔ ၊ မ်က္ႏွာမေရြးဖို႔ လိုပါတယ္”ဟု ကင္တာနာ က ဆိုသည္။
ႏွစ္ဘက္ အျပန္အလွန္ အၾကမ္းဖက္မႈမ်ား ပ်ံ႕ပြားလာၿပီးေနာက္ ဇြန္လ ၁၀ ရက္ေန႔တြင္ သမၼတ ဦးသိန္းစိန္က ရခိုင္ျပည္နယ္ကို အေရးေပၚအေျခအေန ေၾကညာခဲ့သည္။ ၎ေနာက္တြင္ ကမၻာ့ ကုလသမဂၢအဖြဲ႕(UN) က ရခိုင္ျပည္နယ္အတြင္းရွိ ၎၏ ၀န္ထမ္းမ်ားကို လုံၿခံဳေရး စိတ္ခ်ရာသို႔ ထြက္ခြာခိုင္းခဲ့သည္။
ၿပီးခဲ့သည့္အပတ္ ဗုဒၶဟူးေန႔က ကလႅကတၱား ၿမိဳ႕ရွိ ျမန္မာ ေကာင္စစ္ဝန္ ႐ုံးေရွ႕တြင္ အိႏိၵယ အစၥ လမ္ ေက်ာင္းသားမ်ား အဖြဲ႕ႏွင့္ မြတ္ စလင္ အေျချပဳ ႏိုင္ငံေရးအဖြဲ႕မ်ားက ႐ိုဟင္ဂ်ာမ်ား အေရး ဆႏၵျပ ကန္႔ကြက္ခဲ့ရာ မြတ္စလင္ ႐ိုဟင္ဂ်ာမ်ားသည္ ျမန္မာ ႏိုင္ငံ သားမ်ားျဖစ္ၿပီး ယခု ဒုကၡအႀကီး အ က်ယ္ ေရာက္ေနေၾကာင္း ေျပာဆိုၾကသည္။
အၾကမ္းဖက္မႈမ်ားမွ ေဝးရာ ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ ႏိုင္ငံသို႔ ခိုလႈံရန္ ႀကိဳးစားသူမ်ားကိုလည္း ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ အစိုးရက ဝင္ခြင့္ မေပးဘဲ နယ္စပ္ကို ပိတ္ထားသျဖင့္ ဒုကၡေရာက္ရေၾကာင္း ၎တို႔က ဆိုသည္။
ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ အစိုးရကမူ ခိုလႈံလာသူမ်ားသည္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသားမ်ားသာျဖစ္၍ ေနရင္းရပ္ရြာမ်ားတြင္ ၿငိမ္းခ်မ္းစြာ ျပန္လည္ ေန ထိုင္ရန္ကို အလိုရွိေၾကာင္း ေျပာဆိုသည္။
“သူတို႔ဟာ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသားေတြပါ။ သူတို႔ရဲ႕ေမြးရာပါ အခြင့္အေရးေတြကို အသိအမွတ္ မျပဳတာ မ်ိဳး ႏိုင္ငံ တကာ မိသားစု အေနနဲ႔ မေျပာဆိုသင့္ဘူး”ဟု ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ ဥပေဒေရးရာ ဝန္ႀကီး ရွာဖစ္ အာမဒ္ က ေျပာေၾကာင္း Gulf Time သတင္းစာက ဆိုသည္။
ဒုကၡသည္မ်ား ဝင္ေရာက္လာႏိုင္ေရးအတြက္ နယ္စပ္ ဖြင့္ေပးရန္ ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ အား ေတာင္းဆိုေနျခင္း ထက္ ျမန္မာ ႏိုင္ငံတြင္း အၾကမ္းဖက္တိုက္ခိုက္ေနမႈမ်ား ရပ္ဆိုင္းသြားေရးကို ႏိုင္ငံတကာက ပိုအာ႐ံုျပဳ သင့္ေၾကာင္း ယခင္ အပတ္ကလည္း ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ အစိုးရ က ေျပာဆိုခဲ့သည္။
UNHCR ႏွင့္ အေမရိကန္ ျပည္ေထာင္စုက ဒုကၡသည္မ်ား ဝင္ေရာက္ခြင့္ျပဳေရး နယ္စပ္ကိုဖြင့္ေပးရန္ ဘဂ္လားေဒ့ရွ္အစိုးရအား မၾကာ ေသးခင္က ေတာင္းဆိုခဲ့သည္။
ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ အစိုးရက လက္ရွိ ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္တြင္ ႐ိုဟင္ဂ်ာဒုကၡသည္ ၄ သိန္း လက္ခံ ထားရသည့္ အတြက္ ထပ္မံ လက္မခံ လိုေတာ့ေၾကာင္း ေျပာဆိုသည္။
မေလးရွားအေျခစိုက္ အင္တာနက္ သတင္းဌာန ျဖစ္သည့္ မေလးရွားကီနီ သတင္းတပုဒ္၏ ေဖာ္ျပခ်က္အရ လည္း မေလးရွား အတိုက္အခံ ေခါင္းေဆာင္ အန္န၀ါ အီဗရာဟင္က မြတ္စလင္ ႐ုိဟင္ဂ်ာမ်ားအေပၚ မည္သို႔ ျပဳမူ ဆက္ဆံသည္ ဆိုသည္မွာ ျမန္မာ တို႔၏ ယဥ္ေက်းမႈ အဆင့္အတန္း ျပယုဂ္ ျဖစ္ လိမ့္မည္ ဟု ေျပာ ဆုိေၾကာင္း သိ ရွိရသည္။
“ပါလက္စတိုင္းေတြ ဒုကၡခံေနရသလို ႐ိုဟင္ဂ်ာေတြ ေထာင္နဲ႔ခ်ီၿပီး ျမန္မာျပည္က ထြက္ေျပးေနရတယ္”ဟု အန္န၀ါ အီဗရာဟင္က ေျပာဆိုသည္။
Sources Here:
A fire damaged a large building housing displaced Muslims in Rakhine state, as gunfire rang out in the downtown area. At least 50 people have been killed since the sectarian violence broke out last month.
The Associated Press
Homes burn, gunfire heard in western Myanmar
A large building used to house displaced Muslims was badly damaged by fire Sunday in the capital of Myanmar's troubled Rakhine State, while witnesses heard gunfire in the downtown area.
Mra Tha Zin, a Buddhist woman living near the scene of the trouble in the Maw Leik quarter of Sittwe, said police and military units converged on the area.
She said the fire and shooting panicked many residents.
Myanmar's President Thein Sein declared a state of emergency in Rakhine state on June 10.
At least 50 people have been killed in fighting in the state since May 28, when a Buddhist woman was raped and murdered in Kyauk Ni Maw village, allegedly by three members of the Muslim Rohingya minority, who were arrested.
On Monday, a court found the three men guilty and sentenced them to death, although one had committed suicide in his jail cell on June 10.
The rape-murder sparked a series of clashes across Rakhine State, which borders Bangladesh, displacing up to 30,000 people.
The Rohingya have lived in Rakhine State for generations. In 1982, the Myanmar government passed legislation that defined them as immigrants from Bangladesh, making them stateless, and confiscated their property and businesses.
The 800,000 Rohingyas who remain in the state have for decades been subject to persecution and discrimination that have forced an estimated 1 million to flee abroad.
Sources Here:
– June 24, 2012
PRESS RELEASE
Persecution of the Rohingya
The recent escalation of events in early June in the Rakhine state of Western Myanmar is a matter of deep concern to the Perdana Global Peace Foundation. It has been widely reported that the Rohingya, a stateless minority, were physically attacked and their homes burnt by the Buddhist majority with some dozens “reported” dead; however it is believed that thousands perished. This has resulted in thousands fleeing their villages and seeking refuge in neighbouring countries, especially Bangladesh.
Reports abound that for decades the Rohingya, who were born and bred in Myanmar have been subject to discrimination and serious human rights violations by the Buddhist majority. It goes well beyond marginalization of a community, which is often experienced by many ethnic minorities worldwide. Most explicit is the denial of citizenship rights which leaves this minority community even more vulnerable to bigotry, intolerance and abuse by the established majority.
That this humanitarian crisis has reached alarming proportions with sufficient prominence in international media, tells us that much needs to be done and that neighbouring countries need to act on their international human rights obligations and reach out to these displaced people in search of a new home. We especially appeal to the people and government of Bangladesh to allow for the fleeing Rohingya to seek temporary refuge. We are fully aware
of the economic and social pressures on the Bangladeshi people who already have had to
accommodate about 200,000 Rohingya refugees with little aid from the international community, but this is a human catastrophe that we cannot ignore.
We also call on the United Nations, in particular the UNHCR to step up and expedite the process of supporting and rehabilitating the stateless refugees who have fled by the thousands to neighbouring countries. Additionally, since the UN itself has acknowledged the Rohingya to be one of the most persecuted minorities in the world, an international panel of observers to monitor the volatile areas could be a deterrent to continued further persecution persecution.
While we applaud recent developments in the democratic progress of Myanmar, we notice that the plight of the Rohingya, has not received the commensurate attention and concern that other ethnic minorities in Myanmar have received.
We are deeply saddened that given the high political stakes in the current democratization cum liberalization process in Myanmar, the issue of the Rohingya wil be relegated to that of a “sacrificial lamb”; an issue that is easily dispensable and of little significance to the overall
political agenda of the major communities there.
Dr Zulaiha Ismail
Executive Director
Perdana Global Peace Foundation
The recent escalation of events in early June in the Rakhine state of Western Myanmar is a matter of deep concern to the Perdana Global Peace Foundation. It has been widely reported that the Rohingya, a stateless minority, were physically attacked and their homes burnt by the Buddhist majority with some dozens “reported” dead; however it is believed that thousands perished. This has resulted in thousands fleeing their villages and seeking refuge in neighbouring countries, especially Bangladesh.
Reports abound that for decades the Rohingya, who were born and bred in Myanmar have been subject to discrimination and serious human rights violations by the Buddhist majority. It goes well beyond marginalization of a community, which is often experienced by many ethnic minorities worldwide. Most explicit is the denial of citizenship rights which leaves this minority community even more vulnerable to bigotry, intolerance and abuse by the established majority.
That this humanitarian crisis has reached alarming proportions with sufficient prominence in international media, tells us that much needs to be done and that neighbouring countries need to act on their international human rights obligations and reach out to these displaced people in search of a new home. We especially appeal to the people and government of Bangladesh to allow for the fleeing Rohingya to seek temporary refuge. We are fully aware
of the economic and social pressures on the Bangladeshi people who already have had to
accommodate about 200,000 Rohingya refugees with little aid from the international community, but this is a human catastrophe that we cannot ignore.
We also call on the United Nations, in particular the UNHCR to step up and expedite the process of supporting and rehabilitating the stateless refugees who have fled by the thousands to neighbouring countries. Additionally, since the UN itself has acknowledged the Rohingya to be one of the most persecuted minorities in the world, an international panel of observers to monitor the volatile areas could be a deterrent to continued further persecution persecution.
While we applaud recent developments in the democratic progress of Myanmar, we notice that the plight of the Rohingya, has not received the commensurate attention and concern that other ethnic minorities in Myanmar have received.
We are deeply saddened that given the high political stakes in the current democratization cum liberalization process in Myanmar, the issue of the Rohingya wil be relegated to that of a “sacrificial lamb”; an issue that is easily dispensable and of little significance to the overall
political agenda of the major communities there.
Dr Zulaiha Ismail
Executive Director
Perdana Global Peace Foundation
Source here
ရခိုင္ျပည္နယ္ ေမာင္ေတာျမိဳ႔မွာ ဖြင့္လွစ္ထားတဲ့ ဒုကၡသည္ စခန္းေတြမွာ ခိုလွံဳေနတဲ့ အမ်ိဳးသားတခ်ိဳ႕ကို သက္ဆိုင္ရာက ေနရပ္ျပန္ခိုင္းေနေပမဲ့ အမ်ိဳးသမီးနဲ႕ ကေလးေတြက က်န္ရွိေနေသးျပီး အေျခအေန ပံုမွန္ျဖစ္ဖို႔ လိုအပ္ခ်က္ေတြ ရွိေနေသးတယ္လို႔ ပုဂၢလိက ကယ္ဆယ္ေရး လုပ္ငန္း ေဆာင္ရြက္ေန သူေတြ က ေျပာပါတယ္။
ဘူးသီးေတာင္-ေမာင္ေတာ ေရၾကီးခ်ိန္က ရရွိထားျပီး ျမိဳ႔နယ္အုပ္ခ်ဳပ္ေရးရံုးမွာ အသင့္ ရွိေနတဲ့ ရြက္ ဖ်င္တဲေတြ လုပ္ေပးျပီး သန္သန္မာမာေယာက်္ားေတြကို အိုးခြက္ပန္းကန္ေတြ ပါ ေပးျပီး ေနရာျပန္ခ် ထားေပး တာလို႔ ေမာင္ေတာျမိဳ႔က လူမွဳေရး အကူအညီေပးေနသူ တစ္ဦးက ေျပာပါတယ္
ေနရာျပန္ခ်ထားေရးအတြက္ ပူးေပါင္း ေဆာင္ရြက္ေနတာေတြ႔ရေၾကာင္း၊ေအးခ်မ္းတည္ျငိမ္ေနျပီေျပာေပမဲ့ အေျခအေနေတြ ပုံမွန္ မျဖစ္ေသးေၾကာင္း၊ စစ္တပ္ခ်မထားတဲ့အတြက္ မေနရဲၾကေသးေၾကာင္း သူက ေျပာ ပါတယ္။
ေမာင္ေတာျမိဳ႔နယ္မွာ ရခိုင္တိုင္းရင္းသားနဲ႔ ဌာနဆိုင္ရာ အစိုးရ၀န္ထမ္းက လူဦးေရ အားလံုးရဲ႕ ၁၀ ရာခိုင္ႏွဳန္းေတာင္ မျပည့္ဘဲ ရခိုင္ျပည္နယ္ ပဋိပကၡ အတြင္း ရခိုင္ေက်းရြာေတြနဲ႔ အာဏာပိုင္ေတြ အစီအစဥ္နဲ႔ ျပည္မက လူေတြကို ေနရာခ်ထားေပးတ ဲ့ရြာေတြ မီးရွိဳ႕ဖ်က္ဆီးခံခဲ့ရတယ္လို႔
ေဒသခံေတြက ေျပာပါတယ္။
ရပ္ရြာဖ်က္ဆီးခံရလို႔ ထြက္ေျပးလာရသူ ဒုကၡသည္ေတြကုိ ေမာင္ေတာျမိဳ႔ ဗဟိုေက်ာင္းတိုက္၊ ပရဟိတ အလိုေတာ္ျပည့္ ေက်ာင္းတိုက္၊ေအာင္ေျမေဗာဓိ အလိုေတာ္ျပည့္ေက်ာင္း၊ ေလးမိုင္ လံုထိန္း ရဲတပ္ရင္း နဲ႔ ေက်ာင္းေတြ မွာ ေနရာခ်ထားေပး ပါတယ္။
ေတာင္ကုတ္ျမိဳ႔ လူထုက ေမာ္ေတာ္နဲ႔ ေပးပို႔လိုက္တဲ့ ကယ္ဆယ္ေရး ပစၥည္းေတြကုိ ဒီေန႔ လက္ခံရရွိတဲ့ အေၾကာင္း၊ အလွဴရွင္ေတြဆီက ရရွိတာေတြကို အိုးမဲ့အိမ္မဲ့ ဒုကၡသည္ေတြ သာမက မီးေလာင္မႈမွာ မပါ၀င္တဲ့ ေမာင္ေတာ ေျမာက္ပိုင္းက ေဒသခံေတြကိုလည္း လွဴဒါန္းတဲ့ အေၾကာင္းလည္း ကယ္ဆယ္ေရး လုပ္ငန္းေဆာင္ရြက္ေနသူေတြကေျပာပါတယ္။
ဒီအေတာအတြင္းမွာပဲ နယ္စပ္အေျခစိုက္ ကုလားတန္သတင္းဌာနကေမာင္ေတာနဲ႔ နယ္စပ္ေဒသ နယ္ေျမေတြ မွာ အစြန္းေရာက္ ရခိုင္ လူမ်ိဳးေတြနဲ႔ အတူ နစက နဲ႔လံုျခံဳေရးတပ္ဖြဲ႔ တခ်ိဳ႕က ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာ ဘင္ဂါလီလူမ်ိဳးေတြကို တရားမဲ့ ဖမ္းဆီး ႏွိပ္စက္တာေတြ၊ တခ်ိဳ ႔ရြာေတြမွာ မုဒိန္းမႈ က်ဴးလြန္တာေတြ ျဖစ္ ပါြးေနတယ္လို ့ ေရးသား ေဖၚျပထားပါတယ္။
RFA
ယင္းအဆိုကို ျပည္သူ႔လႊတ္ေတာ္ဆိုင္ရာ ဥပေဒ၊ နည္းဥပေဒ ႏွင့္အညီ တင္ျပသြားမည္ျဖစ္ျပီး လႊတ္ေတာ္၏ သေဘာထား အတည္ျပဳခ်က္ ရယူသြားမည္ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း ၊ လူမ်ိဳးေပါင္းစံု ေနထိုင္ေရး တြင္ ရခိုင္ျပည္နယ္ အတြင္း လက္ရွိေနထိုင္ေနေသာ ရခိုင္လူမ်ိဳးအျပင္ ဘာသာကြဲ ၊လူမ်ိဳးကြဲမ်ားေနထိုင္ေရပါ သက္ေရာက္မႈ ရွိေၾကာင္း အစၥလာမ္ဘာသာ၀င္ ျဖစ္သူ ျပည္သူ႔လႊတ္ေတာ္ ကိုယ္စားလွယ္ ကေျပာပါသည္။
အထက္ပါ လႊတ္ေတာ္ ကိုယ္စားလွယ္သည္ျပီးခဲ႔သည္႔ ပထမအၾကိမ္ တတိယပံုမွန္ အစည္းအေ၀းတြင္ ရခိုင္ျပည္နယ္ ေန မြတ္စလင္မ်ား နယ္ေက်ာ္သြားလာခြင့္ႏွင့္ တိုင္းရင္းသားမ်ား အၾကားတန္းတူ ပညာ သင္ၾကားႏုိင္ေရး ကိုျပည္ေထာင္စု လႊတ္ေတာ္တြင္ တင္ျပခဲ့သည္။
လူမ်ိဳးေရးနဲ႔ ဘာသာေရး လႈံ႕ေဆာ္တာေတြ မရွိေအာင္ လည္းလုပ္သြားရမွာပါ။ အေျခအေနေပးတာနဲ႔ တင္ျပမယ္ ဟု ၄င္းက ထပ္ေလာင္းေျပာဆိုသည္။
ရခုိင္ျပည္နယ္အတြင္းက အၾကမ္းဖက္ဆူပူမႈေတြဟာ အဆုိးဆုံးအေျခအေနကုိ ေက်ာ္လြန္ခဲ့ေပမယ့္ အျပည့္အ၀ ပုံမွန္ျပန္မျဖစ္ေသးတဲ့အတြက္ ဒုကၡသည္ေတြဟာ ေနရပ္ကုိ မျပန္ႏုိင္ေသးဘဲ ျဖစ္ေနၾကပါ တယ္။ မေန႔ကဆုိရင္ စစ္ေတြၿမိဳ႕အတြင္းမွာ အိမ္တခ်ဳိ႕ မီး႐ႈိ႕ခံခဲ့ရတယ္လုိ႔ သိရပါတယ္။ ရခုိင္ျပည္နယ္ အတြင္းက ေနာက္ဆုံးအေျခအေနေတြကုိ ကုိေဇာ္၀င္းလႈိင္က ဆက္သြယ္ စုံစမ္းထားၿပီး တင္ျပေပးထား ပါတယ္။
ရခုိင္ျပည္နယ္အတြင္း လြန္ခဲ့တဲ့ သီတင္းပတ္ေတြအတြင္း ျဖစ္ပြားခဲ့တဲ့ အၾကမ္းဖက္ ဆူပူမႈေတြေၾကာင့္ လူ အနည္းဆုံး ၅၀ ေလာက္ ေသဆုံးခဲ့ရတဲ့အထိ အေျခအေနေတြ ဆုိးဆုိးရြားရြားျဖစ္ခဲ့ရာက အခုျပန္ၿပီး တည္ၿငိမ္စ ျပဳလာေနၿပီလုိ႔ ေျပာႏုိင္ေပမယ့္လည္း လုံး၀ တည္ၿငိမ္သြားတာေတာ့ မဟုတ္ေသးပါဘူး။
စစ္ေတြၿမိဳ႕ေပၚမွာ မေန႔က မီး႐ႈိ႕မႈ ႏွစ္ခါျဖစ္ခဲ့တယ္လုိ႔ RNDP ရခုိင္တုိင္းရင္းသားမ်ား တုိးတက္ေရးပါတီက စစ္ေတြၿမိဳ႕ ကုိယ္စားျပဳ ျပည္နယ္လႊတ္ေတာ္အမတ္ ဦးေအာင္ျမတ္ေက်ာ္က ေျပာျပပါတယ္။
“မေန႔က ဘဂၤလီကုလားေတြကေန လာမီး႐ႈိ႕လို႔ မီးသတ္ကားနဲ႔ မီးၿငိမ္းလိုက္လို႔ေတာ့ ၿငိမ္သြားပါတယ္။ သူတို႔လည္း မီး႐ႈိ႕ၿပီးထြက္ေျပးသြားေရာ၊ အဲလိုမ်ဳိးအေျခအေနျဖစ္ေနတယ္။ အမ်ားႀကီးေတာ့ မဟုတ္ပါဘူး။ အိမ္တအိမ္ေလာက္ပဲ၊ ပတ္ဝန္းက်င္က သိတာျမန္လိုက္လို႔၊ ႐ႈိ႕တဲ့လူေတြက ထြက္ေျပးၿပီး သူတို႔ရဲ႕ ဘဂၤလီေက်းရြာထဲကို တင္းကို ဝင္ေျပးသြားေတာ့ လိုက္ဖမ္းလို႔ မရႏုိင္ဘူး။ ညဘက္ဆိုေတာ့-ညမထြက္ရ ဆိုေတာ့ လိုက္လည္း မလုိက္ရဲဘူး၊ ဒီကရြာသားေတြက အဲဒီလို ျဖစ္တာ။ ညဘက္ျဖစ္ တယ္၊ ေန႔လည္ပိုင္းလည္း တႀကိမ္ျဖစ္တယ္။”
အခုလုိ အိမ္ေတြကုိ မီး႐ႈိ႕တာေတြ ရွိခဲ့ေပမယ့္လည္း ထိခုိက္ ဒဏ္ရာရတာ၊ ဆူပူ အုံႂကြတာေတြေတာ့ မျဖစ္ခဲ့ဘူးလုိ႔ ဦးေအာင္ျမတ္ေက်ာ္က ေျပာပါတယ္။
ဒီကေန႔ေတာ့ အေျခအေနေတြဟာ တည္ၿငိမ္မႈ ရွိတယ္ဆုိေပမယ့္ အုိးအိမ္စြန္႔ခြာၿပီး တိမ္းေရွာင္ေနၾကတဲ့ သူေတြဟာ အခုလုိ ႀကိဳၾကား ၀င္ေရာက္ မီး႐ႈိ႕တာေတြ ျဖစ္ေနေသးတဲ့အတြက္ ေနရပ္မျပန္ရဲေသး ဘဲ ျဖစ္ေနၾကသလုိ႔ ၿမိဳ႕ေပၚမွာေတာင္ အာဏာပုိင္ေတြဖက္က လုံၿခံဳေရးကုိ အျပည့္အ၀ ယူမေပးႏုိင္တဲ့ အတြက္ စုိးရိမ္ ပူပန္မႈေတြ ရွိေနတယ္လုိ႔ ဆုိပါတယ္။
မေန႔တုန္းကေတာ့ ရခိုင္ျပည္နယ္မွာ အေျခအေနေတြ တည္ၿငိမ္ေနၿပီျဖစ္လို႔ ေနရပ္ျပန္ခ်င္သူေတြ ျပန္ နိုင္ေအာင္ စီစဥ္ကူညီေပးေနတဲ့အေၾကာင္း ျပည္နယ္အစိုးရရဲ႕ ကယ္ဆယ္ အကူအညီေပးေရး တာဝန္ရွိ သူေတြက မေန႔ကပဲ ဗြီအုိေအကုိ ေျပာခဲ့တာပါ။
တခ်ိန္တည္းမွာလည္း အခုလုိ အခက္အခဲနဲ႔ ရင္ဆုိင္ေနရတဲ့သူေတြ WFP ကမၻာ့စားနပ္ရိကၡာအဖြဲ႔ႀကီး ကလည္း ၿမိဳ႕နယ္ အေတာ္မ်ားမ်ားအတြင္းကုိ ပုိ႔ေပးေနတယ္လုိ႔ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံဆုိင္ရာ ဌာေနကုိယ္စားလွယ္ Carlos Valoso က ဗီြအုိေအကုိ ေျပာျပပါတယ္။
“မေန႔ညကအထိေတာ့ က်ေနာ္တုိ႔ WFP အေနနဲ႔ စစ္ေတြနဲ႔ ရခုိင္ျပည္နယ္ ေျမာက္ပုိင္းေဒသေတြကုိ စားနပ္ရိကၡာ မက္ထရစ္တန္ခ်ိန္ ၄၅၉ တန္နီးပါး အကူအညီေပးၿပီးေနပါၿပီ။”
အရင္ ရက္ေတြတုန္းကေတာ့ တခ်ဳိ႕ ေဒသေတြကုိ စားနပ္ရိကၡာနဲ႔ တျခားအကူအညီေတြ ပုိ႔ေပးဖုိ႔အတြက္ လမ္းပန္းဆက္သြယ္ေရး အခက္အခဲေတြ ရွိေနတယ္ဆုိတဲ့ သတင္းေတြ ထြက္ခဲ့ေပမယ့္လည္း အခုအခ်ိန္မွာ သူတုိ႔အေနနဲ႔ ၿမိဳ႕ေတာ္ စစ္ေတြအပါအ၀င္ ဘူးသီးေတာင္၊ ေမာင္းေတာေဒသေတြ အထိ အကူအညီေတြကုိ အခက္အခဲ မရွိပဲ ပုိ႔ေပးႏုိင္တယ္လုိ႔ Carlos Valoso က ေျပာပါတယ္။
WFP က အခုေပးေနတဲ့ အကူအညီေတြထဲမွာ ဆန္၊ ပဲ၊ ဆီနဲ႔ ဆားတုိ႔ျဖစ္ၿပီး အကူအညီလုိေနသေရြ႕ ဆက္ၿပီး ေထာက္ပံ့ေပးသြားဖုိ႔ စီစဥ္ထားတယ္လုိ႔လည္း Carlos Valoso က ေျပာပါတယ္။
ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံမွာ အရင္က နာဂစ္လုိ သဘာ၀ ေဘးအႏၱရာယ္ႀကီးေတြ ႀကံဳေတြ႔ဖူးတဲ့ အေတြ႔အႀကံဳေတြ ရွိ ခဲ့ေပမယ့္ အရင္က အေတြ႔အႀကံဳေတြကုိ သခၤန္းစာယူၿပီး ေရာက္လာတဲ့ အကူအညီေတြကုိ အျမန္ ဆုံး ျဖန္႔ေ၀ေပးႏုိင္ျခင္း မရွိေသးဘူးလုိ႔ အဲဒီ ေဒသကုိ ကုိယ္တုိင္သြားၿပီး အကူအညီေပးခဲ့သူေတြ က ေထာက္ျပၾကပါတယ္။
“က်ေနာ္တို႔ေတြ႔တာေတာ့ လႉတဲ့ဥစၥာေတြကေတာ့ အမ်ားႀကီးပဲ၊ ဒါေပမဲ့ နာဂစ္တို႔၊ ဂီရိတို႔လည္း ျဖစ္ခဲ့ဖူးၿပီး သား၊ က်ေနာ္တို႔ဆီမွာ အခုထိ crisis management ေပါ့– disaster management ကို အၿမဲတမ္း တုံ႔ျပန္တာကေတာ့ ေႏွးတယ္လို႔ က်ေနာ္တို႔ကေတာ့ ထင္တယ္ခင္ဗ်။ အမွန္ကေတာ့ မီးေလာင္တဲ့ ရပ္ကြက္ေတြ ဘာေတြဆိုလည္း ရွင္းလင္းေရးလုပ္ငန္းေတြ ဘာေတြလည္း လုပ္ေနၾကတာေပါ့ေနာ္။ ဒါေပမဲ့ ဒုကၡေရာက္ေနတဲ့သူေတြ အတြက္ေရာ အခုလတ္တေလာေတာ့ မိုးေတြက ရြာ၊ ေနစရာအခက္အခဲေတြ ကျဖစ္ၿပီးတဲ့အခါက်ေတာ့ sanitary (အမ်ားသံုးအိမ္သာ) ကိစၥေတြ ဘာေတြက အစ အဆင္မေျပဘူးခင္ဗ်၊ က်ေနာ္တုိ႔ သြားတဲ့ေနရာေတြဆိုလို႔ရွိရင္ ကယ္ဆယ္ေရးစခန္းေတြဖြင့္ထားတဲ့ ဘုန္းႀကီးေက်ာင္းေတြဆို အနံ႔အသက္ေတြက မခံႏိုင္ေလာက္ေအာင္ျဖစ္ေနၿပီ။ ” တဦးနဲ႔တဦး ပ်က္ဆီးဆုံးရႈံးရတဲ့ အတုိင္းအတာက မတူတဲ့အတြက္ အစုိးရက တန္းတူညီမွ် အားလုံးကုိ အကူအညီေတြ ေ၀မွ်ေပးေန သလုိမလုပ္ဘဲ လုိအပ္တဲ့ သူေတြ လက္ထဲ အကူအညီေတြ တုိက္႐ုိက္ေပးၾကဖုိ႔ ဒုကၡသည္ေတြကုိယ္တုိင္က အႀကံေပးတာမ်ဳိးေတြ ရွိတယ္လုိ႔လည္း ကူညီ လုပ္ေဆာင္ေပးေနသူေတြက ဗီြအုိေအကုိ ေျပာပါတယ္
ရခုိင္ျပည္နယ္အတြင္း လြန္ခဲ့တဲ့ သီတင္းပတ္ေတြအတြင္း ျဖစ္ပြားခဲ့တဲ့ အၾကမ္းဖက္ ဆူပူမႈေတြေၾကာင့္ လူ အနည္းဆုံး ၅၀ ေလာက္ ေသဆုံးခဲ့ရတဲ့အထိ အေျခအေနေတြ ဆုိးဆုိးရြားရြားျဖစ္ခဲ့ရာက အခုျပန္ၿပီး တည္ၿငိမ္စ ျပဳလာေနၿပီလုိ႔ ေျပာႏုိင္ေပမယ့္လည္း လုံး၀ တည္ၿငိမ္သြားတာေတာ့ မဟုတ္ေသးပါဘူး။
စစ္ေတြၿမိဳ႕ေပၚမွာ မေန႔က မီး႐ႈိ႕မႈ ႏွစ္ခါျဖစ္ခဲ့တယ္လုိ႔ RNDP ရခုိင္တုိင္းရင္းသားမ်ား တုိးတက္ေရးပါတီက စစ္ေတြၿမိဳ႕ ကုိယ္စားျပဳ ျပည္နယ္လႊတ္ေတာ္အမတ္ ဦးေအာင္ျမတ္ေက်ာ္က ေျပာျပပါတယ္။
“မေန႔က ဘဂၤလီကုလားေတြကေန လာမီး႐ႈိ႕လို႔ မီးသတ္ကားနဲ႔ မီးၿငိမ္းလိုက္လို႔ေတာ့ ၿငိမ္သြားပါတယ္။ သူတို႔လည္း မီး႐ႈိ႕ၿပီးထြက္ေျပးသြားေရာ၊ အဲလိုမ်ဳိးအေျခအေနျဖစ္ေနတယ္။ အမ်ားႀကီးေတာ့ မဟုတ္ပါဘူး။ အိမ္တအိမ္ေလာက္ပဲ၊ ပတ္ဝန္းက်င္က သိတာျမန္လိုက္လို႔၊ ႐ႈိ႕တဲ့လူေတြက ထြက္ေျပးၿပီး သူတို႔ရဲ႕ ဘဂၤလီေက်းရြာထဲကို တင္းကို ဝင္ေျပးသြားေတာ့ လိုက္ဖမ္းလို႔ မရႏုိင္ဘူး။ ညဘက္ဆိုေတာ့-ညမထြက္ရ ဆိုေတာ့ လိုက္လည္း မလုိက္ရဲဘူး၊ ဒီကရြာသားေတြက အဲဒီလို ျဖစ္တာ။ ညဘက္ျဖစ္ တယ္၊ ေန႔လည္ပိုင္းလည္း တႀကိမ္ျဖစ္တယ္။”
အခုလုိ အိမ္ေတြကုိ မီး႐ႈိ႕တာေတြ ရွိခဲ့ေပမယ့္လည္း ထိခုိက္ ဒဏ္ရာရတာ၊ ဆူပူ အုံႂကြတာေတြေတာ့ မျဖစ္ခဲ့ဘူးလုိ႔ ဦးေအာင္ျမတ္ေက်ာ္က ေျပာပါတယ္။
ဒီကေန႔ေတာ့ အေျခအေနေတြဟာ တည္ၿငိမ္မႈ ရွိတယ္ဆုိေပမယ့္ အုိးအိမ္စြန္႔ခြာၿပီး တိမ္းေရွာင္ေနၾကတဲ့ သူေတြဟာ အခုလုိ ႀကိဳၾကား ၀င္ေရာက္ မီး႐ႈိ႕တာေတြ ျဖစ္ေနေသးတဲ့အတြက္ ေနရပ္မျပန္ရဲေသး ဘဲ ျဖစ္ေနၾကသလုိ႔ ၿမိဳ႕ေပၚမွာေတာင္ အာဏာပုိင္ေတြဖက္က လုံၿခံဳေရးကုိ အျပည့္အ၀ ယူမေပးႏုိင္တဲ့ အတြက္ စုိးရိမ္ ပူပန္မႈေတြ ရွိေနတယ္လုိ႔ ဆုိပါတယ္။
မေန႔တုန္းကေတာ့ ရခိုင္ျပည္နယ္မွာ အေျခအေနေတြ တည္ၿငိမ္ေနၿပီျဖစ္လို႔ ေနရပ္ျပန္ခ်င္သူေတြ ျပန္ နိုင္ေအာင္ စီစဥ္ကူညီေပးေနတဲ့အေၾကာင္း ျပည္နယ္အစိုးရရဲ႕ ကယ္ဆယ္ အကူအညီေပးေရး တာဝန္ရွိ သူေတြက မေန႔ကပဲ ဗြီအုိေအကုိ ေျပာခဲ့တာပါ။
တခ်ိန္တည္းမွာလည္း အခုလုိ အခက္အခဲနဲ႔ ရင္ဆုိင္ေနရတဲ့သူေတြ WFP ကမၻာ့စားနပ္ရိကၡာအဖြဲ႔ႀကီး ကလည္း ၿမိဳ႕နယ္ အေတာ္မ်ားမ်ားအတြင္းကုိ ပုိ႔ေပးေနတယ္လုိ႔ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံဆုိင္ရာ ဌာေနကုိယ္စားလွယ္ Carlos Valoso က ဗီြအုိေအကုိ ေျပာျပပါတယ္။
“မေန႔ညကအထိေတာ့ က်ေနာ္တုိ႔ WFP အေနနဲ႔ စစ္ေတြနဲ႔ ရခုိင္ျပည္နယ္ ေျမာက္ပုိင္းေဒသေတြကုိ စားနပ္ရိကၡာ မက္ထရစ္တန္ခ်ိန္ ၄၅၉ တန္နီးပါး အကူအညီေပးၿပီးေနပါၿပီ။”
အရင္ ရက္ေတြတုန္းကေတာ့ တခ်ဳိ႕ ေဒသေတြကုိ စားနပ္ရိကၡာနဲ႔ တျခားအကူအညီေတြ ပုိ႔ေပးဖုိ႔အတြက္ လမ္းပန္းဆက္သြယ္ေရး အခက္အခဲေတြ ရွိေနတယ္ဆုိတဲ့ သတင္းေတြ ထြက္ခဲ့ေပမယ့္လည္း အခုအခ်ိန္မွာ သူတုိ႔အေနနဲ႔ ၿမိဳ႕ေတာ္ စစ္ေတြအပါအ၀င္ ဘူးသီးေတာင္၊ ေမာင္းေတာေဒသေတြ အထိ အကူအညီေတြကုိ အခက္အခဲ မရွိပဲ ပုိ႔ေပးႏုိင္တယ္လုိ႔ Carlos Valoso က ေျပာပါတယ္။
WFP က အခုေပးေနတဲ့ အကူအညီေတြထဲမွာ ဆန္၊ ပဲ၊ ဆီနဲ႔ ဆားတုိ႔ျဖစ္ၿပီး အကူအညီလုိေနသေရြ႕ ဆက္ၿပီး ေထာက္ပံ့ေပးသြားဖုိ႔ စီစဥ္ထားတယ္လုိ႔လည္း Carlos Valoso က ေျပာပါတယ္။
ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံမွာ အရင္က နာဂစ္လုိ သဘာ၀ ေဘးအႏၱရာယ္ႀကီးေတြ ႀကံဳေတြ႔ဖူးတဲ့ အေတြ႔အႀကံဳေတြ ရွိ ခဲ့ေပမယ့္ အရင္က အေတြ႔အႀကံဳေတြကုိ သခၤန္းစာယူၿပီး ေရာက္လာတဲ့ အကူအညီေတြကုိ အျမန္ ဆုံး ျဖန္႔ေ၀ေပးႏုိင္ျခင္း မရွိေသးဘူးလုိ႔ အဲဒီ ေဒသကုိ ကုိယ္တုိင္သြားၿပီး အကူအညီေပးခဲ့သူေတြ က ေထာက္ျပၾကပါတယ္။
“က်ေနာ္တို႔ေတြ႔တာေတာ့ လႉတဲ့ဥစၥာေတြကေတာ့ အမ်ားႀကီးပဲ၊ ဒါေပမဲ့ နာဂစ္တို႔၊ ဂီရိတို႔လည္း ျဖစ္ခဲ့ဖူးၿပီး သား၊ က်ေနာ္တို႔ဆီမွာ အခုထိ crisis management ေပါ့– disaster management ကို အၿမဲတမ္း တုံ႔ျပန္တာကေတာ့ ေႏွးတယ္လို႔ က်ေနာ္တို႔ကေတာ့ ထင္တယ္ခင္ဗ်။ အမွန္ကေတာ့ မီးေလာင္တဲ့ ရပ္ကြက္ေတြ ဘာေတြဆိုလည္း ရွင္းလင္းေရးလုပ္ငန္းေတြ ဘာေတြလည္း လုပ္ေနၾကတာေပါ့ေနာ္။ ဒါေပမဲ့ ဒုကၡေရာက္ေနတဲ့သူေတြ အတြက္ေရာ အခုလတ္တေလာေတာ့ မိုးေတြက ရြာ၊ ေနစရာအခက္အခဲေတြ ကျဖစ္ၿပီးတဲ့အခါက်ေတာ့ sanitary (အမ်ားသံုးအိမ္သာ) ကိစၥေတြ ဘာေတြက အစ အဆင္မေျပဘူးခင္ဗ်၊ က်ေနာ္တုိ႔ သြားတဲ့ေနရာေတြဆိုလို႔ရွိရင္ ကယ္ဆယ္ေရးစခန္းေတြဖြင့္ထားတဲ့ ဘုန္းႀကီးေက်ာင္းေတြဆို အနံ႔အသက္ေတြက မခံႏိုင္ေလာက္ေအာင္ျဖစ္ေနၿပီ။ ” တဦးနဲ႔တဦး ပ်က္ဆီးဆုံးရႈံးရတဲ့ အတုိင္းအတာက မတူတဲ့အတြက္ အစုိးရက တန္းတူညီမွ် အားလုံးကုိ အကူအညီေတြ ေ၀မွ်ေပးေန သလုိမလုပ္ဘဲ လုိအပ္တဲ့ သူေတြ လက္ထဲ အကူအညီေတြ တုိက္႐ုိက္ေပးၾကဖုိ႔ ဒုကၡသည္ေတြကုိယ္တုိင္က အႀကံေပးတာမ်ဳိးေတြ ရွိတယ္လုိ႔လည္း ကူညီ လုပ္ေဆာင္ေပးေနသူေတြက ဗီြအုိေအကုိ ေျပာပါတယ္
VOA
အျပည့္အစံုကို ေဒၚခင္မ်ဳိးသက္ က ဆက္ၿပီးတင္ျပထားပါတယ္။
ရခိုင္ျပည္နယ္ထဲမွာ ဆူပူမႈႀကီးႀကီးမားမား မေတြ႔ရေတာ့ေပမယ့္ မေန႔ကအထိ မီးရိႈ႕မႈေတြရွိေနဆဲျဖစ္ၿပီး အေျခေနဟာ ပံုမွန္မျဖစ္ေသးတဲ့အတြက္ အိုးအိမ္ပစ္ၿပီး စိတ္ခ်လံုၿခံဳမယ္ ထင္တဲ့ေနရာေတြမွာ သြားေနသူေတြ၊ ဒုကၡသည္စခန္းေတြကေန မျပန္ရဲသူေတြ အမ်ားအျပား ရွိေနဆဲပါ။ ဒီဒုကၡသည္ေတြအတြက္ ကုလသမဂၢဒုကၡသည္မ်ား ဆိုင္ရာအဖြဲ႔က အကူညီေပးေရးအဖြဲ႔တဖြဲ႔ စစ္ေတြကို သြားေရာက္ၿပီး အကူညီေတြ စေပးေနၿပီလို႔ ကုလသမဂၢ အတြင္းေရးမႈးခ်ဳပ္ရံုးေျပာခြင့္ရ Faren Haq ကေျပာပါတယ္။
ကုသမဂၢဒုကၡသည္မ်ားဆိုင္ရာအဖြဲ႔က ေနာက္ထပ္ေစလႊတ္လိုက္တဲ့ အကူအညီေပးေရးအဖြဲ႔ဟာ ရခုိင္ျပည္ နယ္ စစ္ေတြၿမိဳ႔ကို ေရာက္သြားၿပီမို႔ အဲဒီမွာ အေရးအခင္းျဖစ္ေနခ်ိန္တေလွ်ာက္လံုး တာ၀န္ ထမ္းေဆာင္ေန သူေတြနဲ႔ ပူးေပါင္းၿပီး အကူညီေတြေပးေနပါၿပီ။ သူတို႔ဟာ အဲဒီက ဒုကၡသည္ေတြကို အကူညီေပးဖို႔ ၊ အိုးအိမ္ေရႊ႕ေျပာင္းေနထုိင္ရသူေတြရဲ့ အခက္အခဲေတြကို ကူညီဖို႔ လူ ၉ ေထာင္စာ အကူညီေပးေရး ပစၥည္းေတြကို ထရပ္ကားေတြနဲ႔ ပို႔ေပးေနပါတယ္။
ရာသီဥတု ဆိုးလာတဲ့အျပင္ ဒုကၡသည္ေတြ အထူးသျဖင့္ သက္ႀကီး ရြယ္အိုေတြနဲ႔ ကေလး ငယ္ေတြ ေျမျ ပင္ မွာ အိပ္စက္ေနရၿပီး ေစာင္နဲ႔ ျခင္ေထာင္ ေကာင္းေကာင္းမရွိတ့ဲအတြက္ ကုလသမဂၢအေနနဲ႔ သူတို႔ရဲ့ က်န္းမာေရးကို အထူးစိုးရိမ္ေၾကာင္းလည္း ေျပာပါတယ္
ကုလသမဂၢအေနနဲ႔ ဒီဒုကၡသည္ေတြအတြက္ တျခားကူးစက္ေရာဂါေတြ ျဖစ္မွာကို စိုးရိမ္ေနပါတယ္။ ဒီေဒသထဲမွာ မိုးအရမ္းရြာေနတဲ့အျပင္၊ သန္႔ရွင္းမႈမရွိဘဲ ေသာက္ေရသံုးေရ လံုလံုေလာက္ေလာက္ မရတဲ့အတြက္ က်န္းမာေရးဆိုင္ရာ အထူးစိုးရိမ္ရပါတယ္။ အခုအခ်ိန္မွာ အိုးအိမ္ေရႊ႕ေျပာင္း ေန ထိုင္သူေတြ အတြက္ ဒုကၡသည္စခန္းက ၇၀ ေက်ာ္ ရွိေနပါတယ္။ အခု UNHCR က စစ္ေတြမွာ ရွိတဲ့ ဒီဒုကၡသည္ စခန္းေတြဆီသြားၿပီး တတ္ႏိုင္သမွ် အကူညီေတြ ေပးေနတာပါ။
UNHCR အေနနဲ႔ ဘူးသီးေတာင္ေမာင္ေတာေဒသက ဒုကၡသည္ ၄၅၀၀ အတြက္ ေစာင္၊ ျခင္ေထာင္၊ ပလပ္စတစ္အခင္း အမိုးအကာနဲ႔ မီးဖိုေခ်ာင္သံုးပစၥည္းေတြ ေပးေ၀ခဲ့ပါတယ္။ အခု ေနာက္ထပ္ လူေပါင္း ၉ ေထာင္အတြက္ ပစၥည္းေတြ ကို ထရပ္ကားေတြနဲ႔ ပို႔ေပးေနၿပီျဖစ္ၿပီး ပထမဆံုး ထရပ္ကားဟာ တနဂၤေႏြေန႔မွာ ေရာက္ရွိမွာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
အခုလို ကုလသမဂၢက ျပည္တြင္းမွာအကူအညီေတြ ေပးေနသလို တဖက္ အိမ္နီးခ်င္း Bangladesh ႏိုင္ငံဘက္ ထြက္ေျပးခိုလႈံသူေတြ အတြက္လည္း Bangladesh အစိုးရက ျပန္လည္ႏွင္ ထုတ္ေန မႈေတြ ရွိေနေသး တာမို႔ သူတို႔အတြက္ စိုးရိမ္မႈေတြရွိတဲ့အျပင္ သူတို႔ကို တရားသျဖင့္ ဆက္ဆံဖို႔ပါ အစိုးရပိုင္းနဲ႔ ေဆြးေႏြးေန တယ္လို႔ ဆိုပါတယ္။
ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံထဲကေန အဓိကရုန္းေတြရဲ့ ရန္ကိုေၾကာက္လို႔ ထြက္ေျပးခိုလႈံလာသူေတြကို မွ်မွ်တတ တရားသျဖင့္ ဆက္ဆံဖို႔ ကုလသမဂၢက Bangladesh အစိုးရနဲ႔ ေဆြးေႏြးေျပာဆိုေနတာလည္း ရွိပါတယ္။ ကုလသမဂၢအတြင္းေရးမႈးခ်ဳပ္ရံုး ေျပာခြင့္ရက ေျပာသြားတာပါ။ ကုလသမဂၢက လူသားခ်င္းစာနာမႈဆို္င္ရာ အကူညီေပးေရးအဖြဲ႔ OCHA အျပင္ WFP ကုလသမဂၢ စားနပ္ရိကၡာအဖြဲ႔ကလည္း ဒုကၡသည္ ၈ ေသာင္းေက်ာ္အတြက္ စားနပ္ရိကၡာ ကူညီမႈေတြနဲ႔ ကုလသမဂၢလူဦးေရနဲ႔ ကေလးမ်ား ရန္ပံုေငြအဖြဲ႔ေတြက ေဆးဘက္ကူညီမႈေတြကိုပါ ေပးအပ္ခဲ့ပါတယ္။
အခုလို ကုလသမဂၢက အကူအညီေတြေပးေနသလို အစိုးရပိုင္းကေရာ လူမႈကူညီေရးအဖြဲ႔ေတြကပါ ကူညီ မႈေတြေပးေနေပမယ့္ လက္ရွိ အေျခေနမွာ ဒုကၡသည္ေတြအတြက္ အကူအညီေတြ လိုအပ္ေန စဲျဖစ္တယ္လို႔ ေဒသခံေတြကေျပာပါတယ္။
VOA
To: date: June 22, 2012
Dear all Brothers and sisters who concerned in this regards
Date on 19.6.202, some (20) Rakhine hooligans and members, of Sumaashin (reserved secret forces of USDP) in the supervision of Rathedaung Township administrator, secretly entered under the cover of nightfall in Anukprin village where the villagers are completely Rohingyas Muslims residing. All Rakhine hooligans are being well equipped with deadly weapons such as knives, daggers, bare swords, (unsheathed), swords in scabbard, machete like sword with a crescent shape tip, spares, bayonets, and inflammable materials to destroy, kill and fire the villages as seen by the people around the world. These Rakhine hooligans are being reinforced by local police and paramilitary who are purely Rakhine bloods.
Usually, to attack, destroy and burn to ashes Rohingya Muslims’ blocks in the Sittwe city and to fire the villages of Rohingyas along Rakhine state at this current situation, Rakhine manipulators usually hire the Rakhine hooligans from different places. That means to fire Sittwe, the hooligans are from somewhere of Rakhine state, may be from Punnagyun, kyauktaw, Rathedaung or else. In the deliberate burning incident of Sittwe city, the Rakhine hooligans are almost not likely from Sittwe.
Likewise to attack, destroy and burn Rathedaung Township Muslim villages in the past two or three days, the Rakhine hooligans might have been from ‘Punnagyun’ or elsewhere but not exactly from Rathedaung Township. The helpless villagers from Anukprin village, Rathedaung township were being alert at those nights as they got prior information of Rakhine hooligans’ invasion to the villages at the night fall, the alerted villagers have already designed to defend only some kinds of traps such as booby traps, snares and holes in the grounds to could seize the hooligans who were unaware of the Muslims villages’ geographical situation. Some unnamed (6) hooligans were already trapped and died in the snares as pre-planned by the Muslims. Having known about the incident in the field, the rest Rakhine hooligans have retreated back to Rathedaung Township and they might have reported these experiences to the Rathedaung Township administrator. Then, under the direction of the administrator, multi-organs from Rathedaung Township have set out to the concerned villages and randomly arresting and harassing the people sorted seven year old boy to 70 years elderly Rohingyas male. According to local people who have managed to run away from the killing, at least (30) Rohingya people from Anukprin village have already been tortured to dead. Due to unfortunate trapping and dead body of the Rakhine hooligans, the free hand authorities from Rathedaung township has got a free selection to arrest, torture and taking away Rohingya innocent to unknown place and at last the rest family feel they might have been killed without any hint under the absent of clues, or strong evidence to prove later on at local and international.
Until now, as per the local, thirty people from Anunkprin village were being tortured to dead including some pregnant women, and from Nyaunpingyi village there are 53 male and female have already been tortured to dead. Some (21) arrested and taken away to unknown destination people’ names from Anaukprin village are as below mentioned.
1) U Yusoop (f) KasimAli, former village chairman
2) U AbduRahman@Maung Maung Win (f) Yusoop, current village chairman
3) U Ba Tin (f) Mohamed Alam, former Secretary, 70 years old
4) U Ali Akbar (f) Kalu, 60 years
5) Huson chay(f) Sayed, currently village council member
6) U Zayid Hussan (f) Dil Mohamed, 30 years
7) U Mamet Ali@ Maung Maung Khin(f) Dil Mohamed, 18 years
8) U Laydaryar (f)Mohammed
9) Mrs. Banu (f) Zawbaur
For the rest 12 more people, we don’t still have available information.
Regarding the above multi human prepared atrocities and deliberate attack by Rakhine hooligans on innocent and vulnerable Rohingyas, there have been untold miserable tragedies against Rohingyas helpless people since more than two weeks now without any strong voice and action either from the local government or international community body to stop crime against humanity and the massacre.
Due to some sort of slight demand to stop the rampage and to restore enforcement of law and order in Rakhine state from both international governments and local government, the Thein Sein government had done some arrangement to be lessening the Rakhine organized hooligans’ mass atrocities against Rohingyas along the Rakhine state which have been beautifully run day in day out by Rakhine holigans. Despite the order issued no. 144 by president, the restoration of law has not been effective to stop the hooligan’s violence on Rohingyas completely. Rather, since then, there have been more Rohingya houses were being burned down to ashes by Rakhine in ignorance of law and order issued by President. The curfew is not for Rakhine people, but for Rohingyas. The curfew has not been protecting The Rohingyas but sheltering the hooligans. Taking cover of the curfew, the police, paramilitary let the Rohingya houses burned down during nights. Rohingya have been sleepless watching the perilous and series of attacks by the hooligans. Rakhine do not abide the order, there is no action against them because all officials concerned are Rakhine national people. But Rohingyas are under 24 hours curfew order, meaning not only night, but also the whole day, Rohingyas aren’t being secured to go out for searching for food, opening shops, doing daily works, not only within a single township but also entire Rakhine state where there are Rohingyas. Our overall social conditions are very frustrated, deteriorated, humiliated, dehumanized and hopeless while, in one hand, the government of Myanmar does not taking loyally our security and livelihood issues and, on the other hand, the helpless Rohingyas depending and expecting heavily on international communities are only still busy with negotiation without taking any pressing effective action step as we are on the verge of extermination by the Rakhine hooligans in this critical condition.
Our Rohingyas community in Rakhine state is in the mouth of death ghost (Rakhine chauvinistic and organized hooligans) and we earnestly request international community to save us in time from the unsafe plan of both government of Myanmar and Rakhine people’ master plan to annihilate us from our ancestral land.
On behalf of entire Rohingyas community, the urgent and a very effective combined international community’s efforts as the most urgent matter to save our lives from this jeopardy is highly appreciated. Please, help us in time.
Mohamed Mufiz, a son of victim from Rakhine state
Please the attached photos, from Sittwe.
Daniel Shane
လြန္ခဲ့တဲ့ရက္ပိုင္းအတြင္းျဖစ္ပ်က္ေနခဲ့တာေတြထဲက အေၾကာင္းတစ္ခုကေတာ့ ေတာ္ေတာ္ေလး မသင့္ျမတ္ဘူး ထင္လို႔ ဒီစာေရးတယ္ေပါ့ဗ်ာ။
ဂ်ာနယ္လစ္နဲ႔ က်င့္၀တ္(၃)ဆိုၿပီးေတာ့ ျပီးခဲ့တဲ့တပတ္က weekly eleven စာ ၂၆ မွာပါလာပါတယ္။ “ေကာင္းျခင္းနဲ႔ဆိုးျခငး္ၾကားမွာ ၊ အမွန္နဲ႔အမွားၾကားမွာ၊ ဖိႏွိပ္သူနဲ႔ အဖိႏွိပ္ခံၾကားမွာ ဂ်ာနယ္လစ္ဇင္ဟာ ၾကားေနမွာ မဟုတ္ဘူး။ ၾကားေနမွဳက အမွန္တရားေလာက္အေရးမပါဘူးဆိုတာကို ထင္သာျမင္သာေအာင္ ထုတ္ႏုတ္ျပထားပါတယ္။” တဲ့ဗ်ာ။ အဲ-ရည္ညြွန္းမွာေတာ့ Ethnics for Journalists (2nd Edition) by Richard Keeble ကို ေပးထားပါတယ္။
Out of Contextလိုသေလာက္ျဖတ္ယူၿပီးကုိယ့္သေဘာနဲ႔ထပ္တူျဖစ္ေအာင္လုပ္ယူေဖာ္ျပထားတာမ်ိဳးေတြပါ။ ခုေဆာင္းပါးမွာေတာ့ အဲဒီကိစၥအက်ယ္မေျပာေတာ့ပါဘူး။ လိုရင္းကိုပဲ သြားၾကတာေပါ့ဗ်ာ။ အဲ- ၾကားေနမွဳက အမွန္တရားေလာက္အေရးမပါဆိုတာေလးေတာ့ မွတ္ထားေပးပါလို႔ ေမတၱာရပ္ပါရေစ။
လိုရင္းကေတာ့ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ရဲ႕ ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာေတြ ႏိုင္ငံသားျပဳခြင့္ရွိမရွိနဲ႔စပ္လ်ဥ္းၿပီး ေျဖၾကားခ်က္ကို ကြ်န္ေတာ္တို႔ႏိုင္ငံရဲ႕ မီဒီယာၾကီးက စာဖတ္ပရိသတ္ကို ျဖစ္သလို သေဘာထား၊ လုိသလို ၀ိေသသျပဳၿပီး အလိုက်အသံုးေတာ္ခံခိုင္းခဲ့ပံုပါ။
ဒီေနရာမွာ လံုး၀ကို ရွင္းရွင္းလင္းလင္းသိထားေစလိုတာက ကြ်န္ေတာ္တို႔ အေနနဲ႔ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာကို ကိုယ္စားမျပဳ သလို ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာအေရး ေဆာင္ရြက္ေနတာလည္းမဟုတ္ဆိုတာပါ။
ဒါက ေအာ္စလိုမွာ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ေျဖသြားတဲ့ ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာႏိုင္ငံသားျပဳခြင့္ ရွိနိုင္မရွိႏိုင္နဲ႔ ပတ္သတ္တဲ့အေျဖ ဗီြဒီယိုဖိုင္ပါ။
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္အေျဖကို ၁၆း၁၀ ေလာက္ကေန စၾကည့္ႏိုင္ပါတယ္။
ေမးခြန္းေမးတဲ့ပုဂၢိဳလ္က ဒီရိုဟင္ဂ်ာျပႆနာရဲ႕ အရင္းအျမစ္န႔ဲဆက္စပ္ၿပီး ေမးခြန္းထုတ္ပါတယ္။
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္အေနနဲ႔ အတိုက္အခံေခါင္းေဆာင္လည္း ျဖစ္တာေၾကာင့္ စားထိုးအေျဖအသစ္တစ္ခု ရဖုိ႔ ေမးတာပါလို႔ လည္း ေျပာသြားပါတယ္။
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ရဲ႕အေျဖက -
I spoke for rule of law. And rule of law covers rules of citizenship as well. This is what I mean by saying the root of the problem is lack of rule of law. We are not certain exactly what the requirements of citizenship laws are. I will mention one particular case of one of our candidates for the last by-election who was disqualified because in accordance with the election regulations, all candidates have to be born of nationals, both parents must be nationals. This candidate of ours, his parents, both of them are Burmese nationals when he was born. But later, his father took another nationality. And on those grounds, he was disqualified as a candidate. ….. Even with regard to citizenship we are not clear what the laws really are. Rule of law, if you have very clear as to who are the citizens of the country under the citizenship laws and who qualified, then there would not be this problem which is always coming up there is an accusation, some people do not belong in Bangladesh and some people do not belong in Burma. Bangladesh says that they are not ours and Burma says that they are not ours and these poor people get shuffled around. So we have to have rule of law, we have to know what the law is. We have to make sure that it is properly implemented.
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က ကနဦးမွာ တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရးက အဓိက အရင္းအျမစ္ပဲဆိုတာကို ထိမိရိုးရွင္းစြာ ေျဖၾကားခဲ့တာပါ။ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ရဲ႕ အေျဖကို ျမန္မာမွဳျပဳရရင္ -
“က်မ တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရးအေၾကာင္း ေျပာခဲ့တယ္။ ဒီတရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရးထဲမွာပဲ ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ခြင့္ဥပေဒကလညး္ အက်ံဳး၀င္ေနပါတယ္။ ဒါေၾကာင့္ ဒီျပႆနာရဲ႕ အရင္းအျမစ္က တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးမွဳမရွိျခင္းေၾကာင့္ျဖစ္တယ္လို႔ က်မဆိုလိုတာပါ။ ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ခြင့္ရွိျခင္းဥပေဒမွာ ဘာေတြလိုအပ္ေနသလဲဆိုတာ က်မတို႔ တိက်ေသခ်ာျခင္း မရွိေသးဘူး။ (တနည္း – ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ႏိုင္ဖို႔ ဥပေဒထဲမွာ ဘာေတြလိုအပ္သလဲဆိုတာ ဂဃနဏျပဌာန္းထားျခင္းမရွိေသးဘူး။) ”…. အဲဒီေနာက္ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က ၿပီးခဲ့တဲ့ ၾကားျဖတ္ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲမွာ အန္အလ္ဒီကိုယ္စားလွယ္တစ္ေယာက္ အပယ္ခံခဲ့ရတာကို ဥပမာေပးေျပာသြားခဲ့ပါတယ္။ အဲဒီကိုယ္စားလွယ္က ေမြးတုန္းကေတာ့ အေဖေရာ အေမေရာ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသားေတြျဖစ္ေနခဲ့ပါတယ္။ အဲ- ေနာက္ပိုင္းမွာေတာ့ ဖခင္ျဖစ္သူက တျခားနိုင္ငံသားခံယူသြားတယ္ဆိုၿပီး သူ႔ကို ပယ္ခဲ့တာပါ။ ပါတီကိုယ္စားလွယ္ျဖစ္ခြင့္ ဥပေဒမွာက် ဖခင္ေရာ မိခင္ပါ ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ရမယ္လို႔ ႔ျပဌာန္းထားပါတယ္။ …………
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ ဆက္လက္ေျဖၾကားတာက “ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ခြင့္ရွိျခင္းကိစၥမွာေတာင္ က်မတို႔ဟာ ဥပေဒဘယ္လုိရွိလဲဆိုတာ မရွင္းလင္းေသးပါဘူး။တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရးမွာ ခင္ဗ်ားအေနနဲ႔ ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ခြင့္ရွိေရးဥပေဒေအာက္မွာ ဘယ္သူေတြကေတာ့ျဖင့္ ႏိုင္ငံသားေတြ၊ ဘယ္သူေတြကေတာ့ျဖင့္ နိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ဖို႔ အရည္အခ်င္းမီသူေတြဆိုတာ အလြန္ရွင္းရွင္းလင္းလင္း ျဖစ္ေနရပါမယ္။ ဒါမွသာ ဒီလိုျပႆနာမ်ိဳးေတြ ရွိမလာမွာပါ။ (ျပႆနာဆိုတာမွာ) ဒီစြပ္စြဲမွဳက အျမဲတမ္းဘယ္လို တက္လာသလဲဆိုေတာ့ တခ်ိဳ႔ကိုေတာ့ျဖင့္ ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ဘက္က ပိုင္တာမဟုတ္ဘူး၊ တခ်ိဳ႕ကိုေတာ့ျဖင့္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံက ပိုင္တာမဟုတ္ဘူး (တနည္း တခ်ိဳ႕ကေတာ့ျဖင့္ ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ႏိုင္ငံသားမဟုတ္ဘူး၊ တခ်ိဳ႕ကေတာ့ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသားမဟုတ္ဘူး) ဆိုၿပီးေတာ့ပါ။ ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ကလည္း ဒီလူေတြက ကြ်န္ေတာ္တို႔ ႏိုင္ငံသားမဟုတ္ဘူး၊ ျမန္မာဘက္ကလည္း ဒီလူေတြက ကြ်န္ေတာ္တို႔ႏိုင္ငံသားမဟုတ္ဘူး ဆိုၿပီးေျပာေနၾကေတာ့ ဒီသနားစရာေကာင္းတဲ့လူစုက ဟိုဘက္ေျပးလိုက္ ဒီဘက္ေျပးလိုက္ျဖစ္ေနရပါတယ္။ ဒါေၾကာင့္ က်မတို႔က တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရးရွိရမယ္၊ တရားဥပေဒဆိုတာ ဘာလဲဆိုၿပီးသိရမယ္။ ဒီဥပေဒကို စနစ္က်စြာ အေကာင္အထည္ေဖာ္ျဖစ္ေအာင္ အေသအခ်ာေဆာင္ရြက္ရမယ္။”
အထက္ပါအတိုင္း ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က ေျဖၾကားတဲ့အခါ ေမးခြန္းေမးသူ အေမရိကန္ ရုပ္သံဌာနတစ္ခုရဲ႕ ရီပိုတာျဖစ္သူက ဆက္ၿပီး အထြန္႔တက္ပါတယ္။
သူအထြန္႔တက္ပံုက -
What should it be with regarding to the citizenship? Are they or they are not?
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ ပထမဆံုး ေျပာခဲ့တဲ့အေျဖက -
I do not know.
ဒီေနရာမွာ ကြ်န္ေတာ္တို႔ စာဖတ္သူကို လံုး၀ရွင္းရွင္းလင္းလင္းျဖစ္သြားေစဖို႔ အေမးအေျဖကို ဒုတိယမၸိ ေဖာ္ျပေပးပါ့မယ္။
အေမး – What should it be with regard to the citizenship? Are they or they are not?
သူတို႔က ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္သင့္ မျဖစ္သင့္နဲ႔ စပ္လ်ဥး္ၿပီး ဘယ္လိုမ်ိဳးပါသလဲ။ သူတို႔က (ႏိုင္ငံသား)လား (ႏိုင္ငံသား)မဟုတ္ဘူးလား။
အေျဖ – I do not know.
က်မမသိဘူး။
ဆက္လက္ၿပီး ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ေျဖၾကားတာက -
I do not know because when you talk about the Rohingya, we are not quite sure who you are talking about. As I said there is a problem about who we are referring to. There is someone who says that those people who claim to be Rohingyas are not the ones who are actually native to Burma. But who are just come over recently from Bangladesh. But, on the other hand, Bangladesh says No. They don’t want them as refugees because they are not native to Bangladesh and they come over from Burma. So how do we sort this out without “RULE OF LAW”, without proper Immigration Processes, without proper policy, without properly implementation of laws. This is why I said the root of all is “The RULE OF LAW” going back to many decades, not going back just to the crime that is just committed a couple of months ago.
ျမန္မာျပန္ – က်မ မသိပါဘူး၊ ဘာေၾကာင့္လဲဆိုေတာ့ ခင္ဗ်ားအေနနဲ႔ ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာအေၾကာင္းေျပာတဲ့အခါ က်မတို႔ ဘယ္သူေတြအေၾကာင္း ခင္ဗ်ားေျပာေနသလဲဆိုတာ ေတာ္ေတာ္ကေလး မေသမခ်ာျဖစ္ေနပါတယ္။ က်မေျပာခဲ့သလိုပါပဲ၊ က်မတို႔ ဘယ္သူေတြကို ရည္ညြွန္းေနသလဲဆိုတဲ့ေနရာမွာ ျပႆနာရွိေနပါတယ္။ တခ်ိဳ႕က ရုိဟင္ဂ်ာလို႔ကိုယ့္ကိုကိုယ္ေျပာေနၾကသူေတြဟာေတာ့ျဖင့္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသားေတြမဟုတ္လို႔ ဆိုၾကတယ္၊ သူတို႕က ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ဘက္ကေန မၾကာေသးမီကမွ ေရာက္လာၾကသူေတြလို႔ ဆိုၾကတယ္။ ဒါေပမယ့္ ေနာက္တဘက္မွာေတာ့ ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ကလည္း မဟုတ္ဘူး၊ သူတို႔ကို ဒုကၡသည္အေနနဲ႔ (က်ေနာ္တို႔) လက္မခံႏိုင္ဘူး၊ ဘာေၾကာင့္လဲဆိုေတာ့ သူတို႔ (ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာ)ေတြက ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ႏိုင္ငံသားေတြမဟုတ္ဘူး၊ သူတို႔က ျမန္မာဘက္က လာၾကသူေတြလို႔ ဆိုတယ္။ ဒီေတာ့ တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးျခငး္မရွိဘဲ ၊ လူ၀င္မွဳၾကီးၾကပ္ေရးကိစၥေတြ စနစ္တက်ေဆာင္ရြက္ျခင္းမရွိဘဲ၊ စနစ္က်တဲ့ ေပၚလစီမရွိဘဲ၊ ဥပေဒကို စနစ္တက်အေကာင္အထည္ေဖာ္ျခင္းမရွိဘဲ ဒီကိစၥကို ဘယ္လို ရွင္းထုတ္မလဲ။ ဒါေၾကာင့္ က်မက ဒီကိစၥအားလံုးရဲ႕ အရင္းအျမစ္က တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရးလို႔ ေျပာခဲ့တာပါ။ ဒါကလည္း ဆယ္စုႏွစ္မ်ားစြာကတည္းက (ျဖစ္ေနခဲ့တာပါ။) လြန္ခဲ့တဲ့ နွစ္လေလာက္က ရာဇ၀တ္မွဳက်ဴးလြန္တဲ့ (ျပႆနာ) ကေန စလာခဲ့တာမဟုတ္ဘူး။
ကဲအခု ပထမအေျဖနဲ႔ တဆက္တည္းလာတဲ့ ဒုတိယအေျဖ။ ပထမအေျဖကို သေဘာမက်တဲ့ ေမးခြန္းထုတ္သူက ဆက္ေမးတဲ့အခါ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ေျဖတဲ့ ဒုတိယအေျဖကို Out of context လုပ္ၿပီး သေဘာက်ဘာသာျပန္မယ္ဆိုရင္ေတာ့ အလြဲၾကီးလြဲပါၿပီ။
အလဲဗင္းဂရုျမန္မာျပန္တာက ဒုတိယအေျဖတစ္ခုတည္းကို ကြက္ၿပီးျပန္ထားတာပါ။ ျပန္ထားေတာ့လည္းဗ်ာ။ ဒီိလိုျဖစ္ေနပါတယ္။
“ရႇင္ေျပာတဲ့႐ုိဟင္ဂ်ာဆုိတာ က်မ မသိဘူး။ ဘယ္သူ ဘယ္၀ါဆုိတာကုိ ရႇင္ေျပာသလဲဆုိတာ က်မတုိ႔ ေသေသခ်ာခ်ာ မသိဘူး။ က်မေျပာခဲ့သလုိပဲ ဘယ္သူ႔ကို ရည္ညႊန္းေျပာဆုိသလဲဆုိတဲ့ ျပႆနာ ရႇိေနတယ္။ ႐ုိဟင္ဂ်ာဆိုတာဟာ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံက မဟုတ္ဘူး။ သူတို႔ဟာ ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရႇ္ႏိုင္ငံကေန မၾကာေသးခင္ကမႇ ေရာက္လာသူေတြလို႔ တခ်ဳိ႕က ေျပာဆိုၾကတယ္။”
“who you are talking about” ဆိုတာနဲ႔ “we don’t know who they are” ဆိုတာ လံုး၀ကြဲျပားျခားနားတဲ့အဓိပၸါယ္ပါ။
အလဲဗင္းမီဒီယာဂရုခင္ဗ်ား။ ခင္ဗ်ားတို႔ဘာသာျပန္လိုက္တဲ့ စကားလံုးမ်ားရဲ႕ မူရင္းက ဒီလုိပါ။
Ido not know because when you talk about the Rohingya, we are not quite sure who you are talking about. As I said there is a problem about who we are referring to. There is someone who says that those people who claim to be Rohingyas are not the ones who are actually native to Burma.But who are just come over recently from Bangladesh.
အဓိပၸါယ္က ရွင္းရွင္းလင္းလင္းၾကီးပါပဲ။ “ပထမ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးဖို႔လိုတယ္၊ ဘာေၾကာင့္လဲဆိုရင္ ဥပေဒကသာ ဘယ္သူကေတာ့ျဖင့္ႏိုင္ငံသား၊ ဘယ္သူကေတာ့ျဖင့္ နို္င္ငံသားျဖစ္ဖို႔ အရည္အခ်င္းမီတယ္စသျဖင့္ဆံုးျဖတ္နိုင္မယ္။ အဲသလိုေျဖတယ္၊ ဒါကို ေမးခြန္းေမးသူက ရုိဟင္ဂ်ာက ႏိုင္ငံသားဟုတ္လားမဟုတ္လားထပ္ေမးတယ္။ ဒီအခါ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က က်မမသိဘူး၊ ခင္ဗ်ားေျပာတဲ့ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာကို ဘယ္ဥပေဒနဲ႔ ဆံုးျဖတ္ၿပီးႏိုင္ငံသားဟုတ္တယ္၊ မဟုတ္ဘူး အဆံုးအျဖတ္ေပးႏိုင္မလဲ၊ သူမွန္တယ္၊ ငါမွန္တယ္ဆိုၿပီး တဖက္တမ်ိဳးစီ ေျပာေနၾကတာပဲ၊ ဒါေၾကာင့္က်မက အဆံုးအျဖတ္ေပးမယ့္ ဥပေဒရွိဖို႔၊ စိုးမိုးဖို႔၊ လူ၀င္မွဳၾကီးၾကပ္ေရးက႑ေတြ စနစ္က်ဖို႔က အဓိကပါလို႔ ေျပာခဲ့တာေပါ့” လုိ႔ ေျဖၾကားပါတယ္။
ဒီလိုရွငး္ရွင္းၾကီးျဖစ္ေနတဲ့ အဓိပၸါယ္ကို ယုန္ထင္ေၾကာင္ထင္ျဖစ္ေအာင္ လွည့္စားတဲ့ မီဒီယာၾကီးခင္ဗ်ား။ အမွန္တရားဆိုတာ ၾကားမေနလဲရပါတယ္လို႔ ေျပာခဲ့တဲ့မီဒီယာၾကီးခင္ဗ်ား။ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ခ်ျပခဲ့တဲ့ တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရးနဲ႔ လက္ရွိတရားဥပေဒကိစၥေတြကို မီဒီယာၾကီးအေနနဲ႔ စာဖတ္ပရိသတ္ကို ခ်ျပေပးခ့ဲဖူးပါသလား။ ဘယ္နွစ္ၾကိမ္ေလာက္ ခ်ျပေပးဖူးပါသလဲ။
အလဲဗင္းမီဒီယာက ဒီလင့္ခ္ ကို တင္အၿပီး မိနစ္အနည္းငယ္အၾကာမွာပဲ ဒီလို ျဖဳတ္ခ်ျပစ္ခဲ့ ပါတယ္။
ဒါနဲ႔ မခံမရပ္ႏိုင္တဲ့ အမွန္တရားလိုလားသူအခ်ိဳ႕က ဇေ၀ဇ၀ါျဖစ္ၿပီး က်ေနာ့္ဆီ ဆက္သြယ္လာပါတယ္။ သူတို႕ထဲက တစ္ေယာက္က အလဲဗင္းကို ေဖ့စ္ဘြတ္ခ္ေပၚမွာ မက္ေဆ့ခ်္ပို႔ၿပီး ဘာလို႔ အထက္ပါလင့္ခ္ကို ဖ်က္ခ်ရသလဲဆိုတာ ေမးျမန္းခဲ့ပါတယ္တဲ့။ (ပံုမွ Article #14161 not found ဆိုသည့္စာသားအား သတိျပဳၾကပါ)
အဲ မိနစ္အနည္းငယ္ၾကာေလေတာ့ အထက္ပါလင့္က ျပန္ၿပီး အလုပ္လုပ္လာပါတယ္။ အခုလက္ရွိလည္း အဲဒိလင့္ခ္က အလုပ္လုပ္တုန္းပါ။
Link address ကေတာ့
ဒီေတာ့ဗ်ား။ ကြ်န္ေတာ္ေလ့လာဖူးတဲ့ The most successful propaganda technique ဆိုတာေလး ၾကံဳၾကိဳက္တုန္း တင္ျပပါရေစ။ မူရင္းကေတာ့ ဒီမွာပါ။
နံပါတ္ ၃ မွာ ေျပာထားတာက
# 3. Misinformation: This is a subtle technique, it involves reporting information in such a way that the final message of the story is not true, it’s what the propagandist wants you to believe.
သက္ျပင္းရွည္ၾကီးပဲ ခ်မိပါတယ္ဗ်ား။(အဂၤလိပ္လိုပဲ နားလည္ေတာ္မူၾကပါကုန္) ဒီေတာ့ဗ်ား ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ရဲ႕ အေျဖက ျမန္မာ့လက္ရွိ ဥပေဒသည္ နိုင္ငံတကာစံခ်ိန္ေတြနဲ႔ မကိုက္ညီဘဲ ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ခြင့္၊ မည္သူသည္ႏိုင္ငံသား၊ မည္သူသည္ႏိုင္ငံသားမဟုတ္ဆိုတာေတာင္ မခြဲျခားေပးႏိုင္တဲ့ဥပေဒျဖစ္ေနတယ္ဆိုတာကိုသာ conclude လုပ္ ယူႏိုင္ပါတယ္။ အလဲဗင္းၾကီးေျပာသလို “ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာသည္ ႏိုင္ငံသားမဟုတ္” ဆိုၿပီး ဒဲ့ေျပာလုိက္သလိုလို ဘာလိုလိုညာလိုလို conclude လုပ္လို႔လုံး၀မရပါ။
ဒါကို ျမန္မာစာဖတ္ပရိသတ္ (အဂၤလိပ္နားမလည္ၾကတဲ့) က သေဘာမေပါက္ႏိုင္ပဲ အလဲဗင္းေပ့ခ်္မွာ ဟာ.. အေမစုက ေျပာလိုက္ပီေဟ့ စသျဖင့္ ကြန္မန္႔ေတြေရးၾကတာ အဓိက misinform လုပ္ထားတဲ့ အလဲဗင္းမွာ တာ၀န္ရွိပါတယ္။
လြန္ခဲ့တဲ့ရက္ပိုင္းအတြင္းျဖစ္ပ်က္ေနခဲ့တာေတြထဲက အေၾကာင္းတစ္ခုကေတာ့ ေတာ္ေတာ္ေလး မသင့္ျမတ္ဘူး ထင္လို႔ ဒီစာေရးတယ္ေပါ့ဗ်ာ။
ဂ်ာနယ္လစ္နဲ႔ က်င့္၀တ္(၃)ဆိုၿပီးေတာ့ ျပီးခဲ့တဲ့တပတ္က weekly eleven စာ ၂၆ မွာပါလာပါတယ္။ “ေကာင္းျခင္းနဲ႔ဆိုးျခငး္ၾကားမွာ ၊ အမွန္နဲ႔အမွားၾကားမွာ၊ ဖိႏွိပ္သူနဲ႔ အဖိႏွိပ္ခံၾကားမွာ ဂ်ာနယ္လစ္ဇင္ဟာ ၾကားေနမွာ မဟုတ္ဘူး။ ၾကားေနမွဳက အမွန္တရားေလာက္အေရးမပါဘူးဆိုတာကို ထင္သာျမင္သာေအာင္ ထုတ္ႏုတ္ျပထားပါတယ္။” တဲ့ဗ်ာ။ အဲ-ရည္ညြွန္းမွာေတာ့ Ethnics for Journalists (2nd Edition) by Richard Keeble ကို ေပးထားပါတယ္။
Out of Contextလိုသေလာက္ျဖတ္ယူၿပီးကုိယ့္သေဘာနဲ႔ထပ္တူျဖစ္ေအာင္လုပ္ယူေဖာ္ျပထားတာမ်ိဳးေတြပါ။ ခုေဆာင္းပါးမွာေတာ့ အဲဒီကိစၥအက်ယ္မေျပာေတာ့ပါဘူး။ လိုရင္းကိုပဲ သြားၾကတာေပါ့ဗ်ာ။ အဲ- ၾကားေနမွဳက အမွန္တရားေလာက္အေရးမပါဆိုတာေလးေတာ့ မွတ္ထားေပးပါလို႔ ေမတၱာရပ္ပါရေစ။
လိုရင္းကေတာ့ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ရဲ႕ ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာေတြ ႏိုင္ငံသားျပဳခြင့္ရွိမရွိနဲ႔စပ္လ်ဥ္းၿပီး ေျဖၾကားခ်က္ကို ကြ်န္ေတာ္တို႔ႏိုင္ငံရဲ႕ မီဒီယာၾကီးက စာဖတ္ပရိသတ္ကို ျဖစ္သလို သေဘာထား၊ လုိသလို ၀ိေသသျပဳၿပီး အလိုက်အသံုးေတာ္ခံခိုင္းခဲ့ပံုပါ။
ဒီေနရာမွာ လံုး၀ကို ရွင္းရွင္းလင္းလင္းသိထားေစလိုတာက ကြ်န္ေတာ္တို႔ အေနနဲ႔ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာကို ကိုယ္စားမျပဳ သလို ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာအေရး ေဆာင္ရြက္ေနတာလည္းမဟုတ္ဆိုတာပါ။
ဒါက ေအာ္စလိုမွာ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ေျဖသြားတဲ့ ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာႏိုင္ငံသားျပဳခြင့္ ရွိနိုင္မရွိႏိုင္နဲ႔ ပတ္သတ္တဲ့အေျဖ ဗီြဒီယိုဖိုင္ပါ။
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္အေျဖကို ၁၆း၁၀ ေလာက္ကေန စၾကည့္ႏိုင္ပါတယ္။
ေမးခြန္းေမးတဲ့ပုဂၢိဳလ္က ဒီရိုဟင္ဂ်ာျပႆနာရဲ႕ အရင္းအျမစ္န႔ဲဆက္စပ္ၿပီး ေမးခြန္းထုတ္ပါတယ္။
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္အေနနဲ႔ အတိုက္အခံေခါင္းေဆာင္လည္း ျဖစ္တာေၾကာင့္ စားထိုးအေျဖအသစ္တစ္ခု ရဖုိ႔ ေမးတာပါလို႔ လည္း ေျပာသြားပါတယ္။
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ရဲ႕အေျဖက -
I spoke for rule of law. And rule of law covers rules of citizenship as well. This is what I mean by saying the root of the problem is lack of rule of law. We are not certain exactly what the requirements of citizenship laws are. I will mention one particular case of one of our candidates for the last by-election who was disqualified because in accordance with the election regulations, all candidates have to be born of nationals, both parents must be nationals. This candidate of ours, his parents, both of them are Burmese nationals when he was born. But later, his father took another nationality. And on those grounds, he was disqualified as a candidate. ….. Even with regard to citizenship we are not clear what the laws really are. Rule of law, if you have very clear as to who are the citizens of the country under the citizenship laws and who qualified, then there would not be this problem which is always coming up there is an accusation, some people do not belong in Bangladesh and some people do not belong in Burma. Bangladesh says that they are not ours and Burma says that they are not ours and these poor people get shuffled around. So we have to have rule of law, we have to know what the law is. We have to make sure that it is properly implemented.
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က ကနဦးမွာ တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရးက အဓိက အရင္းအျမစ္ပဲဆိုတာကို ထိမိရိုးရွင္းစြာ ေျဖၾကားခဲ့တာပါ။ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ရဲ႕ အေျဖကို ျမန္မာမွဳျပဳရရင္ -
“က်မ တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရးအေၾကာင္း ေျပာခဲ့တယ္။ ဒီတရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရးထဲမွာပဲ ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ခြင့္ဥပေဒကလညး္ အက်ံဳး၀င္ေနပါတယ္။ ဒါေၾကာင့္ ဒီျပႆနာရဲ႕ အရင္းအျမစ္က တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးမွဳမရွိျခင္းေၾကာင့္ျဖစ္တယ္လို႔ က်မဆိုလိုတာပါ။ ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ခြင့္ရွိျခင္းဥပေဒမွာ ဘာေတြလိုအပ္ေနသလဲဆိုတာ က်မတို႔ တိက်ေသခ်ာျခင္း မရွိေသးဘူး။ (တနည္း – ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ႏိုင္ဖို႔ ဥပေဒထဲမွာ ဘာေတြလိုအပ္သလဲဆိုတာ ဂဃနဏျပဌာန္းထားျခင္းမရွိေသးဘူး။) ”…. အဲဒီေနာက္ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က ၿပီးခဲ့တဲ့ ၾကားျဖတ္ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲမွာ အန္အလ္ဒီကိုယ္စားလွယ္တစ္ေယာက္ အပယ္ခံခဲ့ရတာကို ဥပမာေပးေျပာသြားခဲ့ပါတယ္။ အဲဒီကိုယ္စားလွယ္က ေမြးတုန္းကေတာ့ အေဖေရာ အေမေရာ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသားေတြျဖစ္ေနခဲ့ပါတယ္။ အဲ- ေနာက္ပိုင္းမွာေတာ့ ဖခင္ျဖစ္သူက တျခားနိုင္ငံသားခံယူသြားတယ္ဆိုၿပီး သူ႔ကို ပယ္ခဲ့တာပါ။ ပါတီကိုယ္စားလွယ္ျဖစ္ခြင့္ ဥပေဒမွာက် ဖခင္ေရာ မိခင္ပါ ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ရမယ္လို႔ ႔ျပဌာန္းထားပါတယ္။ …………
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ ဆက္လက္ေျဖၾကားတာက “ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ခြင့္ရွိျခင္းကိစၥမွာေတာင္ က်မတို႔ဟာ ဥပေဒဘယ္လုိရွိလဲဆိုတာ မရွင္းလင္းေသးပါဘူး။တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရးမွာ ခင္ဗ်ားအေနနဲ႔ ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ခြင့္ရွိေရးဥပေဒေအာက္မွာ ဘယ္သူေတြကေတာ့ျဖင့္ ႏိုင္ငံသားေတြ၊ ဘယ္သူေတြကေတာ့ျဖင့္ နိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ဖို႔ အရည္အခ်င္းမီသူေတြဆိုတာ အလြန္ရွင္းရွင္းလင္းလင္း ျဖစ္ေနရပါမယ္။ ဒါမွသာ ဒီလိုျပႆနာမ်ိဳးေတြ ရွိမလာမွာပါ။ (ျပႆနာဆိုတာမွာ) ဒီစြပ္စြဲမွဳက အျမဲတမ္းဘယ္လို တက္လာသလဲဆိုေတာ့ တခ်ိဳ႔ကိုေတာ့ျဖင့္ ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ဘက္က ပိုင္တာမဟုတ္ဘူး၊ တခ်ိဳ႕ကိုေတာ့ျဖင့္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံက ပိုင္တာမဟုတ္ဘူး (တနည္း တခ်ိဳ႕ကေတာ့ျဖင့္ ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ႏိုင္ငံသားမဟုတ္ဘူး၊ တခ်ိဳ႕ကေတာ့ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသားမဟုတ္ဘူး) ဆိုၿပီးေတာ့ပါ။ ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ကလည္း ဒီလူေတြက ကြ်န္ေတာ္တို႔ ႏိုင္ငံသားမဟုတ္ဘူး၊ ျမန္မာဘက္ကလည္း ဒီလူေတြက ကြ်န္ေတာ္တို႔ႏိုင္ငံသားမဟုတ္ဘူး ဆိုၿပီးေျပာေနၾကေတာ့ ဒီသနားစရာေကာင္းတဲ့လူစုက ဟိုဘက္ေျပးလိုက္ ဒီဘက္ေျပးလိုက္ျဖစ္ေနရပါတယ္။ ဒါေၾကာင့္ က်မတို႔က တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရးရွိရမယ္၊ တရားဥပေဒဆိုတာ ဘာလဲဆိုၿပီးသိရမယ္။ ဒီဥပေဒကို စနစ္က်စြာ အေကာင္အထည္ေဖာ္ျဖစ္ေအာင္ အေသအခ်ာေဆာင္ရြက္ရမယ္။”
အထက္ပါအတိုင္း ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က ေျဖၾကားတဲ့အခါ ေမးခြန္းေမးသူ အေမရိကန္ ရုပ္သံဌာနတစ္ခုရဲ႕ ရီပိုတာျဖစ္သူက ဆက္ၿပီး အထြန္႔တက္ပါတယ္။
သူအထြန္႔တက္ပံုက -
What should it be with regarding to the citizenship? Are they or they are not?
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ ပထမဆံုး ေျပာခဲ့တဲ့အေျဖက -
I do not know.
ဒီေနရာမွာ ကြ်န္ေတာ္တို႔ စာဖတ္သူကို လံုး၀ရွင္းရွင္းလင္းလင္းျဖစ္သြားေစဖို႔ အေမးအေျဖကို ဒုတိယမၸိ ေဖာ္ျပေပးပါ့မယ္။
အေမး – What should it be with regard to the citizenship? Are they or they are not?
သူတို႔က ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္သင့္ မျဖစ္သင့္နဲ႔ စပ္လ်ဥး္ၿပီး ဘယ္လိုမ်ိဳးပါသလဲ။ သူတို႔က (ႏိုင္ငံသား)လား (ႏိုင္ငံသား)မဟုတ္ဘူးလား။
အေျဖ – I do not know.
က်မမသိဘူး။
ဆက္လက္ၿပီး ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ေျဖၾကားတာက -
I do not know because when you talk about the Rohingya, we are not quite sure who you are talking about. As I said there is a problem about who we are referring to. There is someone who says that those people who claim to be Rohingyas are not the ones who are actually native to Burma. But who are just come over recently from Bangladesh. But, on the other hand, Bangladesh says No. They don’t want them as refugees because they are not native to Bangladesh and they come over from Burma. So how do we sort this out without “RULE OF LAW”, without proper Immigration Processes, without proper policy, without properly implementation of laws. This is why I said the root of all is “The RULE OF LAW” going back to many decades, not going back just to the crime that is just committed a couple of months ago.
ျမန္မာျပန္ – က်မ မသိပါဘူး၊ ဘာေၾကာင့္လဲဆိုေတာ့ ခင္ဗ်ားအေနနဲ႔ ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာအေၾကာင္းေျပာတဲ့အခါ က်မတို႔ ဘယ္သူေတြအေၾကာင္း ခင္ဗ်ားေျပာေနသလဲဆိုတာ ေတာ္ေတာ္ကေလး မေသမခ်ာျဖစ္ေနပါတယ္။ က်မေျပာခဲ့သလိုပါပဲ၊ က်မတို႔ ဘယ္သူေတြကို ရည္ညြွန္းေနသလဲဆိုတဲ့ေနရာမွာ ျပႆနာရွိေနပါတယ္။ တခ်ိဳ႕က ရုိဟင္ဂ်ာလို႔ကိုယ့္ကိုကိုယ္ေျပာေနၾကသူေတြဟာေတာ့ျဖင့္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံသားေတြမဟုတ္လို႔ ဆိုၾကတယ္၊ သူတို႕က ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ဘက္ကေန မၾကာေသးမီကမွ ေရာက္လာၾကသူေတြလို႔ ဆိုၾကတယ္။ ဒါေပမယ့္ ေနာက္တဘက္မွာေတာ့ ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ကလည္း မဟုတ္ဘူး၊ သူတို႔ကို ဒုကၡသည္အေနနဲ႔ (က်ေနာ္တို႔) လက္မခံႏိုင္ဘူး၊ ဘာေၾကာင့္လဲဆိုေတာ့ သူတို႔ (ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာ)ေတြက ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရွ္ႏိုင္ငံသားေတြမဟုတ္ဘူး၊ သူတို႔က ျမန္မာဘက္က လာၾကသူေတြလို႔ ဆိုတယ္။ ဒီေတာ့ တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးျခငး္မရွိဘဲ ၊ လူ၀င္မွဳၾကီးၾကပ္ေရးကိစၥေတြ စနစ္တက်ေဆာင္ရြက္ျခင္းမရွိဘဲ၊ စနစ္က်တဲ့ ေပၚလစီမရွိဘဲ၊ ဥပေဒကို စနစ္တက်အေကာင္အထည္ေဖာ္ျခင္းမရွိဘဲ ဒီကိစၥကို ဘယ္လို ရွင္းထုတ္မလဲ။ ဒါေၾကာင့္ က်မက ဒီကိစၥအားလံုးရဲ႕ အရင္းအျမစ္က တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရးလို႔ ေျပာခဲ့တာပါ။ ဒါကလည္း ဆယ္စုႏွစ္မ်ားစြာကတည္းက (ျဖစ္ေနခဲ့တာပါ။) လြန္ခဲ့တဲ့ နွစ္လေလာက္က ရာဇ၀တ္မွဳက်ဴးလြန္တဲ့ (ျပႆနာ) ကေန စလာခဲ့တာမဟုတ္ဘူး။
ကဲအခု ပထမအေျဖနဲ႔ တဆက္တည္းလာတဲ့ ဒုတိယအေျဖ။ ပထမအေျဖကို သေဘာမက်တဲ့ ေမးခြန္းထုတ္သူက ဆက္ေမးတဲ့အခါ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ေျဖတဲ့ ဒုတိယအေျဖကို Out of context လုပ္ၿပီး သေဘာက်ဘာသာျပန္မယ္ဆိုရင္ေတာ့ အလြဲၾကီးလြဲပါၿပီ။
အလဲဗင္းဂရုျမန္မာျပန္တာက ဒုတိယအေျဖတစ္ခုတည္းကို ကြက္ၿပီးျပန္ထားတာပါ။ ျပန္ထားေတာ့လည္းဗ်ာ။ ဒီိလိုျဖစ္ေနပါတယ္။
“ရႇင္ေျပာတဲ့႐ုိဟင္ဂ်ာဆုိတာ က်မ မသိဘူး။ ဘယ္သူ ဘယ္၀ါဆုိတာကုိ ရႇင္ေျပာသလဲဆုိတာ က်မတုိ႔ ေသေသခ်ာခ်ာ မသိဘူး။ က်မေျပာခဲ့သလုိပဲ ဘယ္သူ႔ကို ရည္ညႊန္းေျပာဆုိသလဲဆုိတဲ့ ျပႆနာ ရႇိေနတယ္။ ႐ုိဟင္ဂ်ာဆိုတာဟာ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံက မဟုတ္ဘူး။ သူတို႔ဟာ ဘဂၤလားေဒ့ရႇ္ႏိုင္ငံကေန မၾကာေသးခင္ကမႇ ေရာက္လာသူေတြလို႔ တခ်ဳိ႕က ေျပာဆိုၾကတယ္။”
“who you are talking about” ဆိုတာနဲ႔ “we don’t know who they are” ဆိုတာ လံုး၀ကြဲျပားျခားနားတဲ့အဓိပၸါယ္ပါ။
အလဲဗင္းမီဒီယာဂရုခင္ဗ်ား။ ခင္ဗ်ားတို႔ဘာသာျပန္လိုက္တဲ့ စကားလံုးမ်ားရဲ႕ မူရင္းက ဒီလုိပါ။
Ido not know because when you talk about the Rohingya, we are not quite sure who you are talking about. As I said there is a problem about who we are referring to. There is someone who says that those people who claim to be Rohingyas are not the ones who are actually native to Burma.But who are just come over recently from Bangladesh.
အဓိပၸါယ္က ရွင္းရွင္းလင္းလင္းၾကီးပါပဲ။ “ပထမ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးဖို႔လိုတယ္၊ ဘာေၾကာင့္လဲဆိုရင္ ဥပေဒကသာ ဘယ္သူကေတာ့ျဖင့္ႏိုင္ငံသား၊ ဘယ္သူကေတာ့ျဖင့္ နို္င္ငံသားျဖစ္ဖို႔ အရည္အခ်င္းမီတယ္စသျဖင့္ဆံုးျဖတ္နိုင္မယ္။ အဲသလိုေျဖတယ္၊ ဒါကို ေမးခြန္းေမးသူက ရုိဟင္ဂ်ာက ႏိုင္ငံသားဟုတ္လားမဟုတ္လားထပ္ေမးတယ္။ ဒီအခါ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က က်မမသိဘူး၊ ခင္ဗ်ားေျပာတဲ့ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာကို ဘယ္ဥပေဒနဲ႔ ဆံုးျဖတ္ၿပီးႏိုင္ငံသားဟုတ္တယ္၊ မဟုတ္ဘူး အဆံုးအျဖတ္ေပးႏိုင္မလဲ၊ သူမွန္တယ္၊ ငါမွန္တယ္ဆိုၿပီး တဖက္တမ်ိဳးစီ ေျပာေနၾကတာပဲ၊ ဒါေၾကာင့္က်မက အဆံုးအျဖတ္ေပးမယ့္ ဥပေဒရွိဖို႔၊ စိုးမိုးဖို႔၊ လူ၀င္မွဳၾကီးၾကပ္ေရးက႑ေတြ စနစ္က်ဖို႔က အဓိကပါလို႔ ေျပာခဲ့တာေပါ့” လုိ႔ ေျဖၾကားပါတယ္။
ဒီလိုရွငး္ရွင္းၾကီးျဖစ္ေနတဲ့ အဓိပၸါယ္ကို ယုန္ထင္ေၾကာင္ထင္ျဖစ္ေအာင္ လွည့္စားတဲ့ မီဒီယာၾကီးခင္ဗ်ား။ အမွန္တရားဆိုတာ ၾကားမေနလဲရပါတယ္လို႔ ေျပာခဲ့တဲ့မီဒီယာၾကီးခင္ဗ်ား။ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ခ်ျပခဲ့တဲ့ တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရးနဲ႔ လက္ရွိတရားဥပေဒကိစၥေတြကို မီဒီယာၾကီးအေနနဲ႔ စာဖတ္ပရိသတ္ကို ခ်ျပေပးခ့ဲဖူးပါသလား။ ဘယ္နွစ္ၾကိမ္ေလာက္ ခ်ျပေပးဖူးပါသလဲ။
ကဲအခု၊ အထက္မွာ က်ေနာ္ေျပာတဲ့ အဓိပၸါယ္မ်ိဳးကိုသာ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ ေျပာဆိုခဲ့တာပါဆိုတာကို ပိုမိုခိုင္မာေစဖို႔ လန္ဒန္ စီးပြားေရးနဲ႔ ႏိုင္ငံေရး တကၠသိုလ္ (London school of economics and politics) မွာ ေဆြးေႏြးခဲ့တဲ့
ဒီဘိတ္မွာလည္း ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က ဘယ္လိုေျပာဆိုေဆြးေႏြးသြားသလဲဆိုတာက အနည္းငယ္သံုးသပ္ပါမယ္။ တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရး အတြက္ procedure နဲ႔ transitions အေၾကာင္း ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ ေျပာသြားခဲ့ပါတယ္။ အဲ – Burma law is obsolete. ျမန္မာ့ဥပေဒက ဒိတ္ေအာက္ေနၿပီလို႔ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ ေျပာသြားခဲ့တာကေတာ့ မွတ္သားစရာပါပဲ။
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က Statelessness in Burma ၊ ျမန္မာျပည္က ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ခြင့္မရွိဘဲ ေယာင္ေျခာက္ဆယ္ျဖစ္သူမ်ားအတြက္ We can base in rule of Law ၊ က်မတို႔ တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရးကို အေျခခံႏိုင္တယ္၊ ဒီလိုအေျခခံတဲ့ေနရာမွာ Two aspects ၊ ရွဳေထာင့္နွစ္မ်ိဳးရွိတယ္လို႔ ေျပာသြားခဲ့ပါတယ္။
1) The law of citizenship. What are the citizenship laws in Burma like? Are these just? Are these in line with internationally acceptable standard? ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က
ျမန္မာျပည္က ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ခြင့္ရွိျခငး္ဥပေဒက ဘယ္လိုမ်ိဳးပါလဲ။ အဲဒီဥပေဒက တရားမွ်တရဲ႕လား၊ ဒီဥပေဒက ႏိုင္ငံတကာက လက္ခံႏို္င္မယ့္ စံပံုဆန္ေတြနဲ႔ေရာ ကိုက္ညီေနလား ဆိုၿပီး ေမးခြနး္ထုတ္ပါတယ္။
အဲ နံပါတ္ ၂ ေနရာမွာ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ ေျပာသြားတာက procedural ပါ။ ဘိုလိုကေတာ့ အၾကမ္းဖ်င္း ဒီလိုမ်ိဳးပါ။ How do the immigration authorities work? How do the police work? How do the court work?
ဒီဘိတ္မွာလည္း ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က ဘယ္လိုေျပာဆိုေဆြးေႏြးသြားသလဲဆိုတာက အနည္းငယ္သံုးသပ္ပါမယ္။ တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရး အတြက္ procedure နဲ႔ transitions အေၾကာင္း ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ ေျပာသြားခဲ့ပါတယ္။ အဲ – Burma law is obsolete. ျမန္မာ့ဥပေဒက ဒိတ္ေအာက္ေနၿပီလို႔ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ ေျပာသြားခဲ့တာကေတာ့ မွတ္သားစရာပါပဲ။
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က Statelessness in Burma ၊ ျမန္မာျပည္က ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ခြင့္မရွိဘဲ ေယာင္ေျခာက္ဆယ္ျဖစ္သူမ်ားအတြက္ We can base in rule of Law ၊ က်မတို႔ တရားဥပေဒစိုးမိုးေရးကို အေျခခံႏိုင္တယ္၊ ဒီလိုအေျခခံတဲ့ေနရာမွာ Two aspects ၊ ရွဳေထာင့္နွစ္မ်ိဳးရွိတယ္လို႔ ေျပာသြားခဲ့ပါတယ္။
1) The law of citizenship. What are the citizenship laws in Burma like? Are these just? Are these in line with internationally acceptable standard? ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က
ျမန္မာျပည္က ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ခြင့္ရွိျခငး္ဥပေဒက ဘယ္လိုမ်ိဳးပါလဲ။ အဲဒီဥပေဒက တရားမွ်တရဲ႕လား၊ ဒီဥပေဒက ႏိုင္ငံတကာက လက္ခံႏို္င္မယ့္ စံပံုဆန္ေတြနဲ႔ေရာ ကိုက္ညီေနလား ဆိုၿပီး ေမးခြနး္ထုတ္ပါတယ္။
အဲ နံပါတ္ ၂ ေနရာမွာ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ ေျပာသြားတာက procedural ပါ။ ဘိုလိုကေတာ့ အၾကမ္းဖ်င္း ဒီလိုမ်ိဳးပါ။ How do the immigration authorities work? How do the police work? How do the court work?
လူ၀င္မွဳၾကီးၾကပ္ေရးအာဏာပိုင္ေတြ ဘယ္လိုအလုပ္လုပ္ပါသလဲ၊ ရဲေတြ ဘယ္လို အလုပ္လုပ္ေနပါသလဲ၊ တရားရံုးေတြ ဘယ္လိုအလုပ္ လုပ္ေနပါသလဲ။ (ဒါေတြက procedural ေတြပါတဲ့)
These two are essential to find why stateless persons are stateless. Whether there is not something that can be done to assure the position within the rule of law.
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က အထက္ပါ အခ်က္ ၂ ခ်က္ကေတာ့ ႏို္င္ငံမဲ့ေနသူေတြ ဘာေၾကာင့္ ႏိုင္ငံမဲ့ေနသလဲဆိုတာ ရွာေဖြဖို႔ အဓိကနည္းလမ္း ၂ သြယ္ပါလို႔ ေျပာသြားခဲ့ပါတယ္။ ဒီအခ်က္ ၂ ခ်က္ကို အေျခခံျခင္းျဖင့္ (ဒီနိုင္ငံမဲ့ေနသူမ်ား) အတြက္ အေျခအေနတစ္ခုကို တရားဥပေဒအတြင္းမွာပဲ တိက်ေသခ်ာစြာ အဆံုးအျဖတ္ေပးဖို႔ (ဥပေဒ အမ်ိဳးအစားတစ္ခု) ရွိမေနဘူးလားဆိုတာကိုလည္း ရွာေဖြေတြ႔ရွိနိုင္ပါတယ္လုိ႔ ေျပာသြားခဲ့ပါတယ္။
ဒီေတာ့ဗ်ား။ ေကာက္ခ်က္ကေတာ့ ဒီလိုခ်ပါတယ္။ အလဲဗင္းမီဒီယာက ဘာသာျပန္ေဆာင္းပါးရွင္မ်ားအေနနဲ႔ ဒီလို out of context လုပ္တာကေတာ့ အမွန္တရားကေန ေသြဖယ္ၿပီး ျပည္သူကို လွည့္စားတယ္လို႔ပဲ ေျပာရမွာပါ။ တျခားနည္းလမ္းမရွိပါ။
ဗြီဒီယိုဖိုင္မ်ားကို အေသအခ်ာနားေသာတဆင္ၾကည့္ၾကပါ။ ကြ်န္ေတာ္ကိုယ္တိုင္လည္း ဒီစာမေရးမီ ဗီြဒီယိုဖုိင္ေတြကို အနည္းဆံုး ၃ ေခါက္ထပ္မနည္း နားေထာင္ခဲ့ပါတယ္။ တျခားတတ္ကြ်မ္းသူမ်ားဆီကလည္း သေဘာထား ေမးျမန္းခဲ့ ပါတယ္။
These two are essential to find why stateless persons are stateless. Whether there is not something that can be done to assure the position within the rule of law.
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က အထက္ပါ အခ်က္ ၂ ခ်က္ကေတာ့ ႏို္င္ငံမဲ့ေနသူေတြ ဘာေၾကာင့္ ႏိုင္ငံမဲ့ေနသလဲဆိုတာ ရွာေဖြဖို႔ အဓိကနည္းလမ္း ၂ သြယ္ပါလို႔ ေျပာသြားခဲ့ပါတယ္။ ဒီအခ်က္ ၂ ခ်က္ကို အေျခခံျခင္းျဖင့္ (ဒီနိုင္ငံမဲ့ေနသူမ်ား) အတြက္ အေျခအေနတစ္ခုကို တရားဥပေဒအတြင္းမွာပဲ တိက်ေသခ်ာစြာ အဆံုးအျဖတ္ေပးဖို႔ (ဥပေဒ အမ်ိဳးအစားတစ္ခု) ရွိမေနဘူးလားဆိုတာကိုလည္း ရွာေဖြေတြ႔ရွိနိုင္ပါတယ္လုိ႔ ေျပာသြားခဲ့ပါတယ္။
ဒီေတာ့ဗ်ား။ ေကာက္ခ်က္ကေတာ့ ဒီလိုခ်ပါတယ္။ အလဲဗင္းမီဒီယာက ဘာသာျပန္ေဆာင္းပါးရွင္မ်ားအေနနဲ႔ ဒီလို out of context လုပ္တာကေတာ့ အမွန္တရားကေန ေသြဖယ္ၿပီး ျပည္သူကို လွည့္စားတယ္လို႔ပဲ ေျပာရမွာပါ။ တျခားနည္းလမ္းမရွိပါ။
ဗြီဒီယိုဖိုင္မ်ားကို အေသအခ်ာနားေသာတဆင္ၾကည့္ၾကပါ။ ကြ်န္ေတာ္ကိုယ္တိုင္လည္း ဒီစာမေရးမီ ဗီြဒီယိုဖုိင္ေတြကို အနည္းဆံုး ၃ ေခါက္ထပ္မနည္း နားေထာင္ခဲ့ပါတယ္။ တျခားတတ္ကြ်မ္းသူမ်ားဆီကလည္း သေဘာထား ေမးျမန္းခဲ့ ပါတယ္။
အလဲဗင္းမီဒီယာက ဒီလင့္ခ္ ကို တင္အၿပီး မိနစ္အနည္းငယ္အၾကာမွာပဲ ဒီလို ျဖဳတ္ခ်ျပစ္ခဲ့ ပါတယ္။
ဒါနဲ႔ မခံမရပ္ႏိုင္တဲ့ အမွန္တရားလိုလားသူအခ်ိဳ႕က ဇေ၀ဇ၀ါျဖစ္ၿပီး က်ေနာ့္ဆီ ဆက္သြယ္လာပါတယ္။ သူတို႕ထဲက တစ္ေယာက္က အလဲဗင္းကို ေဖ့စ္ဘြတ္ခ္ေပၚမွာ မက္ေဆ့ခ်္ပို႔ၿပီး ဘာလို႔ အထက္ပါလင့္ခ္ကို ဖ်က္ခ်ရသလဲဆိုတာ ေမးျမန္းခဲ့ပါတယ္တဲ့။ (ပံုမွ Article #14161 not found ဆိုသည့္စာသားအား သတိျပဳၾကပါ)
အဲ မိနစ္အနည္းငယ္ၾကာေလေတာ့ အထက္ပါလင့္က ျပန္ၿပီး အလုပ္လုပ္လာပါတယ္။ အခုလက္ရွိလည္း အဲဒိလင့္ခ္က အလုပ္လုပ္တုန္းပါ။
Link address ကေတာ့
ဒီေတာ့ဗ်ား။ ကြ်န္ေတာ္ေလ့လာဖူးတဲ့ The most successful propaganda technique ဆိုတာေလး ၾကံဳၾကိဳက္တုန္း တင္ျပပါရေစ။ မူရင္းကေတာ့ ဒီမွာပါ။
နံပါတ္ ၃ မွာ ေျပာထားတာက
# 3. Misinformation: This is a subtle technique, it involves reporting information in such a way that the final message of the story is not true, it’s what the propagandist wants you to believe.
သက္ျပင္းရွည္ၾကီးပဲ ခ်မိပါတယ္ဗ်ား။(အဂၤလိပ္လိုပဲ နားလည္ေတာ္မူၾကပါကုန္) ဒီေတာ့ဗ်ား ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ရဲ႕ အေျဖက ျမန္မာ့လက္ရွိ ဥပေဒသည္ နိုင္ငံတကာစံခ်ိန္ေတြနဲ႔ မကိုက္ညီဘဲ ႏိုင္ငံသားျဖစ္ခြင့္၊ မည္သူသည္ႏိုင္ငံသား၊ မည္သူသည္ႏိုင္ငံသားမဟုတ္ဆိုတာေတာင္ မခြဲျခားေပးႏိုင္တဲ့ဥပေဒျဖစ္ေနတယ္ဆိုတာကိုသာ conclude လုပ္ ယူႏိုင္ပါတယ္။ အလဲဗင္းၾကီးေျပာသလို “ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာသည္ ႏိုင္ငံသားမဟုတ္” ဆိုၿပီး ဒဲ့ေျပာလုိက္သလိုလို ဘာလိုလိုညာလိုလို conclude လုပ္လို႔လုံး၀မရပါ။
ဒါကို ျမန္မာစာဖတ္ပရိသတ္ (အဂၤလိပ္နားမလည္ၾကတဲ့) က သေဘာမေပါက္ႏိုင္ပဲ အလဲဗင္းေပ့ခ်္မွာ ဟာ.. အေမစုက ေျပာလိုက္ပီေဟ့ စသျဖင့္ ကြန္မန္႔ေတြေရးၾကတာ အဓိက misinform လုပ္ထားတဲ့ အလဲဗင္းမွာ တာ၀န္ရွိပါတယ္။
ေနာက္ဆံုးေမးခ်င္တာကေတာ့ – အလဲဗင္းမီဒီယာအုပ္စုခင္ဗ်ား။ ေနာင္ၾကီးတို႔မွာ အမွန္တရားဆိုတာကို ထူးထူးျခားျခားေလးမ်ား Define လုပ္ထားရင္ ကြ်န္ေတာ္တို႔ကိုလည္း ဗဟုသုတအျဖစ္ ေ၀မွ်ေပးပါလို႔ ရိုးသားစြာေတာင္းဆိုလိုက္ပါတယ္ခင္ဗ်ား။
Source : MMSY
Source : MMSY
ယခုအခါ မီးေလာင္မွဳျဖစ္ပြားရာေနရာသို ႔မီးသတ္တပ္ဖြဲ႔မ်ားေရာက္ ရွိလာျပီး လာေရာက္ျငိမ္းသတ္လ်က္ ရွိေၾကာင္းသိရသည္။
အဆိုပါ မီးေလာင္မွဳျဖစ္ပြားလ်က္ရွိေသာ အိမ္သည္ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာလူမ်ိဳး (ေဒၚခင္ခင္၊စစ္ေတြဒုလက္ေထာက္ စာတိုက္မွဴး) အိမ္ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း သိရသည္။ ယင္း အိမ္တြင္ ေနထိုင္လ်က္ရိွေသာ ညီအစ္မနွင့္မိခင္တို့မွာ ရခိုင္ တို့၏ေသာင္းက်န္းမွဳ ၊ၿခိမ္းေၿခာက္မွဳ ၊လုယက္သတ္ၿဖတ္မွဳေဘးမွလြတ္ေၿမာက္ရန္ တိမ္းေရွာင္ေနခိုက္ လာေရာက္ မီး ရွဳိ႔ၿခင္း ၿဖစ္ ပါသည္။ အဆိုပါ အိမ္တြင္ေနထို င္ေသာ မိန္းမသားသုံးဦးသည္ေအာင္မဂၤလာ ရပ္ကြက္တြင္ သြားေရာက္ေန ထိုင္ၾကေၾကာင္း သိရသည္။
"ဒီရပ္ကြက္က ပင္စင္စားေတြေနတဲ့ရပ္ကြက္ျဖစ္တယ္ ၊ ရဲ၀န္ထမ္းေတြေရာ ၊ဟိုတယ္၀န္ထမ္းေတြေရာ ပင္စင္စား၀န္ထ မ္းေတြေနၾကတဲ့ အိမ္ေတြ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္ " ဟု ေဟာ္တယ္၀န္ထမ္း ပင္စင္စား တစ္ဦးျဖစ္သူ အဆိုပါရပ္ကြက္တြင္ေနထိုင္သူ တစ္ဦးကေျပာၾကားသည္။
မီးေလာင္မွဳကို ယခုအခါထိန္းခ်ဳပ္ႏိုင္ျပီျဖစ္သျဖင့္ ရိုဟင္ဂ်ာလူမ်ိဳးအိမ္တစ္အိမ္ အပါအ၀င္ ေဘးအိမ္ အခ်ိဳ႔ပ်က္စီး သြားေၾကာင္း သိရသည္။
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Sittwe’ news
Yesterday, a house, belonging to Daw Khin Khin who is working in Rakhine state General Post office, was first looted and then burneddown by Rakhine terrorists at the night fall around 7:oopm. Though in Sittwe, there has been under 144 declared by the President Thein Sein for more than a week, the order and its law enforcement has not been effecting against the rampant Rakhine terrorists who have been violating blatantly the orders of President. The worst is Sittwe and Rathedaung Townships where Muslims are very helpless and Rakhine terrorists have been damaging and firing the houses of Rohingyas Muslims with the combination help of police, paramilitary and military. The entire Rakhine state is on the situation of under the fire of Rakhine chauvinistic and Rohingyas are very totally frustrated
and feel in gravely danger of their lives, properties and paper documents which are in hands of Muslims. The entire Rakhine state’s administration is pressing to displace the Muslims from their original residences, to weaken their livelihood, to drive out to other countries and at last to grimly humiliate and to make them stateless.
Today, a bulk of Rakhine terrorist people have gathered at the Utama Garden, Sittwe to attack the Rohingyas people who concentrated in the Aung Mingala block, the terrorists mind is to destroy the block and then burned as they did before burned to ashes at least more than 20 villages in Akyab alone. At the Juncture near by Aung Mindala, there is a water tank in a ready more, in accord the message from the ground.
Maung Daw news
In accord the news coming from Maung Daw, there are military forces in Myoma Kayindan (Shidafara), military forces took place for security. But the forces are not taking action against the offenders, Rakhine people. In Maungdaw Myoyindan village, military forces have entered in Muslims houses and arresting Muslims Rohingyas (4 persons) and looted the belongings such as gold and money.
In the south of Maungdaw, after the forces taking money a hundred thousand per person from the Rohingyas Muslims, they, the forces let the victimized Muslims allow passing the Myanmar borders to going to Bangladesh. As the victims are not being allowed to get in Bangladesh, they are forcefully returned back again to Maungdaw. In Myanmar side, the forces arresting the Muslims, then they, Muslims, are being beaten and some are shot out by the forces.
Yesterday, a house, belonging to Daw Khin Khin who is working in Rakhine state General Post office, was first looted and then burneddown by Rakhine terrorists at the night fall around 7:oopm. Though in Sittwe, there has been under 144 declared by the President Thein Sein for more than a week, the order and its law enforcement has not been effecting against the rampant Rakhine terrorists who have been violating blatantly the orders of President. The worst is Sittwe and Rathedaung Townships where Muslims are very helpless and Rakhine terrorists have been damaging and firing the houses of Rohingyas Muslims with the combination help of police, paramilitary and military. The entire Rakhine state is on the situation of under the fire of Rakhine chauvinistic and Rohingyas are very totally frustrated
and feel in gravely danger of their lives, properties and paper documents which are in hands of Muslims. The entire Rakhine state’s administration is pressing to displace the Muslims from their original residences, to weaken their livelihood, to drive out to other countries and at last to grimly humiliate and to make them stateless.
Today, a bulk of Rakhine terrorist people have gathered at the Utama Garden, Sittwe to attack the Rohingyas people who concentrated in the Aung Mingala block, the terrorists mind is to destroy the block and then burned as they did before burned to ashes at least more than 20 villages in Akyab alone. At the Juncture near by Aung Mindala, there is a water tank in a ready more, in accord the message from the ground.
Maung Daw news
In accord the news coming from Maung Daw, there are military forces in Myoma Kayindan (Shidafara), military forces took place for security. But the forces are not taking action against the offenders, Rakhine people. In Maungdaw Myoyindan village, military forces have entered in Muslims houses and arresting Muslims Rohingyas (4 persons) and looted the belongings such as gold and money.
In the south of Maungdaw, after the forces taking money a hundred thousand per person from the Rohingyas Muslims, they, the forces let the victimized Muslims allow passing the Myanmar borders to going to Bangladesh. As the victims are not being allowed to get in Bangladesh, they are forcefully returned back again to Maungdaw. In Myanmar side, the forces arresting the Muslims, then they, Muslims, are being beaten and some are shot out by the forces.
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